Full Test Bank For
Pediatric Nursing-A Case-Based Approach 1st Edition Tagher Knapp
,Table Of Contents
Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis ............................................................................................................................ 4
Chapter 2: Asthma .................................................................................................................................... 6
Chapter 3: Ulnar Fracture ....................................................................................................................... 12
Chapter 4: Urinary Tract Infection And Pyelonephritis........................................................................... 15
Chapter 5: Gastroenteritis, Fever, And Dehydration .............................................................................. 23
Chapter 6: Leukemia ............................................................................................................................... 41
Chapter 7: Heart Failure.......................................................................................................................... 46
Chapter 8: Failure To Thrive.................................................................................................................... 51
Chapter 9: Tonic-Clonic Seizures............................................................................................................. 53
Chapter 10: Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ..................................................................................................... 58
Chapter 11: Second-Degree Burns .......................................................................................................... 63
Chapter 12: Sickle Cell Anemia ............................................................................................................... 67
Chapter 13: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder............................................................................. 70
Chapter 14: Obesity ................................................................................................................................ 71
Chapter 15: Care Of The Newborn And Infant........................................................................................ 75
Chapter 16: Care Of The Toddler ............................................................................................................ 83
Chapter 17: Care Of The Preschooler ..................................................................................................... 91
Chapter 18: Care Of The School-Age Child ........................................................................................... 108
Chapter 19: Care Of The Adolescent..................................................................................................... 114
Chapter 20: Alterations In Respiratory Function .................................................................................. 121
Chapter 21: Alterations In Cardiac Function ......................................................................................... 151
Chapter 22: Alterations In Neurological And Sensory Function ........................................................... 166
Chapter 23: Alterations In Gastrointestinal Function ........................................................................... 175
Chapter 24: Alterations In Genitourinary Function .............................................................................. 190
Chapter 25: Alterations In Haematological Function............................................................................ 205
Chapter 26: Oncological Disorders ....................................................................................................... 220
Chapter 27: Alterations In Musculoskeletal Function........................................................................... 237
Chapter 28: Alterations In Neuromuscular Function ............................................................................ 263
Chapter 29: Alterations In Integumentary Function ............................................................................. 274
,Chapter 30: Alterations In Immune Function ....................................................................................... 293
Chapter 31: Alterations In Endocrine Function..................................................................................... 301
Chapter 32: Genetic Disorders .............................................................................................................. 319
Chapter 33: Alterations In Cognition And Mental Health ..................................................................... 329
Chapter 34: Pediatric Emergencies ....................................................................................................... 345
,Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis
1. Which Intervention Is Appropriate For The Infant Hospitalized With Bronchiolitis?
A. Position On The Side With Neck Slightly Flexed.
B. Administer Antibiotics As Ordered.
C. Restrict Oral And Parenteral Fluids If Tachypneic.
D. Give Cool, Humidified Oxygen.
Answer:D
Cool, Humidified Oxygen Is Given To Relieve Dyspnea, Hypoxemia, And Insensible Fluid Loss From
Tachypnea. The Infant Should Be Positioned With The Head And Chest Elevated At A 30- To 40-Degree
Angle And The Neck Slightly Extended To Maintain An Open Airway And Decrease Pressure On The
Diaphragm. The Etiology Of Bronchiolitis Is Viral. Antibiotics Are Given Only If There Is A Secondary
Bacterial Infection. Tachypnea Increases Insensible Fluid Loss. If The Infant Is Tachypneic, Fluids Are
Given Parenterally To Prevent Dehydration.
2. An Infant With Bronchiolitis Is Hospitalized. The Causative Organism Is Respiratory Syncytial
Virus (Rsv). The Nurse Knows That A Child Infected With This Virus Requires What Type Of Isolation?
A. Reverse Isolation
B. Airborne Isolation
C. Contact Precautions
D. Standard Precautions
Answer:C
Rsv Is Transmitted Through Droplets. In Addition To Standard Precautions And Hand Washing,
Contact Precautions Are Required. Caregivers Must Use Gloves And Gowns When Entering The Room.
Care Is Taken Not To Touch Their Own Eyes Or Mucous Membranes With A Contaminated Gloved Hand.
Children Are Placed In A Private Room Or In A Room With Other Children With Rsv Infections. Reverse
Isolation Focuses On Keeping Bacteria Away From The Infant. With Rsv, Other Children Need To Be
Protected From Exposure To The Virus. The Virus Is Not Airborne.
3. A Child Has A Chronic Cough And Diffuse Wheezing During The Expiratory Phase Of Respiration.
This Suggests What Condition?
,A. Asthma
B. Pneumonia
C. Bronchiolitis
D. Foreign Body In Trachea
Answer:A
Asthma May Have These Chronic Signs And Symptoms. Pneumonia Appears With An Acute Onset,
Fever, And General Malaise. Bronchiolitis Is An Acute Condition Caused By Respiratory Syncytial
Virus. Foreign Body In The Trachea Occurs With Acute Respiratory Distress Or Failure And Maybe
Stridor.
