NURS 214 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
10 traps of interviewing Correct Answers Providing false
assurance or reassurance
Giving unwanted advice,
Using authority
Using avoidance language
Distancing
Using professional jargon
Using leading or biased questions
Talking too much
Interrupting
Using "why" questions
4 levels of experience Correct Answers -Novice· : no
experience with a specified patient population and uses rules to
guide performance.
-Competency: takes 2 to 3 years in similar clinical situations, in
which you see actions in the context of patient goals or plans of
care.
-Proficient: understands a pt situation as a whole rather than as a
list of tasks. Sees long-term goals for the pt. Understands how
today's interventions will help the patient in the future.
-Expert: vault over the steps and arrive at a clinical judgment in
one leap. Has an intuitive grasp of a clinical situation and zeroes
in on the accurate solution.
,4 Major Components of Diagnostic Reasoning Correct Answers
Attending to initially available cues
-What is a cue? A piece of information: a sign or symptom (s/s),
lab data, imaging data, etc.
Formulating diagnostic hypotheses
-What is a hypothesis? Tentative explanation for a cue/set of
cues, Can be used as basis for further investigation
Gathering data relative to the hypotheses
Evaluating each hypothesis with the new data collected
5 steps to EBP Correct Answers o Ask the question
o Acquire sources of evidence
o Appraise and synthesize evidence
o Apply relevant evidence in practice
o Assess the outcomes
A full mental status exam should be completed if the pt
a. Develops dysphagia
b. Has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2
c. Complains of insomnia
d. Has a change in behavior and the family is concerned Correct
Answers D
A patient is admitted to the unit after an automobile accident.
The nurse begins the mental status examination and finds that
the patient's speech is dysarthric and that she is lethargic. The
nurse's best approach regarding this examination is to:
A. Plan to defer the rest of the mental status examination.
,B. Skip the language portion of the examination and go on to
assess mood and affect.
C. Do an in-depth speech evaluation and defer the mental status
examination to another time.
D. Go ahead and assess for suicidal thoughts because dysarthria
is often accompanied by severe depression. Correct Answers A
A pt in whom a seizure disorder was recently diagnosed plans to
continue a career as a pilot. At this time in the interview, the
nurse begins to question the patient's
a. Thought process
b. Intellect
c. Judgement
d. perception Correct Answers C
Abdomen Correct Answers o Contour, symmetry
o Muscle guarding
o Organ size
o Abnormal = swelling, bulging, herniation, inflammation,
organ enlargement
abstract reasoning Correct Answers Pondering a deeper
meaning beyond the concrete and literal
Saying "omg I just died" as a joke - these people take that
seriously, and wonder why you're still standing there
achondroplastic dwarfism Correct Answers A genetic disorder
in converting cartilage to bone results in normal trunk size, short
arms and legs, and short stature. It is characterized by a
relatively large head with frontal bossing; midface hypoplasia,
, and often thoracic kyphosis, prominent lumbar lordosis, and
abdominal protrusion.
Acromegaly (Hyperpituitarism) Correct Answers excessive
secretion of growth hormone in adulthood after normal
completion of body growth causes overgrowth of bone in face,
head, hand, and feet but no change in height. Internal organs
also enlarge, and metabolic disorders may be present.
activity/exercise Correct Answers Can they get up on their
own?
Describe a typical day, ability to independently perform ADLs,
what they need assistance with, leisure activities, use of a WC,
prostheses, or aid
Acute pain Correct Answers Short term, self-limiting
Course usually predictable
Dissipates after injury heals
Self-protective purpose (warning)
Examples
- Surgery, trauma, kidney stones
Incident pain
- pain that predictably happens with certain movements
- e.g., turning a patient from side to side; lower back pain upon
standing
Acutely ill Correct Answers o Often frightened
o Not going to understand it the first time, might have to repeat a
few times
10 traps of interviewing Correct Answers Providing false
assurance or reassurance
Giving unwanted advice,
Using authority
Using avoidance language
Distancing
Using professional jargon
Using leading or biased questions
Talking too much
Interrupting
Using "why" questions
4 levels of experience Correct Answers -Novice· : no
experience with a specified patient population and uses rules to
guide performance.
-Competency: takes 2 to 3 years in similar clinical situations, in
which you see actions in the context of patient goals or plans of
care.
-Proficient: understands a pt situation as a whole rather than as a
list of tasks. Sees long-term goals for the pt. Understands how
today's interventions will help the patient in the future.
-Expert: vault over the steps and arrive at a clinical judgment in
one leap. Has an intuitive grasp of a clinical situation and zeroes
in on the accurate solution.
,4 Major Components of Diagnostic Reasoning Correct Answers
Attending to initially available cues
-What is a cue? A piece of information: a sign or symptom (s/s),
lab data, imaging data, etc.
Formulating diagnostic hypotheses
-What is a hypothesis? Tentative explanation for a cue/set of
cues, Can be used as basis for further investigation
Gathering data relative to the hypotheses
Evaluating each hypothesis with the new data collected
5 steps to EBP Correct Answers o Ask the question
o Acquire sources of evidence
o Appraise and synthesize evidence
o Apply relevant evidence in practice
o Assess the outcomes
A full mental status exam should be completed if the pt
a. Develops dysphagia
b. Has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2
c. Complains of insomnia
d. Has a change in behavior and the family is concerned Correct
Answers D
A patient is admitted to the unit after an automobile accident.
The nurse begins the mental status examination and finds that
the patient's speech is dysarthric and that she is lethargic. The
nurse's best approach regarding this examination is to:
A. Plan to defer the rest of the mental status examination.
,B. Skip the language portion of the examination and go on to
assess mood and affect.
C. Do an in-depth speech evaluation and defer the mental status
examination to another time.
D. Go ahead and assess for suicidal thoughts because dysarthria
is often accompanied by severe depression. Correct Answers A
A pt in whom a seizure disorder was recently diagnosed plans to
continue a career as a pilot. At this time in the interview, the
nurse begins to question the patient's
a. Thought process
b. Intellect
c. Judgement
d. perception Correct Answers C
Abdomen Correct Answers o Contour, symmetry
o Muscle guarding
o Organ size
o Abnormal = swelling, bulging, herniation, inflammation,
organ enlargement
abstract reasoning Correct Answers Pondering a deeper
meaning beyond the concrete and literal
Saying "omg I just died" as a joke - these people take that
seriously, and wonder why you're still standing there
achondroplastic dwarfism Correct Answers A genetic disorder
in converting cartilage to bone results in normal trunk size, short
arms and legs, and short stature. It is characterized by a
relatively large head with frontal bossing; midface hypoplasia,
, and often thoracic kyphosis, prominent lumbar lordosis, and
abdominal protrusion.
Acromegaly (Hyperpituitarism) Correct Answers excessive
secretion of growth hormone in adulthood after normal
completion of body growth causes overgrowth of bone in face,
head, hand, and feet but no change in height. Internal organs
also enlarge, and metabolic disorders may be present.
activity/exercise Correct Answers Can they get up on their
own?
Describe a typical day, ability to independently perform ADLs,
what they need assistance with, leisure activities, use of a WC,
prostheses, or aid
Acute pain Correct Answers Short term, self-limiting
Course usually predictable
Dissipates after injury heals
Self-protective purpose (warning)
Examples
- Surgery, trauma, kidney stones
Incident pain
- pain that predictably happens with certain movements
- e.g., turning a patient from side to side; lower back pain upon
standing
Acutely ill Correct Answers o Often frightened
o Not going to understand it the first time, might have to repeat a
few times
