TEST BANK FOR
Gordis Epidemiology 7th Edition Celentano
Chapter 01: Introduction
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which of the following is an example of tertiary prevention?
Vaccination for rotavirus for children younger than the age of 1 year
Surgical amputation of an extremity with osteosarcoma (bone cancer)
Screening for gestational diabetes after 24 weeks of pregnancy
Sexual education program in elementary schools
Increasing taxes for buying cigarettes ANS: B
Surgical amputation of an extremity with osteosarcoma (bone cancer) is an example in which when a disease is
present the treatment (amputation) is done to reduce the impact of disease by preventing the tumor from
dissemination. Vaccination for rotavirus for children younger than the age of 1 year, sexual education program
in elementary schools, and increasing taxes for buying cigarettes represent examples of primary prevention.
Screening for gestational diabetes after 24 weeks of pregnancy is an example of secondary prevention.
This historic character ob s erv edNtU
haRt S
chIilN
dbGeT
dBfe.
veCr O
mMortalit y was more common among women treated
by physicians and medical students compared with women treated by midwives. Based on his
observations, he implemented a hand wash policy that resulted in a decrease in mortality. Name the
character that we are talking about.
John Snow
Edward Jenner
D.A. Henderson
Leon Gordis
Ignaz Semmelweis ANS: E
Ignaz Semmelweis identified that medical students and physicians transmitted the disease by not washing their
hands after examining bodies at autopsies and conducting multiple examinations in the clinic.
Thanks to the contributions of Edward Jenner, the following disease was eradicated later by efforts
organized by D.A. Henderson:
Cholera
Smallpox
Chickenpox
Polio
NURSINGBYTES
,Zika
ANS: B
Smallpox was eradicated in 1980. Edward Jenner vaccinated James Phipps in 1796 against smallpox. Almost
200 years later, the World Health Organization (WHO) commissioned
D.A. Henderson to lead the efforts to eradicate the disease.
Over the past century, a marked decline in the mortality rates of many infectious diseases has been
observed. Which of the following is the most likely reason for the observed decline in mortality rates
from common infectious diseases?
Development of penicillin
Development of insulin
Development of vaccines
Improvement in social conditions
Worse sanitation and unsafe water ANS: D
Although medical treatments potentially helped in the decrease of infectious diseases, the advancement in social
conditions played a major role. These improvements include better sanitation, safe disposal of waste, better
nutrition, and improvement in housing conditions.
Chapter 02: The Dynamics of Disease Transmission
Celentano: Gordis Epidemiology, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE
NURSINGBYTES
,Which term most accurately describes the following definition? “The occurrence in a community or
region of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health- related events clearly in
excess of normal expectancy.” [Porta M, ed. A Dictionary of Epidemiology. New York: Oxford
University Press; 2014.]
Endemic
Epidemic
Pandemic
Attack rate
Incubation period ANS: B
An epidemic is the occurrence of health-related events in a community or region, in clear excess of
normal expectation. Endemic is not true because it is defined as the constant occurrence of a disease,
disorder, or noxious infectious agent in a geographic area or
population group. Pandemic is not true because it is defined as an epidemic occurring over a very wide
N R I G B.C
area, crossing internationUal bSo u nNd a rTi e s , andOusually affecting a large number of
people. Attack rate is not true because it is defined as number of people at risk in whom a certain illness
develops over total number of people at risk. Incubation period is not true because it is the interval from receipt
of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the onset of recognizable symptoms).
What is the most accurate definition of the incubation period (of an infectious disease)?
The time of onset of clinical illness or the onset of recognizable symptoms
The interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the onset of recognizable
symptoms)
The time of invasion by an infectious agent
The time between initiation of infection and first shedding or excretion of the agent
The period between exposure and the onset of infectiousness ANS: B
The incubation period is defined as the interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness
(the onset of recognizable symptoms); in other words, the time between the moment of developing symptoms
and the moment of invasion by an infectious agent. “The time of onset of clinical illness or the onset of
recognizable symptoms” is not true as it corresponds to “time of onset.” “The time of invasion by an infectious
agent” is not true as it corresponds to “time of infection.” “The time between initiation of infection and first
shedding or excretion of the agent” and “The period between exposure and the onset of infectiousness” are not
true as they correspond to the latent period. (The latent period is
NURSINGBYTES
, focusing on the onset of infectiousness, but the incubation period is focusing on the onset of the symptom.)
