ASAP Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
inflammation - CORRECT ANSWER - asthma is a heterogenous disease, usually
characterized by ___________
shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, chest tightness - CORRECT ANSWER - 4 main
symptoms of asthma
allergic asthma - CORRECT ANSWER - occurs when patients become symptomatic after
acute exposure to something to which they are allergic or during a specific season of the year
recurrent wheezing - CORRECT ANSWER - clinically significant periods of bronchial or
respiratory tract wheezing that is reversible or that is consistent with the clinical picture of
bronchospasm
60-80% - CORRECT ANSWER - genetics account for ___________ of susceptibility to
asthma
environmental factors for asthma susceptibility - CORRECT ANSWER - allergens, smoke,
chemicals/dust, or exposure to viral infections in early childhood or infancy
prematurity - CORRECT ANSWER - a risk factor for asthma in children less than 3 years
old
allergic asthma - CORRECT ANSWER - asthma that is most easily recognized, onset in
childhood, past and/or family history of allergy, eosinophilic inflammation
non-allergic asthma - CORRECT ANSWER - asthma that presents in adult age, not
associated with allergy
,adult late-onset asthma - CORRECT ANSWER - asthma that presents in adult age
(particularly women), tends to be non-allergic
asthma with persistant airflow limitation - CORRECT ANSWER - presents in patients
with long-standing asthma history, fixed airflow limitation due to remodeling
asthma with obesity - CORRECT ANSWER - presents in obese patients with asthma and
prominent respiratory symptoms, shows minimal eosinophilic inflammation
respiratory infections, allergens, environment, emotions, exercise, drugs, occupation -
CORRECT ANSWER - asthma triggers
expiratory airflow - CORRECT ANSWER - asthma diagnosis is based on identifying a
characteristic pattern of respiratory symptoms in the patient, and confirming the patient has
variable __________ ___________
typical asthma symptoms in patients older than 6 - CORRECT ANSWER - more than one
symptom of wheeze, SOB, cough, or chest tightness; symptoms worse at night or early AM,
symptoms vary over time, triggers of colds, exercise, allergens, weather change, laughter, or
irritants, often have worse symptoms with viral infections
typical asthma symptoms in children less than 5 - CORRECT ANSWER - symptoms of
cough, wheeze, heavy breathing for more than 10 days during upper respiratory tract infections;
more than 3 episodes per year with severe episodes or night worsening; cough, wheeze, or heavy
breathing with play or laughter between episodes; atopy or family history
atopic dermatitis, allergic shiners or crease, increased nasal secretions or polyps - CORRECT
ANSWER - physical exam indicators of asthma
variable expiratory airflow - CORRECT ANSWER - varies over time and magnitude to a
greater extent than a healthy population
, forced vital capacity - CORRECT ANSWER - FVC; the maximum amount of air exhaled
after a deep breath
forced expiratory volume in 1 second - CORRECT ANSWER - FEV1; how much air can
be forcefully exhaled in 1 second
FEV1/FVC ratio - CORRECT ANSWER - percent of the FVC exhaled in one second;
indicates airflow limitation
adults: 0.75-0.8
children usually less than 0.9 - CORRECT ANSWER - typical FEV1/FVC ratio
peak expiratory flow - CORRECT ANSWER - assesses maximal rate of flow; can be used
to confirm variability in home environment and assess control with therapy; less reliable than
FEV1
PFT variability consistent with asthma - CORRECT ANSWER - bronchodilator
reversibility; PEF variance over 2 weeks; FEV1 increase after therapy; excessive lung variation
FeNO - CORRECT ANSWER - measured concentration of NO in the exhaled breath; can
identify inflammation
patient characteristics, patient history, family history, home/work environment - CORRECT
ANSWER - information to collect in asthma patients during the PPCP process
current asthma impairment and future risk - CORRECT ANSWER - 2 classifying factors
of asthma severity
current asthma impairment - CORRECT ANSWER - measured by frequency of symptoms,
use of short acting beta 2 agonists, frequency of night time awakenings, ability to engage in
normal activities, spirometry findings