4. Which Nursing Diagnosis Is Most Appropriate For An Infant With Acute Bronchiolitis Due To
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv)?
A. Activity Intolerance
B. Decreased Cardiac Output
C. Pain, Acute
D Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective (Peripheral)
Answer. A
Rationale 1: Activity Intolerance Is A Problem Because Of The Imbalance Between Oxygen Supply And
Demand. Cardiac Output Is Not Compromised During An Acute Phase Of Bronchiolitis. Pain Is Not
Usually Associated With Acute Bronchiolitis. Tissue Perfusion (Peripheral) Is Not Affected By This
Respiratory-Disease Process.
Rationale 2: Activity Intolerance Is A Problem Because Of The Imbalance Between Oxygen Supply And
Demand. Cardiac Output Is Not Compromised During An Acute Phase Of Bronchiolitis. Pain Is Not
Usually Associated With Acute Bronchiolitis. Tissue Perfusion (Peripheral) Is Not Affected By This
Respiratory-Disease Process.
Rationale 3: Activity Intolerance Is A Problem Because Of The Imbalance Between Oxygen Supply And
Demand. Cardiac Output Is Not Compromised During An Acute Phase Of Bronchiolitis. Pain Is Not
Usually Associated With Acute Bronchiolitis. Tissue Perfusion (Peripheral) Is Not Affected By This
Respiratory-Disease Process.
Rationale 4: Activity Intolerance Is A Problem Because Of The Imbalance Between Oxygen Supply And
Demand. Cardiac Output Is Not Compromised During An Acute Phase Of Bronchiolitis. Pain Is Not
,Usually Associated With Acute Bronchiolitis. Tissue Perfusion (Peripheral) Is Not Affected By This
Respiratory-Disease Process.
Global Rationale: Activity Intolerance Is A Problem Because Of The Imbalance Between Oxygen Supply
And Demand. Cardiac Output Is Not Compromised During An Acute Phase Of Bronchiolitis. Pain Is Not
Usually Associated With Acute Bronchiolitis. Tissue Perfusion (Peripheral) Is Not Affected By This
Respiratory-Disease Process.
Chapter 2: Asthma
1. The Nurse Is Caring For A Child Hospitalized For Status Asthmaticus. Which Assessment Finding
Suggests That The Childs Condition Is Worsening?
A. Hypoventilation
B. Thirst
C. Bradycardia
D. Clubbing
Answer:A
The Nurse Would Assess The Child For Signs Of Hypoxia, Including Restlessness, Fatigue, Irritability, And
Increased Heart And Respiratory Rate. As The Child Tires From The Increased Work Of Breathing
Hypoventilation Occurs Leading To Increased Carbon Dioxide Levels. The Nurse Would Be Alert For Signs
Of Hypoxia. Thirst Would Reflect The Childs Hydration Status. Bradycardia Is Not A Sign Of Hypoxia;
Tachycardia Is. Clubbing Develops Over A Period Of Months In Response To Hypoxia. The Presence Of
Clubbing Does Not Indicate The Childs Condition Is Worsening.
2. Which Finding Is Expected When Assessing A Child Hospitalized For Asthma?
, A. Inspiratory Stridor
B. Harsh, Barky Cough
C. Wheezing
D. Rhinorrhea
Answer:C
Wheezing Is A Classic Manifestation Of Asthma. Inspiratory Stridor Is A Clinical Manifestation Of
Croup. A Harsh, Barky Cough Is Characteristic Of Croup. Rhinorrhea Is Not Associated With Asthma.
3. A Child Has Had Cold Symptoms For More Than 2 Weeks, A Headache, Nasal Congestion With
Purulent Nasal Drainage, Facial Tenderness, And A Cough That Increases During Sleep. The Nurse
Recognizes These Symptoms Are Characteristic Of Which Respiratory Condition?
A. Allergic Rhinitis
B. Bronchitis
C. Asthma
D. Sinusitis
Answer:D
Sinusitis Is Characterized By Signs And Symptoms Of A Cold That Do Not Improve After 14 Days, A
Low-Grade Fever, Nasal Congestion And Purulent Nasal Discharge, Headache, Tenderness, A Feeling Of
Fullness Over The Affected Sinuses, Halitosis, And A Cough That Increases When The Child Is Lying
Down. The Classic Symptoms Of Allergic Rhinitis Are Watery Rhinorrhea, Itchy Nose, Eyes, Ears, And
Palate, And Sneezing. Symptoms Occur As Long As The Child Is Exposed To The Allergen. Bronchitis Is
Characterized By A Gradual Onset Of Rhinitis And A Cough That Is Initially Nonproductive But May
Change To A Loose Cough. The Manifestations Of Asthma May Vary, With Wheezing Being A Classic Sign.
The Symptoms Presented In The Question Do Not Suggest Asthma.
