TEST BANK f5
RADIATION PROTECTION IN MEDICALRADIOGRAPHY 9TH EDITION
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By Mary Alice Statkiewicz Sherer
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, TABLE OF CONTENT f5 f5
Chapter 1. Introduction to Radiation Protection
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Chapter 2. Radiation: Types, Sources, and Doses Received
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Chapter 3. Interaction of X-Radiation with Matter
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Chapter 4. Radiation Quantities and Units
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Chapter 5. Radiation Monitoring
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Chapter 6. Overview of Cell Biology
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Chapter 7. Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology
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Chapter 8. Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems Chapte
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r 9. Stochastic Effects and Late Tissue Reactions of Radiation in OrganSystem
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s
Chapter 10. Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
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Chapter 11. Equipment Design for Radiation Protection
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Chapter 12. Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-
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RayProcedures
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Chapter 13. Radiation Safety in Computed Tomography and Mammography
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Chapter 14. Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose During Diag
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nostic X-Ray Procedures
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Chapter 15. Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
Chapter 01: Introduction to Radiation Protection
f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5
Sherer: Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography, 9th Edition
f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f 5
MULTIPLE CHOICE f5
1. Consequences of ionization in human cells include f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f 5
1. creation of unstable atoms. f5 f5 f5
2. production of free electrons. f 5 f5 f5
3. creation of highly reactive free molecules (called free radicals) capable of producingsub
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f
stances poisonous to the cell.
f 5 f 5 f5 f5
4. creation of new biologic molecules detrimental to the living cell.
f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5
5. injury to the cell that may manifest itself as abnormal function or loss of function.
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f5 f 5 f 5 f5 f5 f5
6. production of low-energy x-ray photons. f5 f5 f5 f5
a. 1, 2, 3, and 4 only
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b. 2, 3, 4, and 5 only
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
c. 3, 4, 5, and 6 only
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
d. All the options f5 f5
ANS: D f5
,2. Which of the following is a form of radiation that is capable of creating electrically charged
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f
particles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter through which it passe
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
s?
a. Ionizing radiation f5
b. Nonionizing radiation f5
c. Subatomic radiation f5
d. Ultrasonic radiation f5
ANS: A f5
3. Regarding exposure to ionizing radiation, patients who are educated to understand the medi
f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5
calbenefit of an imaging procedure are more likely to
5f f 5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5
a. assume a small chance of biologic damage but not suppress any radiation phobiathe
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f
y may have. f5 f5
b. cancel their scheduled procedure because they are not willing to assume a sm
f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5
allchance of biologic damage.
5f f5 f5 f5
c. suppress any radiation phobia but not risk a small chance of possible biolog
f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5f5
icdamage. 5f
d. suppress any radiation phobia and be willing to assume a small chance of possibl
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f 5 f5
ebiologic damage. 5f f5
ANS: D f5
4. The millisievert (mSv) is equal to
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
a. 1/10 of a sievert. f5 f5 f5
b. 1/100 of a sievert. f5 f5 f5
c. 1/1000 of a sievert. f5 f5 f5
d. 1/10,000 of a sievert. f5 f5 f5
ANS: C f5
5. The advantages of the BERT method are
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
1. BERT does not imply radiation risk; it is simply a means for comparison.
f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5
2. BERT emphasizes that radiation is an innate part of the environment.
f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5
3. BERT provides an answer that is easy for the patient to comprehend.
f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5
a. 1 and 2 only f5 f5 f5
b. 1 and 3 only f5 f5 f5
c. 2 and 3 only f5 f5 f5
d. All the options f5 f5
ANS: D f5
6. If a patient asks a radiographer a question about how much radiation he or she will receivefro
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f
m a specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer can
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a. respond by using an estimation based on the comparison of radiation received fro
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f 5
mthe x-ray to natural background radiation received.
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b. avoid the patient’s question by changing the subject.
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
c. tell the patient that it is unethical to discuss such concerns.
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
d. refuse to answer the question and recommend that he or she speak with t
f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
hereferring physician. 5f f 5
ANS: A f5
7. Why should the selection of technical exposure factors for all medical imaging procedu
f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5
resalways follow ALARA?
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a. So that referring physicians ordering imaging procedures do not have to acceptr
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f
esponsibility for patient radiation safety. f 5 f5 f 5 f 5
b. So that radiographers and radiologists do not have to accept responsibility for
f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5
, patient radiation safety. f5 f5
c. Because radiation- f5
induced cancer does not appear to have a fixed threshold, that is,a dose level be
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low which a person would have no chance of developing this disease.