Questions and CORRECT Answers
inflammation - CORRECT ANSWER - asthma is a heterogenous disease, usually
characterized by ___________
shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, chest tightness - CORRECT ANSWER - 4 main
symptoms of asthma
allergic asthma - CORRECT ANSWER - occurs when patients become symptomatic after
acute exposure to something to which they are allergic or during a specific season of the year
recurrent wheezing - CORRECT ANSWER - clinically significant periods of bronchial or
respiratory tract wheezing that is reversible or that is consistent with the clinical picture of
bronchospasm
60-80% - CORRECT ANSWER - genetics account for ___________ of susceptibility to
asthma
environmental factors for asthma susceptibility - CORRECT ANSWER - allergens, smoke,
chemicals/dust, or exposure to viral infections in early childhood or infancy
prematurity - CORRECT ANSWER - a risk factor for asthma in children less than 3 years
old
allergic asthma - CORRECT ANSWER - asthma that is most easily recognized, onset in
childhood, past and/or family history of allergy, eosinophilic inflammation
non-allergic asthma - CORRECT ANSWER - asthma that presents in adult age, not
associated with allergy
,adult late-onset asthma - CORRECT ANSWER - asthma that presents in adult age
(particularly women), tends to be non-allergic
asthma with persistant airflow limitation - CORRECT ANSWER - presents in patients
with long-standing asthma history, fixed airflow limitation due to remodeling
asthma with obesity - CORRECT ANSWER - presents in obese patients with asthma and
prominent respiratory symptoms, shows minimal eosinophilic inflammation
respiratory infections, allergens, environment, emotions, exercise, drugs, occupation -
CORRECT ANSWER - asthma triggers
expiratory airflow - CORRECT ANSWER - asthma diagnosis is based on identifying a
characteristic pattern of respiratory symptoms in the patient, and confirming the patient has
variable __________ ___________
typical asthma symptoms in patients older than 6 - CORRECT ANSWER - more than one
symptom of wheeze, SOB, cough, or chest tightness; symptoms worse at night or early AM,
symptoms vary over time, triggers of colds, exercise, allergens, weather change, laughter, or
irritants, often have worse symptoms with viral infections
typical asthma symptoms in children less than 5 - CORRECT ANSWER - symptoms of
cough, wheeze, heavy breathing for more than 10 days during upper respiratory tract infections;
more than 3 episodes per year with severe episodes or night worsening; cough, wheeze, or heavy
breathing with play or laughter between episodes; atopy or family history
atopic dermatitis, allergic shiners or crease, increased nasal secretions or polyps - CORRECT
ANSWER - physical exam indicators of asthma
variable expiratory airflow - CORRECT ANSWER - varies over time and magnitude to a
greater extent than a healthy population
, forced vital capacity - CORRECT ANSWER - FVC; the maximum amount of air exhaled
after a deep breath
forced expiratory volume in 1 second - CORRECT ANSWER - FEV1; how much air can
be forcefully exhaled in 1 second
FEV1/FVC ratio - CORRECT ANSWER - percent of the FVC exhaled in one second;
indicates airflow limitation
adults: 0.75-0.8
children usually less than 0.9 - CORRECT ANSWER - typical FEV1/FVC ratio
peak expiratory flow - CORRECT ANSWER - assesses maximal rate of flow; can be used
to confirm variability in home environment and assess control with therapy; less reliable than
FEV1
PFT variability consistent with asthma - CORRECT ANSWER - bronchodilator
reversibility; PEF variance over 2 weeks; FEV1 increase after therapy; excessive lung variation
FeNO - CORRECT ANSWER - measured concentration of NO in the exhaled breath; can
identify inflammation
patient characteristics, patient history, family history, home/work environment - CORRECT
ANSWER - information to collect in asthma patients during the PPCP process
current asthma impairment and future risk - CORRECT ANSWER - 2 classifying factors
of asthma severity
current asthma impairment - CORRECT ANSWER - measured by frequency of symptoms,
use of short acting beta 2 agonists, frequency of night time awakenings, ability to engage in
normal activities, spirometry findings
