NR 442 community UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
public health goal - CORRECT ANSWER - preserve health of the community and
surrounding populations by focusing on health promotion and health maintenance of individuals,
families, and groups within the community.
Community - CORRECT ANSWER - A group of or collection of individuals interacting in
social units and sharing common interests, characteristics, values and goals.
- PRIMARY FOCUS OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
System/group Level of Practice Example - CORRECT ANSWER - community health
nurse working with the state health department and federal vaccine program to coordinate a
response to an outbreak of measles in a migrant population.
Community/Population Level of Practice Example - CORRECT ANSWER - public health
nurses working with area high schools to give each student a profile of his or her health to
promote nutritional and physical activity lifestyle changes to improve the student's health.
Individual Level of Practice Example - CORRECT ANSWER - nurse receives a referral to
care for an individual with a diagnosed mental illness who would require regular monitoring of
his medication compliance to prevent rehospitalization
Core Functions of Public Health - CORRECT ANSWER - - assessment
- policy development
- assurance of availability
Primary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - - prevention of problem before it occurs
- immunization
Secondary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - - early detection and intervention
,- screening for an STD
- for diseases that can be controlled
Tertiary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - - correction and prevention of deterioration
of a disease state
- teaching insulin administration at home
What is the main focus of Public Health? - CORRECT ANSWER - PREVENTION
What has the greatest influence on Community Health? - CORRECT ANSWER -
behavioral choices
What are the 3 elements of the Epidemiology Triangle? - CORRECT ANSWER - - agent
- host
- environment
Epidemiology Triangle - CORRECT ANSWER - - depends on the extent of the host's
exposure to an agent, the strength or virulence of the agent, and the host's genetic or
immunological susceptibility.
- also depends on the environmental conditions existing at the time of exposure
Incidence Rate - CORRECT ANSWER - describe the occurrence of new cases of a disease
or condition in a community over a period of time relative to the size of the population at risk for
that disease or condition during that same time period. ex) detecting short term chances in acute
diseases like the flu
Prevalence Rate - CORRECT ANSWER - the number of all cases of a specific disease or
condition in a population at a given point in time relative to the population at the same point in
time. Increase of incidence rate increase prevalence rate.
, Endemic - CORRECT ANSWER - Diseases that are always present in a population (e.g.,
colds and pneumonia)
Epidemic - CORRECT ANSWER - Diseases that are not always present in a population
but flare up on occasion (e.g., diphtheria and measles)
Pandemic - CORRECT ANSWER - The existence of disease in a large proportion of the
population: a global epidemic (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome, and annual outbreaks of influenza type A)
Chronic vs Acute (prevalence) - CORRECT ANSWER - chronic always has a higher
prevalence than acute disease
Passive Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - - natural contact with antibody
- hep a --) immunoglobin
- through blood or plasma
EXAMPLE: Infant born with temporary antibodies to measles. Temporary or through colostrum
and breast milk
Active-natural Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - - Natural contact and infection with the
antigen
- acquiring measles
Leading Cause of Preventable Death - CORRECT ANSWER - - smoking
- alcohol
- lifestyle choices
Herd Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - those not immune to an infectious agent are
protected if a certain proportion of the population has been vaccinated or is otherwise immune
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
public health goal - CORRECT ANSWER - preserve health of the community and
surrounding populations by focusing on health promotion and health maintenance of individuals,
families, and groups within the community.
Community - CORRECT ANSWER - A group of or collection of individuals interacting in
social units and sharing common interests, characteristics, values and goals.
- PRIMARY FOCUS OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
System/group Level of Practice Example - CORRECT ANSWER - community health
nurse working with the state health department and federal vaccine program to coordinate a
response to an outbreak of measles in a migrant population.
Community/Population Level of Practice Example - CORRECT ANSWER - public health
nurses working with area high schools to give each student a profile of his or her health to
promote nutritional and physical activity lifestyle changes to improve the student's health.
Individual Level of Practice Example - CORRECT ANSWER - nurse receives a referral to
care for an individual with a diagnosed mental illness who would require regular monitoring of
his medication compliance to prevent rehospitalization
Core Functions of Public Health - CORRECT ANSWER - - assessment
- policy development
- assurance of availability
Primary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - - prevention of problem before it occurs
- immunization
Secondary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - - early detection and intervention
,- screening for an STD
- for diseases that can be controlled
Tertiary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - - correction and prevention of deterioration
of a disease state
- teaching insulin administration at home
What is the main focus of Public Health? - CORRECT ANSWER - PREVENTION
What has the greatest influence on Community Health? - CORRECT ANSWER -
behavioral choices
What are the 3 elements of the Epidemiology Triangle? - CORRECT ANSWER - - agent
- host
- environment
Epidemiology Triangle - CORRECT ANSWER - - depends on the extent of the host's
exposure to an agent, the strength or virulence of the agent, and the host's genetic or
immunological susceptibility.
- also depends on the environmental conditions existing at the time of exposure
Incidence Rate - CORRECT ANSWER - describe the occurrence of new cases of a disease
or condition in a community over a period of time relative to the size of the population at risk for
that disease or condition during that same time period. ex) detecting short term chances in acute
diseases like the flu
Prevalence Rate - CORRECT ANSWER - the number of all cases of a specific disease or
condition in a population at a given point in time relative to the population at the same point in
time. Increase of incidence rate increase prevalence rate.
, Endemic - CORRECT ANSWER - Diseases that are always present in a population (e.g.,
colds and pneumonia)
Epidemic - CORRECT ANSWER - Diseases that are not always present in a population
but flare up on occasion (e.g., diphtheria and measles)
Pandemic - CORRECT ANSWER - The existence of disease in a large proportion of the
population: a global epidemic (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome, and annual outbreaks of influenza type A)
Chronic vs Acute (prevalence) - CORRECT ANSWER - chronic always has a higher
prevalence than acute disease
Passive Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - - natural contact with antibody
- hep a --) immunoglobin
- through blood or plasma
EXAMPLE: Infant born with temporary antibodies to measles. Temporary or through colostrum
and breast milk
Active-natural Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - - Natural contact and infection with the
antigen
- acquiring measles
Leading Cause of Preventable Death - CORRECT ANSWER - - smoking
- alcohol
- lifestyle choices
Herd Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - those not immune to an infectious agent are
protected if a certain proportion of the population has been vaccinated or is otherwise immune
