HESI Pharmacology Final Practice

HESI Pharmacology Final Practice
A68client68is68receiving68clonidine68(Catapres)680.168mg/24hr68via68transdermal68patch
.68Which68assessment68finding68indicates68that68the68desired68effect68of68the68medica
tion68has68been68achieved?
68A.68Client68denies68recent68episodes68of68angina.
68B.68Change68in68peripheral68edema68from68+368to68+1.
68C.68Client68denies68recent68nausea68or68vomiting.
D.68Blood68pressure68has68changed68from68180/12068to68140/70.68Correct68-
68Catapres68acts68as68a68centrally-
acting68analgesic68and68antihypertensive68agent.68(D)68indicates68a68reduction68in68h
ypertension.68Catapres68does68not68affect68(A,68B,68or68C),68so68these68findings68do68
not68indicate68desired68outcomes68of68Catapres

After68abdominal68surgery,68a68male68client68is68prescribed68low68molecular68weight68
heparin68(LMWH).68During68administration68of68the68medication,68the68client68asks68th
e68nurse68why68he68is68receiving68this68medication.68Which68is68the68best68response6
8for68the68nurse68to68provide?
68A.68This68medication68is68a68blood68thinner68given68to68prevent68blood68clot68formation.68C
orrect
68B.68This68medication68enhances68antibiotics68to68prevent68infection.
68C.68This68medication68dissolves68any68clots68that68develop68in68the68legs.68Incorrect
68D.68This68abdominal68injection68assists68in68the68healing68of68the68abdominal68wound
.68-
68Unfractionated68heparin68or68low68molecular68weight68heparin68(LMWH)68is68an68anti
coagulant68that68inhibits68thrombin-
mediated68conversion68of68fibrinogen68to68fibrin68and68is68given68prophylactically68to68p
revent68postoperative68venous68thrombosis68(A)68or68to68treat68pulmonary68embolism68
or68deep68vein68thrombosis68following68knee68and68abdominal68surgeries.68Heparin68d
oes68not68dissolve68clots68but68prevents68clot68extension68or68further68clot68formation68(
C).68The68anticoagulant68heparin68does68not68prevent68infection68(B)68or68influence68op
erative68wound68healing68(D).

A68client68with68coronary68artery68disease68who68is68taking68digoxin68(Lanoxin)68receive
s68a68new68prescription68for68atorvastatin68(Lipitor).68Two68weeks68after68initiation68of68t
he68Lipitor68prescription,68the68nurse68assesses68the68client.68Which68finding68requires68
the68most68immediate68intervention?
68A.68Heartburn.
68B.68Headache.
68C.68Constipation.
68D.68Vomiting.68Correct68-
68Vomiting,68anorexia68and68abdominal68pain68are68early68indications68of68digitalis68toxi
city.68Since68Lipitor68increases68the68risk68for68digitalis68toxicity,68this68finding68requires6
8the68most68immediate68intervention68by68the68nurse68(D).68(A,68B68and68C)68are68expe
cted68side68effects68of68Lipitor

A68client68with68heart68failure68is68prescribed68spironolactone68(Aldactone).68Which68info
rmation68is68most68important68for68the68nurse68to68provide68to68the68client68about68diet68
modifications?
68Do68not68add68salt68to68foods68during68preparation.

,68Refrain68for68eating68foods68high68in68potassium.68Correct
68Restrict68fluid68intake68to68100068ml68per68day.

,68Increase68intake68of68milk68and68milk68products.68-
68Spironolactone68(Aldactone),68an68aldosterone68antagonist,68is68a68potassium-
sparing68diuretic,68so68a68diet68high68in68potassium68should68be68avoided68(B),68includin
g68potassium68salt68substitutes,68which68can68lead68to68hyperkalemia.
Although68(A)68is68a68common68diet68modification68in68heart68failure,68the68risk68of68hy
perkalemia68is68more68important68with68Aldactone.68Restriction68of68fluids68(C)68or68in
creasing68milk68and68milk68products68(D)68are68not68indicated68with68this68prescriptio
n.

A68client68with68a68dysrhythmia68is68to68receive68procainamide68(Pronestyl)68in68468div
ided68doses68over68the68next682468hours.68What68dosing68schedule68is68best68for68th
e68nurse68to68implement?
68q6h.68Correct
68QID.
68AC68and68bedtime.
68PC68and68bedtime.68-
68Pronestyl68is68a68class681A68antidysrhythmic.68It68should68be68taken68around-68the-
clock68(A)68so68that68a68stable68blood68level68of68the68drug68can68be68maintained,68there
by68decreasing68the68possibility68of68hypotension68(an68adverse68effect)68occurring68bec
ause68of68too68much68of68the68drug68circulating68systemically68at68any68particular68time6
8of68day.68(B,68C,68and68D)68do68not68provide68an68around-the-
clock68dosing68schedule.68Pronestyl68may68be68given68with68food68if68GI68distress68is68a6
8problem,68but68an68around-the-clock68schedule68should68still68be68maintained.


A68client68who68was68prescribed68atorvastatin68(Lipitor)68one68month68ago68calls68the68tr
iage68nurse68at68the68clinic68complaining68of68muscle68pain68and68weakness68in68his68l
egs.68Which68statement68reflects68the68correct68drug-
specific68teaching68the68nurse68should68provide68to68this68client?


A.68Increase68consumption68of68potassium-
rich68foods68since68low68potassium68levels68can68cause68muscle68spasms.


B.68Have68serum68electrolytes68checked68at68the68next68scheduled68appointment68to68asses
s68hyponatremia,68a68cause68of68cramping.


C.68Make68an68appointment68to68see68the68healthcare68provider,68because68muscle68pa
in68may68be68an68indication68of68a68serious68side68effect.68Correct


D.68Be68sure68to68consume68a68low-
cholesterol68diet68while68taking68the68drug68to68enhance68the68effectiveness68of68the68dr
ug.68-
68Myopathy,68suggested68by68the68leg68pain68and68weakness,68is68a68serious,68and68pot
entially68life-
threatening,68complication68of68Lipitor,68and68should68be68evaluated68immediately68by68t
he68healthcare68provider68(C).68Although68electrolyte68imbalances68such68as68(A68or68B)
68can68cause68muscle68spasms68in68some68cases,68this68is68not68the68likely68cause68of68
leg68pain68in68the68client68receiving68Lipitor,68and68evaluation68by68the68healthcare68prov

, ider68should68not68be68delayed68for68any68reason.68A68low-
cholesterol68diet68is68recommended68for68those68taking68Lipitor68since68the68drug68is68u
sed68to68lower68total68cholesterol68(D),68but68diet68is68not68related68to68the68leg68pain68sy
mptom.