NURS620 Cardiovascular and Respiratory)
Exam | Questions and Correct Detailed
Answers
When a client is getting ready for a cardiac catheterization, which question is essential to ask?
A. Are you allergic to shellfish?
B. Have you ever had a catheterization before?
C. Have you completed an advance directive?
D. What current medications are you on? - ANSWER A. Are you allergic to shellfish?
Which would be the last step you would consider in a client with long-term chronic ischemic
heart disease?
A. Use of ASA.
B. Use of beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers.
C. Risk factor and lifestyle modification.
D. A coronary angiogram. - ANSWER D. A coronary angiogram.
When teaching a client with hypertension about restricting dietary sodium, you would include
which of the following instructions?
A. Sodium restriction can cause serious adverse effects.
B. Diets with markedly reduced intake of sodium may be associated with other
beneficial aspects beyond blood pressure control.
C. Seventy-five percent of sodium intake is derived from processed food.
D. A goal of 3 g of sodium chloride or 1.2 g of sodium per day is easily achievable. - ANSWER C.
Seventy-five percent of sodium intake is derived from processed food.
,Margie, age 45, comes into your office as a new patient and says that she has been on
nicotinic acid to treat her serum hyperlipidemia for years. What do you tell her?
A. There has been no evidence to show that this works. Let's change you to a statin.
B. Boy, your old provider is antiquated.
C. If you've been on it for years, and it's working, let's just keep monitoring your levels.
D. Let's eliminate the nicotinic acid for a few months to determine your baseline cholesterol
levels. - ANSWER C. If you've been on it for years, and it's working, let's just keep
monitoring your levels.
You are managing a client with CHF. The client is presently on Carvedilol 12. 5 mg PO BID,
Lisinopril 2.5 mg PO daily, Lasix 80 mg PO daily, and spironolactone (Aldactone) 25 mg po
daily. He is in to see you for a 2-week follow-up and shares he has gained 7 lb. in the past
week. He shares he has been faithful to his fluid and dietary restrictions and that his urinary
output is somewhat less than it has been. What medication could you add to optimize the
response to the loop diuretic?
A. Bumex
B. Metoloazone
C. Demadex
D. Diamox - ANSWER B. Metoloazone
Sandra says she wants to know more about the Pooled Cohort Equation to determine her
10-year risk of ASCVD. You tell her that the variables include which of the following?
A. Total and HDL cholesterol levels.
B. Systolic BP
C. Diabetes.
D. Current smoking status.
E. All of the above. - ANSWER E. All of the above.
,Martha, age 36, presents with a complaint of increasing shortness of breath and fatigue over
the past 6 months. She has been trying to lose weight, has been on a walking exercise program
for over a year, and had taken the fenfluramine-phentermine (Fen-Phen) combination many
years ago but stopped when its adverse effects were reported. You examination reveals a grade
II/VII systolic murmur along the apex. What do you do?
A. Obtain pulmonary function tests.
B. Instruct the client about other exercise activities that may not produce her symptoms.
C. Refer the client to a cardiologist for an echocardiogram and cardiovascular work-up.
D. Start endocarditis prophylaxis. - ANSWER C. Refer the client to a cardiologist for
an echocardiogram and cardiovascular work-up.
Which statement about mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is true?
A. MVP occurs in about 10% of the population.
B. MVP is usually detected in older adults.
C. The incidence is equal in men and women younger than age 20.
D. The incidence is more common in women younger than age 20. - ANSWER D. The
incidence is more common in women younger than age 20.
Selma, age 76, has acute peripheral arterial occlusion of a lower extremity. Before you begin
your examination, you know that it:
A. May present with only complaints of coldness or paresthesia of the extremity.
B. May present as the only disease.
C. Always occurs in the lower extremities.
D. Will result in an extremity that appears blue. - ANSWER A. May present with only
complaints of coldness or paresthesia of the extremity.
, JNC 8 recommends four classifications of HTN drugs to be used for initial therapy of adult
hypertension. Which of the following classifications is NOT recommended to begin therapy
with?
A. Thiazide-type diuretics
B. Calcium Channel blockers
C. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
D. Beta blockers - ANSWER D. Beta blockers
What is the most important question to ask when a patient presents with chest pain?
A. What were you doing at the time of onset of chest pain?
B. What was the time of the onset of pain?
C. Are you a smoker?
D. When was the last time you had bloodwork done? - ANSWER B. What was the time of onset
of pain?
Which of the following statements about aortic stenosis is true?
A. The disease typically manifests during midlife.
B. Once symptoms appear, life expectancy without surgery is about 10 years.
C. Right from the early course of disease, symptoms are bothersome.
D. The cardinal symptoms include dypsnea, angina, and syncope. - ANSWER D. The cardinal
symptoms include dypsnea, angina, and syncope.
Terry, a 42 year-old black man who just moved into the area, comes into the clinic for a new
client visit. He brings his medical records from his previous health-care provider; the records
show a blood pressure of 140/104 mm Hg on two separate occasions. Recent laboratory tests
(CBC, chemistry profile, urinalysis, and TSH) - ANSWER
Exam | Questions and Correct Detailed
Answers
When a client is getting ready for a cardiac catheterization, which question is essential to ask?
