PATHO
370 Final
Exam
With
Complete
Solutions.
,What is a common site for bone metastases to occur?
Vertebral bodies
Midshaft femur
Carpal bones
Radius - Answer Vertebral bodies
A child presents with bone deficiency and a bowlegged appearance. This
assessment data supports a diagnosis of
Rickets
Osteoporosis
Osteomalacia
Paget disease - Answer Rickets
Symptoms such as headache, lethargy, mood alterations, and epigastric sensations
occur during which phase of a seizure?
Prodromal
Postictal
Complex
Status epilepticus - Answer Prodromal
Which of the following is true about ischemic stroke? (Select all that apply)
Has risk factors that include atherosclerosis
Can be a result of a hypercoagulable state
Often caused by emboli from the basilar arteries
Results from hemorrhage into brain tissue
Is associated with acute hypertension - Answer Has risk factors that include
atherosclerosis
Can be a result of a hypercoagulable state
Which is a pathophysiologic change that is consistent with Alzheimer's disease?
(Select all that apply)
Amyloid plaques
Epileptogenic focus
Focal cerebral infarct
Neurofibrillary tangles
Abnormal serotonin system - Answer Amyloid plaques
Neurofibrillary tangles
Which is associated with early increased intracranial pressure?
Inability to move
Unresponsiveness
Inability to verbalize
Headache - Answer Headache
A 6-year-old boy presents with polyarthritis. His parents report no past medical
history except for a sore throat 6 weeks previously. On physical exam a murmur is
noted. The assessment data supports a diagnosis of
Acute Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
Lyme disease
,Reiter syndrome - Answer Acute Rheumatic Fever
What is responsible for producing rheumatoid factor antibodies?
T lymphocytes
Macrophages
Tumor necrosis factor-
B cells - Answer B cells
A motor vehicle accident has resulted in a factor where the articular surfaces of the
tibial surface and femoral condyles are no long in contact with one another. Which
term best describes the condition?
Subluxation
Dislocation
Malunion
Nonunion
Dislocation - Answer Dislocation
What are the criteria for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis? (select all that apply)
Simultaneous symmetric swelling of joints
Soft tissue swelling of at least three joints
Subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules
Morning stiffness in joints
Swelling of at least one wrist joint - Answer Simultaneous symmetric swelling of
joints
Soft tissue swelling of at least three joints
Subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules
Morning stiffness in joints
Lyme disease is caused by
Borrelia burgdorferi
Group A - hemolytic streptococcus
Camplyobacter
Versinia - Answer Borrelia burgdorferi
A patient exposed to herpes simplex virus has been exhibiting symptoms that
suggest inflammation of the brain. This type of infection is referred to as
Encephalitis
Brain abscess
Bacteremia
Meningitis - Answer Encephalitis
A 10-year-old boy has a metastatic lesion in the metaphysical region of the femur
that is referred to as
An osteoid osteoma
A giant cell tumor
An osteosarcoma
A chondroma - Answer An osteosarcoma
A client diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. Which assessment data support this
diagnosis? (Select all that apply)
,Lower fback
fpain f18- fyear-
old fmen fnormal
flordosis
pain flessens fwith frest
daily fbouts fof findigestion f- fAnswer fLower fback
fpain f18- fyear-old fmen
When fviewed fon fx-ray, fthe fbone fhas fa flinear ffracture fthat foccurs fin fa fstraight
fline facross fthe fbone. fWhich fterm fbest fdescribes fthis ftype fof ffracture?
transverse
fspiral
foblique
longitudinal f- fAnswer ftransverse
Which fis fa frisk ffactor ffor fcerebral fpalsy?
fhigh fbirth fweight
post-term fdelivery
fprenatal finfection
genetic fdefects f- fAnswer fprenatal finfection
What fare fthe fearly fsigns fof fParkinson's fdisease? f(select fall fthat fapply)
fMinimal fblinking
Loss fof ffacial fexpression
fDrooling
Small fwriting
Monotone fspeech f- fAnswer fMinimal fblinking
fLoss fof ffacial fexpression
Which fforms fof fmuscular fdystrophy fare fX-linked?
