Vascular Disorders
1. When obtaining a health history from a 72-year-old man with peripheral
arterial disease (PAD) of the lower extremities, the nurse asks about a
history of related conditions, including
a. venous thrombosis.
b. venous stasis ulcers.
c. pulmonary embolism.
d. coronary artery disease (CAD).
2. A 45-year-old patient with chronic arterial disease has a brachial systolic
blood pressure (SBP) of 132 mm Hg and an ankle SBP of 102 mm Hg. The
ankle-brachial index is ______ and indicate ______ (mild/moderate/severe)
arterial disease.
3. Priority Decision: Following teaching about medications for PAD, the nurse
determines that more instruction is needed when the patient makes which
statement?
a. “I should take 1 aspirin a day to prevent clotting in my legs.”
b. “The lisinopril I use for my blood pressure may help me walk further
without pain.”
c. “I will need to have frequent blood tests to evaluate the effect of the
pentoxifylline I will be taking.”
d. “Cilostazol should help me increase my walking distance and speed and
help prevent pain in my legs.”
4. A patient with PAD has a nursing diagnosis of ineffective tissue perfusion.
What
should be included in the teaching plan for this patient (select all that
apply)?
a. Apply cold compresses when the legs become swollen.
b. Wear protective footwear and avoid hot or cold extremes.
c. Walk at least 30 minutes per day, at least 3 times per week.
d. Use nicotine replacement therapy as a substitute for smoking.
e. Inspect lower extremities for pulses, temperature, and any injury.
5. When teaching the patient with PAD about modifying risk factors
associated with the
, condition, what should the nurse emphasize?
a. Amputation is the ultimate outcome if the patient does not alter lifestyle
behaviors.
b. Modifications will reduce the risk of other atherosclerotic conditions, such
as stroke.
c. Risk-reducing behaviors started after angioplasty can stop the progression
of the disease.
d. Maintenance of normal body weight is the most important factor in
controlling arterial disease.
6. Priority Decision: During care of the patient following femoral bypass graft
surgery, the nurse immediately notifies the health care provider (HCP) if the
patient has
a. fever and redness at the incision site.
b. 2 + edema of the extremity and pain at the incision site.
c. a loss of palpable pulses and numbness and tingling of the feet.
d. increasing ankle-brachial indices and serous drainage from the incision.
7. Priority Decision: A patient has atrial fibrillation and develops an acute
arterial occlusion at the iliac artery bifurcation. What are the 6 Ps of acute
arterial occlusion the nurse may assess in this patient that require
immediate notification of the HCP?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
8. Which conditions characterize critical limb ischemia (select all that apply)?
a. Cold feet
b. Arterial leg ulcers
c. Venous leg ulcers
d. Gangrene of the leg
e. No palpable peripheral pulses
f. Rest pain lasting more than 2 weeks
9. What are characteristics of vasospastic disease (Raynaud’s phenomenon)
(select all that apply)?
1. When obtaining a health history from a 72-year-old man with peripheral
arterial disease (PAD) of the lower extremities, the nurse asks about a
history of related conditions, including
a. venous thrombosis.
b. venous stasis ulcers.
c. pulmonary embolism.
d. coronary artery disease (CAD).
2. A 45-year-old patient with chronic arterial disease has a brachial systolic
blood pressure (SBP) of 132 mm Hg and an ankle SBP of 102 mm Hg. The
ankle-brachial index is ______ and indicate ______ (mild/moderate/severe)
arterial disease.
3. Priority Decision: Following teaching about medications for PAD, the nurse
determines that more instruction is needed when the patient makes which
statement?
a. “I should take 1 aspirin a day to prevent clotting in my legs.”
b. “The lisinopril I use for my blood pressure may help me walk further
without pain.”
c. “I will need to have frequent blood tests to evaluate the effect of the
pentoxifylline I will be taking.”
d. “Cilostazol should help me increase my walking distance and speed and
help prevent pain in my legs.”
4. A patient with PAD has a nursing diagnosis of ineffective tissue perfusion.
What
should be included in the teaching plan for this patient (select all that
apply)?
a. Apply cold compresses when the legs become swollen.
b. Wear protective footwear and avoid hot or cold extremes.
c. Walk at least 30 minutes per day, at least 3 times per week.
d. Use nicotine replacement therapy as a substitute for smoking.
e. Inspect lower extremities for pulses, temperature, and any injury.
5. When teaching the patient with PAD about modifying risk factors
associated with the
, condition, what should the nurse emphasize?
a. Amputation is the ultimate outcome if the patient does not alter lifestyle
behaviors.
b. Modifications will reduce the risk of other atherosclerotic conditions, such
as stroke.
c. Risk-reducing behaviors started after angioplasty can stop the progression
of the disease.
d. Maintenance of normal body weight is the most important factor in
controlling arterial disease.
6. Priority Decision: During care of the patient following femoral bypass graft
surgery, the nurse immediately notifies the health care provider (HCP) if the
patient has
a. fever and redness at the incision site.
b. 2 + edema of the extremity and pain at the incision site.
c. a loss of palpable pulses and numbness and tingling of the feet.
d. increasing ankle-brachial indices and serous drainage from the incision.
7. Priority Decision: A patient has atrial fibrillation and develops an acute
arterial occlusion at the iliac artery bifurcation. What are the 6 Ps of acute
arterial occlusion the nurse may assess in this patient that require
immediate notification of the HCP?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
8. Which conditions characterize critical limb ischemia (select all that apply)?
a. Cold feet
b. Arterial leg ulcers
c. Venous leg ulcers
d. Gangrene of the leg
e. No palpable peripheral pulses
f. Rest pain lasting more than 2 weeks
9. What are characteristics of vasospastic disease (Raynaud’s phenomenon)
(select all that apply)?