A. Are you allergic to shellfish?
B. Have you ever had a catheterization before?
C. Have you completed an advance directive?
D. What current medications are you on? - ANSWER A. Are you allergic to shellfish?
Which would be the last step you would consider in a client with long-term chronic ischemic
heart disease?
A. Use of ASA.
B. Use of beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers.
C. Risk factor and lifestyle modification.
D. A coronary angiogram. - ANSWER D. A coronary angiogram.
When teaching a client with hypertension about restricting dietary sodium, you would include
which of the following instructions?
A. Sodium restriction can cause serious adverse effects.
B. Diets with markedly reduced intake of sodium may be associated with other
beneficial aspects beyond blood pressure control.
C. Seventy-five percent of sodium intake is derived from processed food.
D. A goal of 3 g of sodium chloride or 1.2 g of sodium per day is easily achievable. - ANSWER C.
Seventy-five percent of sodium intake is derived from processed food.
,Margie, age 45, comes into your office as a new patient and says that she has been on
nicotinic acid to treat her serum hyperlipidemia for years. What do you tell her?
A. There has been no evidence to show that this works. Let's change you to a statin.
B. Boy, your old provider is antiquated.
C. If you've been on it for years, and it's working, let's just keep monitoring your levels.
D. Let's eliminate the nicotinic acid for a few months to determine your baseline cholesterol
levels. - ANSWER C. If you've been on it for years, and it's working, let's just keep
monitoring your levels.
You are managing a client with CHF. The client is presently on Carvedilol 12. 5 mg PO BID,
Lisinopril 2.5 mg PO daily, Lasix 80 mg PO daily, and spironolactone (Aldactone) 25 mg po
daily. He is in to see you for a 2-week follow-up and shares he has gained 7 lb. in the past
week. He shares he has been faithful to his fluid and dietary restrictions and that his urinary
output is somewhat less than it has been. What medication could you add to optimize the
response to the loop diuretic?
A. Bumex
B. Metoloazone
C. Demadex
D. Diamox - ANSWER B. Metoloazone
Sandra says she wants to know more about the Pooled Cohort Equation to determine her
10-year risk of ASCVD. You tell her that the variables include which of the following?
A. Total and HDL cholesterol levels.
B. Systolic BP
C. Diabetes.
D. Current smoking status.
E. All of the above. - ANSWER E. All of the above.
,Martha, age 36, presents with a complaint of increasing shortness of breath and fatigue over
the past 6 months. She has been trying to lose weight, has been on a walking exercise program
for over a year, and had taken the fenfluramine-phentermine (Fen-Phen) combination many
years ago but stopped when its adverse effects were reported. You examination reveals a grade
II/VII systolic murmur along the apex. What do you do?
A. Obtain pulmonary function tests.
B. Instruct the client about other exercise activities that may not produce her symptoms.
C. Refer the client to a cardiologist for an echocardiogram and cardiovascular work-up.
D. Start endocarditis prophylaxis. - ANSWER C. Refer the client to a cardiologist for
an echocardiogram and cardiovascular work-up.
Which statement about mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is true?
A. MVP occurs in about 10% of the population.
B. MVP is usually detected in older adults.
C. The incidence is equal in men and women younger than age 20.
D. The incidence is more common in women younger than age 20. - ANSWER D. The
incidence is more common in women younger than age 20.
Selma, age 76, has acute peripheral arterial occlusion of a lower extremity. Before you begin
your examination, you know that it:
A. May present with only complaints of coldness or paresthesia of the extremity.
B. May present as the only disease.
C. Always occurs in the lower extremities.
D. Will result in an extremity that appears blue. - ANSWER A. May present with only
complaints of coldness or paresthesia of the extremity.
, JNC 8 recommends four classifications of HTN drugs to be used for initial therapy of adult
hypertension. Which of the following classifications is NOT recommended to begin therapy
with?
A. Thiazide-type diuretics
B. Calcium Channel blockers
C. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
D. Beta blockers - ANSWER D. Beta blockers
What is the most important question to ask when a patient presents with chest pain?
A. What were you doing at the time of onset of chest pain?
B. What was the time of the onset of pain?
C. Are you a smoker?
D. When was the last time you had bloodwork done? - ANSWER B. What was the time of onset
of pain?
Which of the following statements about aortic stenosis is true?
A. The disease typically manifests during midlife.
B. Once symptoms appear, life expectancy without surgery is about 10 years.
C. Right from the early course of disease, symptoms are bothersome.
D. The cardinal symptoms include dypsnea, angina, and syncope. - ANSWER D. The cardinal
symptoms include dypsnea, angina, and syncope.
Terry, a 42 year-old black man who just moved into the area, comes into the clinic for a new
client visit. He brings his medical records from his previous health-care provider; the records
show a blood pressure of 140/104 mm Hg on two separate occasions. Recent laboratory tests
(CBC, chemistry profile, urinalysis, and TSH) - ANSWER