fDuchenne
Becker
fFacioscapulohumeral
A fcombination fof fBecker fand fDuchenne f- fAnswer fDuchenne
A f60-year-old fclient freports fpain fin fthe fknees. fThe fclient fdenies fany
fprevious finfection for fpain fin fthe fspine. fThe fassessment fdata fsupport fa
fdiagnosis fof fRheumatic ffever
Relter fsyndrome
fLyme fDisease
Osteoarthirtis f- fAnswer fOsteoarthirtis
What fis fthe fmost fcommon fsite fof fMycobacterium ftuberculosis fin fthe
fbone? fLong fbones
Hips
fAnkle
s
Vertebral fcolumn f- fAnswer fVertebral fcolumn
MACROvascular fcomplications fof fdiabetes fmellitus fare fseen
fin fIschemic fcerebrovascular faccidents
Retinopathy fand fnephropathy
,Capillary fbasement fmembrane fthickening
Hemorrhagic fcerebrovascular faccidents f- fAnswer fIschemic
fcerebrovascular faccidents
Microvascular fcomplications fof fdiabetes fmellitus fare fseen fin
fRetinopathy fand fnephropathy
Ischemic fcerebrovascular faccidents
fHemorrhagic fcerebrovascular faccidents
Damage fto flarge fblood fvessels fsupplying fthe fbrain f- fAnswer fRetinopathy fand
fnephropathy
Heartburn fis fmost flikely fthe fconsequence fof fwhich fof fthe ffollowing? f(select
fall fthat fapply)
The fback fflow fof fgastric fcontents finto fthe
fesophagus fStimulation fof fthe fesophageal fsensory
fnerve fendings fAn fesophageal fspasm
A fdefect fin fthe fdiaphragm
Portal fhypertension f- fAnswer fThe fback fflow fof fgastric fcontents finto fthe
fesophagus fStimulation fof fthe fesophageal fsensory fnerve fendings
An fesophageal fspasm
Children fwho fhave fmidline fcraniocerebral fdefects, fnystagmus, fretinal
fabnormalities, fand fother fmidline for fmid ffacial fabnormalities f(e.g., fcleft flip for
fpalate) fshould fbe fevaluated ffor fdeficiencies fin
T3 fand ft4 fhormone
fParathyroid fhormone
fCorticosteroid fhormones
Growth fhormone f- fAnswer fGrowth fhormone
At fpresent, funiversal fvaccination fof fchildren fis frecommended ffor f(select fall
fthat fapply)
Hepatitis fA
fHepatitis
fB
fHepatitis
fC
fHepatitis
fD
Hepatitis fE f- fAnswer fHepatitis
fA fHepatitis fB
Which fcharacteristic fis ffound fin fthe fcondition fof fcholelithiasis
f(gallstones)? fThe fpresence fof fgallstones funiversally fcreates fcolicky
fsymptoms fGallstones fcan fbe ftreated fonly fthrough fsurgery
Gallstones fare ftwice fas ffrequent fin fwomen fas fin fmen
Asians fare fat fhighest frisk ffor fgallstones f- fAnswer fGallstones fare ftwice fas ffrequent
fin fwomen fas fin fmen
Most fgallstones famong fpatients fin fthe fUnited fState fare fformed ffrom:
a. Pigment fpolymers
b. Calcium
c. Cholesterol
d. Sulfur f- fAnswer fc. fCholesterol
,Regarding fboth facute fand fchronic fcholecystitis, fwhich fstatement fis ftrue?
a. Chronic fcholecystitis fis foften fcaused fby ffever fand fbacterial finfection,
fwhereas facute fcholecystitis fis fnot.
b. Mild fjaundice fis fmore flikely fto fbe fseen fin fchronic fcholecystitis fthan fin
facute fcholecystitis.
c. Rupture fof fthe fgallbladder fis fmore flikely fto foccur fwith facute frather fthan
fchronic fcholecystitis.
d. Symptoms fof fchronic fcholecystitis fgenerally foccur fafter fa fmeal. f-
fAnswer fc. fRupture fof fthe fgallbladder fis fmore flikely fto foccur fwith facute
frather fthan fchronic fcholecystitis.