There was a food poisoning outbreak on April 1, 2018, at the City Z Food Safety Conference. There
were 1,000 people registered for the conference with luncheon, 100 volunteers to host attendees, and
50 people who served the luncheon during the conference. Except for 50 people who served the food,
all of the participants and volunteers ate the food from the luncheon at the conference on April 1, 2018.
Based only on the information given in this question, how many people are at risk in this food
poisoning outbreak?
1,000
1,100
1,150
150
50 ANS: B
People at risk in this outbreak are people who were exposed to the food at the conference. Even though 1,150
people were at the conference, 50 people who served the food did not eat the food. Therefore we have to exclude
those 50 people.
There was a food poisoning outbreak on April 1, 2018, at the City Z Food Safety Conference. There
were 1,000 people registered for the conference with luncheon, 100 volunteers to host attendees, and 50
people who served the luncheon during the conference.
Except for 50 people who served N eR
t hU odI
foS alG
,N l oTf B
th.
eCp aOr tM
i c i p a n t s and volunteers ate the food from the luncheon at
the conference on April 1, 2018. After an initial outbreak of food
poisoning is reported, an epidemiologist sends surveys to all people at risk to investigate the cause. However,
only 900 people among those at risk answer the survey. After analysis of 900 survey results, the epidemiologist
concludes that the most suspected foods in the outbreak are pepperoni pizza and meatball spaghetti. What is the
overall attack rate for those who ate meatball spaghetti? Use the following table to answer the question.
Summary of Survey Responses
Number of people who Number of people who ate the
developed the case definition food
symptoms
Pepperoni pizza only 113 275
Meatball spaghetti only 62 375
Both pepperoni pizza and 57 150
meatball spaghetti
Neither of pepperoni pizza or 10 100
meatball spaghetti
41%
38%
27%
NURSINGBYTES
Gordis Epidemiology 7th Edition Celentano
Chapter 01: Introduction
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Which of the following is an example of tertiary prevention?
Vaccination for rotavirus for children younger than the age of 1 year
Surgical amputation of an extremity with osteosarcoma (bone cancer)
Screening for gestational diabetes after 24 weeks of pregnancy
Sexual education program in elementary schools
Increasing taxes for buying cigarettes ANS: B
Surgical amputation of an extremity with osteosarcoma (bone cancer) is an example in which when a disease is
present the treatment (amputation) is done to reduce the impact of disease by preventing the tumor from
dissemination. Vaccination for rotavirus for children younger than the age of 1 year, sexual education program
in elementary schools, and increasing taxes for buying cigarettes represent examples of primary prevention.
Screening for gestational diabetes after 24 weeks of pregnancy is an example of secondary prevention.
This historic character ob s erv edNtU
haRt S
chIilN
dbGeT
dBfe.
veCr O
mMortalit y was more common among women treated
by physicians and medical students compared with women treated by midwives. Based on his
observations, he implemented a hand wash policy that resulted in a decrease in mortality. Name the
character that we are talking about.
John Snow
Edward Jenner
D.A. Henderson
Leon Gordis
Ignaz Semmelweis ANS: E
Ignaz Semmelweis identified that medical students and physicians transmitted the disease by not washing their
hands after examining bodies at autopsies and conducting multiple examinations in the clinic.
Thanks to the contributions of Edward Jenner, the following disease was eradicated later by efforts
organized by D.A. Henderson:
Cholera
Smallpox
Chickenpox
Polio
NURSINGBYTES
,Zika
ANS: B
Smallpox was eradicated in 1980. Edward Jenner vaccinated James Phipps in 1796 against smallpox. Almost
200 years later, the World Health Organization (WHO) commissioned
D.A. Henderson to lead the efforts to eradicate the disease.
Over the past century, a marked decline in the mortality rates of many infectious diseases has been
observed. Which of the following is the most likely reason for the observed decline in mortality rates
from common infectious diseases?