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d. Because radiation- f5
induced cancer does have a dose level at which individualswould have a c
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hance of developing this disease. f 5 f5 f 5 f5
ANS: C f5
8. The cardinal principles of radiation protection include which of the following?
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
a. Time
b. Distance
c. Shielding
d. All the options f5 f5
ANS: D f5
9. In a hospital setting, which of the following professionals is expressly charged by the hospi
f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f5 f5
taladministration with being directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and mainte
5f f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
nance of the ALARA program?
f5 f5 f5 f5
a. Assistant administrator of the facility f5 f 5 f5 f5
b. Chief of staff f5 f5
c. Radiation Safety Officer f5 f5
d. Student radiologic technologist f5 f5
ANS: C f5
10. Why is a question concerning the amount of radiation a patient will receive during a specifi
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f 5 f5 f5
cx-ray procedure difficult to answer?
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1. Because the received dose is specified in a number of different units of measure.
f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f 5 f5
2. Because the scientific units for radiation dose are normally not comprehensible by a patie
f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f5
nt.
3. Because the patient should not receive any information about radiation dose.
f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5
a. 1 and 2 only f5 f5 f5
b. 1 and 3 only f5 f5 f5
c. 2 and 3 only f5 f5 f5
d. All the options f5 f5
ANS: A f5
11. X-rays are a form of which of the following kinds of radiation?
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
a. Environmental
b. Ionizing
c. Internal
d. Nonionizing
ANS: B f5
12. What unit is used to measure radiation exposure in the metric International System of Units?
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f5 f5
a. Coulomb per kilogram f5 f5
b. Milligray
c. Millisievert
d. Sievert
ANS: A f5
13. What organization was founded in 2007 that continues their pursuit to raise awareness of th
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
eneed for dose reduction protocols by promoting pediatric-
5f f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
specified scan protocols to be usedfor both radiology and non-radiology users of CT?
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f5
RADIATION PROTECTION IN MEDICALRADIOGRAPHY 9TH EDITION
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
By Mary Alice Statkiewicz Sherer
f5 f5 f5 f5
, TABLE OF CONTENT f5 f5
Chapter 1. Introduction to Radiation Protection
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
Chapter 2. Radiation: Types, Sources, and Doses Received
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f
Chapter 3. Interaction of X-Radiation with Matter
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
Chapter 4. Radiation Quantities and Units
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f
Chapter 5. Radiation Monitoring
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Chapter 6. Overview of Cell Biology
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Chapter 7. Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology
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Chapter 8. Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems Chapte
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
r 9. Stochastic Effects and Late Tissue Reactions of Radiation in OrganSystem
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5
f
s
Chapter 10. Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
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f
Chapter 11. Equipment Design for Radiation Protection
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f f5 f5 f5
Chapter 12. Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
RayProcedures
5
f
Chapter 13. Radiation Safety in Computed Tomography and Mammography
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f
Chapter 14. Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose During Diag
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nostic X-Ray Procedures
f5 f5
Chapter 15. Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
Chapter 01: Introduction to Radiation Protection
f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5
Sherer: Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography, 9th Edition
f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f 5
MULTIPLE CHOICE f5
1. Consequences of ionization in human cells include f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f 5
1. creation of unstable atoms. f5 f5 f5
2. production of free electrons. f 5 f5 f5
3. creation of highly reactive free molecules (called free radicals) capable of producingsub
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f
stances poisonous to the cell.
f 5 f 5 f5 f5
4. creation of new biologic molecules detrimental to the living cell.
f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5
5. injury to the cell that may manifest itself as abnormal function or loss of function.
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f5 f 5 f 5 f5 f5 f5
6. production of low-energy x-ray photons. f5 f5 f5 f5
a. 1, 2, 3, and 4 only
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b. 2, 3, 4, and 5 only
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
c. 3, 4, 5, and 6 only
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
d. All the options f5 f5
ANS: D f5
,2. Which of the following is a form of radiation that is capable of creating electrically charged
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f
particles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter through which it passe
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
s?
a. Ionizing radiation f5
b. Nonionizing radiation f5
c. Subatomic radiation f5
d. Ultrasonic radiation f5
ANS: A f5
3. Regarding exposure to ionizing radiation, patients who are educated to understand the medi
f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5
calbenefit of an imaging procedure are more likely to
5f f 5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5
a. assume a small chance of biologic damage but not suppress any radiation phobiathe
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f
y may have. f5 f5
b. cancel their scheduled procedure because they are not willing to assume a sm
f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5
allchance of biologic damage.