The fchronic finflammatory flesions fin fthe fpancreas fand fpersistence fof fsymptoms
fseen fin fchronic fpancreatitis fare fmost ffrequently fthe fcomplications fof
a. Hyperparathyroidism
b. Hereditary ffactors
c. Idiopathic fcauses
d. Alcohol fconsumption f- fAnswer fd. fAlcohol fconsumption
Ulcerative fcolitis fand fCrohn fdisease fshare fseveral fsimilarities. fSpecific
fdistinctions for fdifferences fthat fare funique fto fCrohn fdisease finclude fwhich fof
fthe ffollowing? f(select fall fthat fapply)
a. Increased frisk ffor fcolorectal
b. Smoking's fincreasing fthe frisk
c. Pain fthat fis fsevere fand flocalized
d. Primary faffecting fof fthe fproximal fportion fof fthe fcolon
e. Increased frisk ffor fcolorectal fcancer
f. Increased frisk fof fdeveloping fintestinal fcancer f- fAnswer fa. fIncreased
frisk ffor fcolorectal
b. fSmoking's fincreasing fthe frisk
c. fPain fthat fis fsevere fand flocalized
Diabetes fmellitus fis fmost faccurately fdefined fas fa fdisorder fthat faffects
a. The futilization fof ffats fand fglucose
b. Glucose fmetabolism fand futilization
c. The fmetabolism fof fglycogen fstores fand fglucose
d. The futilization fof fall fenergy fnutrients f- fAnswer fd. fThe futilization fof fall
fenergy fnutrients
When ftelescoping for finvagination fof fa fportion fof fthe fbowel finto fan fadjacent
fdistal fportion foccurs fin fan finfant, fthe fcondition fis fdiagnosed fas:
a. Hirschsprung fdisease
b. Intussusception
c. Megacolon
d. Volvulus f- fAnswer fb. fIntussusception
Current fviews fabout fthe ftarget fgroup fand ffrequency fof fscreening ffor fdiabetes
fare fbased fon fconcern ffor fthe fhigh fprevalence fin fthe fadult fpopulation fof
a. Unreported fHbA1c
b. Asymptomatic flow-risk findividuals
, c. Undiagnosed ftype f2 fdiabetes fmellitus
d. Undiagnosed ftype f1 fdiabetes f- fAnswer fc. fUndiagnosed ftype f2 fdiabetes
Which fserum fenzyme fis fthe fmost fspecific ffor fdiagnosing facute fpancreatitis?
a. Amylase
b. Lipase
c. Aminotransferase
d. Glutamic-oxaloacetic ftransaminase f- fAnswer fb. fLipase
The fpatients fperceived fdifficulty fin fswallowing, fthe fgeneral finability fto finitiate
fswallowing, for feven fthe ffeeling fthat fswallowed fsolids for fliquids f"stick" fin fthe
fthroat fis fcalled
a. Dyspepsia
b. Stomatitis
c. Dysphagia
d. Odynophagia f- fAnswer fc. fDysphagia
The fmost fserious fconsequence fof factor fpancreatitis fresulting ffrom fbiliary
fobstruction fis:
a. Reoccurring fepisodes fof fhypoglycemia
b. The fdevelopment fof fcirculatory fshock
c. Its fconversion fto fchronic fpancreatitis
d. Stimulation fof fpancreatic fproenzymes f- fAnswer fb. fThe fdevelopment fof
fcirculatory fshock
Appendicitis fis fone fof fthe fmost fcommon fabdominal fconditions frequiring
femergency fsurgery. fAlthough fits fsymptoms fsometimes foverlap fwith fthose fof
fother fabdominal fdisorders, fappendicitis fis finitially fcharacterized fby fwhich fof fthe
ffollowing? f(select fall fthat fapply)
a. Nausea
b. Diarrhea
c. Periumbilical fpain
d. Migrating flower-right fabdomen fpain
e. Fever f- fAnswer fa. fNausea
b. Diarrhea
c. Periumbilical fpain
d. Migrating flower-right fabdomen fpain
The fpathophysiology fof fgestational fdiabetes fmellitus fmost fclosely fresembles fthat fof
a. Type f1 fdiabetes
b. Type f2 fdiabetes
c. Genetic fdefects fof fß-cells
d. Chemical-induced fdiabetes f- fAnswer fb. fType f2 fdiabetes
Cushing fsyndrome fdiffers ffrom fCushing fdisease fin fthat fthe fterm fCushing
fsyndrome fis fused fonly fto fdescribe
a. Hypercortisolism fcaused fby fectopic fnon fpituitary ftumors
b. Hypercortisolism fmanifestations, fregardless fof fcause
c. Hypercortisolism fthat fis fpituitary fdependent