Development of penicillin
Development of insulin
Development of vaccines
Improvement in social conditions
Worse sanitation and unsafe water ANS: D
Although medical treatments potentially helped in the decrease of infectious diseases, the advancement in social
conditions played a major role. These improvements include better sanitation, safe disposal of waste, better
nutrition, and improvement in housing conditions.
Chapter 02: The Dynamics of Disease Transmission
Celentano: Gordis Epidemiology, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE
NURSINGBYTES
,Which term most accurately describes the following definition? “The occurrence in a community or
region of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health- related events clearly in
excess of normal expectancy.” [Porta M, ed. A Dictionary of Epidemiology. New York: Oxford
University Press; 2014.]
Endemic
Epidemic
Pandemic
Attack rate
Incubation period ANS: B
An epidemic is the occurrence of health-related events in a community or region, in clear excess of
normal expectation. Endemic is not true because it is defined as the constant occurrence of a disease,
disorder, or noxious infectious agent in a geographic area or
population group. Pandemic is not true because it is defined as an epidemic occurring over a very wide
N R I G B.C
area, crossing internationUal bSo u nNd a rTi e s , andOusually affecting a large number of
people. Attack rate is not true because it is defined as number of people at risk in whom a certain illness
develops over total number of people at risk. Incubation period is not true because it is the interval from receipt
of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the onset of recognizable symptoms).
What is the most accurate definition of the incubation period (of an infectious disease)?
The time of onset of clinical illness or the onset of recognizable symptoms
The interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the onset of recognizable
symptoms)
The time of invasion by an infectious agent
The time between initiation of infection and first shedding or excretion of the agent
The period between exposure and the onset of infectiousness ANS: B
The incubation period is defined as the interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness
(the onset of recognizable symptoms); in other words, the time between the moment of developing symptoms
and the moment of invasion by an infectious agent. “The time of onset of clinical illness or the onset of
recognizable symptoms” is not true as it corresponds to “time of onset.” “The time of invasion by an infectious
agent” is not true as it corresponds to “time of infection.” “The time between initiation of infection and first
shedding or excretion of the agent” and “The period between exposure and the onset of infectiousness” are not
true as they correspond to the latent period. (The latent period is
NURSINGBYTES
, focusing on the onset of infectiousness, but the incubation period is focusing on the onset of the symptom.)
There was a food poisoning outbreak on April 1, 2018, at the City Z Food Safety Conference. There
were 1,000 people registered for the conference with luncheon, 100 volunteers to host attendees, and
50 people who served the luncheon during the conference. Except for 50 people who served the food,
all of the participants and volunteers ate the food from the luncheon at the conference on April 1, 2018.
Based only on the information given in this question, how many people are at risk in this food
poisoning outbreak?
1,000
1,100
1,150
150
50 ANS: B
People at risk in this outbreak are people who were exposed to the food at the conference. Even though 1,150
people were at the conference, 50 people who served the food did not eat the food. Therefore we have to exclude
those 50 people.
There was a food poisoning outbreak on April 1, 2018, at the City Z Food Safety Conference. There
were 1,000 people registered for the conference with luncheon, 100 volunteers to host attendees, and 50
people who served the luncheon during the conference.
Except for 50 people who served N eR
t hU odI
foS alG
,N l oTf B
th.
eCp aOr tM
i c i p a n t s and volunteers ate the food from the luncheon at
the conference on April 1, 2018. After an initial outbreak of food
poisoning is reported, an epidemiologist sends surveys to all people at risk to investigate the cause. However,
only 900 people among those at risk answer the survey. After analysis of 900 survey results, the epidemiologist
concludes that the most suspected foods in the outbreak are pepperoni pizza and meatball spaghetti. What is the
overall attack rate for those who ate meatball spaghetti? Use the following table to answer the question.
Summary of Survey Responses
Number of people who Number of people who ate the
developed the case definition food
symptoms
Pepperoni pizza only 113 275
Meatball spaghetti only 62 375
Both pepperoni pizza and 57 150
meatball spaghetti
Neither of pepperoni pizza or 10 100
meatball spaghetti
41%
38%
27%
NURSINGBYTES