5f f5 f5 f5
c. suppress any radiation phobia but not risk a small chance of possible biolog
f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5f5
icdamage. 5f
d. suppress any radiation phobia and be willing to assume a small chance of possibl
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f 5 f5
ebiologic damage. 5f f5
ANS: D f5
4. The millisievert (mSv) is equal to
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
a. 1/10 of a sievert. f5 f5 f5
b. 1/100 of a sievert. f5 f5 f5
c. 1/1000 of a sievert. f5 f5 f5
d. 1/10,000 of a sievert. f5 f5 f5
ANS: C f5
5. The advantages of the BERT method are
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
1. BERT does not imply radiation risk; it is simply a means for comparison.
f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5
2. BERT emphasizes that radiation is an innate part of the environment.
f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5
3. BERT provides an answer that is easy for the patient to comprehend.
f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5
a. 1 and 2 only f5 f5 f5
b. 1 and 3 only f5 f5 f5
c. 2 and 3 only f5 f5 f5
d. All the options f5 f5
ANS: D f5
6. If a patient asks a radiographer a question about how much radiation he or she will receivefro
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f
m a specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer can
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5
a. respond by using an estimation based on the comparison of radiation received fro
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f 5
mthe x-ray to natural background radiation received.
5f f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f 5
b. avoid the patient’s question by changing the subject.
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
c. tell the patient that it is unethical to discuss such concerns.
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
d. refuse to answer the question and recommend that he or she speak with t
f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
hereferring physician. 5f f 5
ANS: A f5
7. Why should the selection of technical exposure factors for all medical imaging procedu
f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5
resalways follow ALARA?
5f f 5 f5
a. So that referring physicians ordering imaging procedures do not have to acceptr
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f
esponsibility for patient radiation safety. f 5 f5 f 5 f 5
b. So that radiographers and radiologists do not have to accept responsibility for
f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5
, patient radiation safety. f5 f5
c. Because radiation- f5
induced cancer does not appear to have a fixed threshold, that is,a dose level be
5f f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f5 5f f5 f5 f5
low which a person would have no chance of developing this disease.
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
d. Because radiation- f5
induced cancer does have a dose level at which individualswould have a c
5f f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 5f f 5 f5 f5
hance of developing this disease. f 5 f5 f 5 f5
ANS: C f5
8. The cardinal principles of radiation protection include which of the following?
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
a. Time
b. Distance
c. Shielding
d. All the options f5 f5
ANS: D f5
9. In a hospital setting, which of the following professionals is expressly charged by the hospi
f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f5 f5
taladministration with being directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and mainte
5f f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
nance of the ALARA program?
f5 f5 f5 f5
a. Assistant administrator of the facility f5 f 5 f5 f5
b. Chief of staff f5 f5
c. Radiation Safety Officer f5 f5
d. Student radiologic technologist f5 f5
ANS: C f5
10. Why is a question concerning the amount of radiation a patient will receive during a specifi
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f 5 f5 f5
cx-ray procedure difficult to answer?
5f f5 f5 f5 f5
1. Because the received dose is specified in a number of different units of measure.
f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f 5 f5
2. Because the scientific units for radiation dose are normally not comprehensible by a patie
f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f5
nt.
3. Because the patient should not receive any information about radiation dose.
f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5
a. 1 and 2 only f5 f5 f5
b. 1 and 3 only f5 f5 f5
c. 2 and 3 only f5 f5 f5
d. All the options f5 f5
ANS: A f5
11. X-rays are a form of which of the following kinds of radiation?
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
a. Environmental
b. Ionizing
c. Internal
d. Nonionizing
ANS: B f5
12. What unit is used to measure radiation exposure in the metric International System of Units?
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f5 f5 f5 f 5 f 5 f5 f5
a. Coulomb per kilogram f5 f5
b. Milligray
c. Millisievert
d. Sievert
ANS: A f5
13. What organization was founded in 2007 that continues their pursuit to raise awareness of th
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
eneed for dose reduction protocols by promoting pediatric-
5f f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 f5
specified scan protocols to be usedfor both radiology and non-radiology users of CT?
f5 f5 f5 f5 f5 5f f5 f5 f 5 f5 f 5 f5 f5