4. What Is A Common Trigger For Asthma Attacks In Children?
A. Febrile Episodes
B. Dehydration
Pediatric Nursing-A Case-Based Approach 1st Edition Tagher Knapp
,Table Of Contents
Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis ............................................................................................................................ 4
Chapter 2: Asthma .................................................................................................................................... 6
Chapter 3: Ulnar Fracture ....................................................................................................................... 12
Chapter 4: Urinary Tract Infection And Pyelonephritis........................................................................... 15
Chapter 5: Gastroenteritis, Fever, And Dehydration .............................................................................. 23
Chapter 6: Leukemia ............................................................................................................................... 41
Chapter 7: Heart Failure.......................................................................................................................... 46
Chapter 8: Failure To Thrive.................................................................................................................... 51
Chapter 9: Tonic-Clonic Seizures............................................................................................................. 53
Chapter 10: Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ..................................................................................................... 58
Chapter 11: Second-Degree Burns .......................................................................................................... 63
Chapter 12: Sickle Cell Anemia ............................................................................................................... 67
Chapter 13: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder............................................................................. 70
Chapter 14: Obesity ................................................................................................................................ 71
Chapter 15: Care Of The Newborn And Infant........................................................................................ 75
Chapter 16: Care Of The Toddler ............................................................................................................ 83
Chapter 17: Care Of The Preschooler ..................................................................................................... 91
Chapter 18: Care Of The School-Age Child ........................................................................................... 108
Chapter 19: Care Of The Adolescent..................................................................................................... 114
Chapter 20: Alterations In Respiratory Function .................................................................................. 121
Chapter 21: Alterations In Cardiac Function ......................................................................................... 151
Chapter 22: Alterations In Neurological And Sensory Function ........................................................... 166
Chapter 23: Alterations In Gastrointestinal Function ........................................................................... 175
Chapter 24: Alterations In Genitourinary Function .............................................................................. 190
Chapter 25: Alterations In Haematological Function............................................................................ 205
Chapter 26: Oncological Disorders ....................................................................................................... 220
Chapter 27: Alterations In Musculoskeletal Function........................................................................... 237
Chapter 28: Alterations In Neuromuscular Function ............................................................................ 263
Chapter 29: Alterations In Integumentary Function ............................................................................. 274
,Chapter 30: Alterations In Immune Function ....................................................................................... 293
Chapter 31: Alterations In Endocrine Function..................................................................................... 301
Chapter 32: Genetic Disorders .............................................................................................................. 319
Chapter 33: Alterations In Cognition And Mental Health ..................................................................... 329
Chapter 34: Pediatric Emergencies ....................................................................................................... 345
,Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis
1. Which Intervention Is Appropriate For The Infant Hospitalized With Bronchiolitis?
A. Position On The Side With Neck Slightly Flexed.
B. Administer Antibiotics As Ordered.
C. Restrict Oral And Parenteral Fluids If Tachypneic.
D. Give Cool, Humidified Oxygen.
Answer:D
Cool, Humidified Oxygen Is Given To Relieve Dyspnea, Hypoxemia, And Insensible Fluid Loss From
Tachypnea. The Infant Should Be Positioned With The Head And Chest Elevated At A 30- To 40-Degree
Angle And The Neck Slightly Extended To Maintain An Open Airway And Decrease Pressure On The
Diaphragm. The Etiology Of Bronchiolitis Is Viral. Antibiotics Are Given Only If There Is A Secondary
Bacterial Infection. Tachypnea Increases Insensible Fluid Loss. If The Infant Is Tachypneic, Fluids Are
Given Parenterally To Prevent Dehydration.
2. An Infant With Bronchiolitis Is Hospitalized. The Causative Organism Is Respiratory Syncytial
Virus (Rsv). The Nurse Knows That A Child Infected With This Virus Requires What Type Of Isolation?
A. Reverse Isolation
B. Airborne Isolation
C. Contact Precautions
D. Standard Precautions
Answer:C
Rsv Is Transmitted Through Droplets. In Addition To Standard Precautions And Hand Washing,
Contact Precautions Are Required. Caregivers Must Use Gloves And Gowns When Entering The Room.
Care Is Taken Not To Touch Their Own Eyes Or Mucous Membranes With A Contaminated Gloved Hand.
Children Are Placed In A Private Room Or In A Room With Other Children With Rsv Infections. Reverse
Isolation Focuses On Keeping Bacteria Away From The Infant. With Rsv, Other Children Need To Be
Protected From Exposure To The Virus. The Virus Is Not Airborne.
3. A Child Has A Chronic Cough And Diffuse Wheezing During The Expiratory Phase Of Respiration.
This Suggests What Condition?
,A. Asthma
B. Pneumonia
C. Bronchiolitis
D. Foreign Body In Trachea
Answer:A
Asthma May Have These Chronic Signs And Symptoms. Pneumonia Appears With An Acute Onset,
Fever, And General Malaise. Bronchiolitis Is An Acute Condition Caused By Respiratory Syncytial
Virus. Foreign Body In The Trachea Occurs With Acute Respiratory Distress Or Failure And Maybe
Stridor.
4. Which Nursing Diagnosis Is Most Appropriate For An Infant With Acute Bronchiolitis Due To
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv)?
A. Activity Intolerance
B. Decreased Cardiac Output
C. Pain, Acute
D Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective (Peripheral)
Answer. A
Rationale 1: Activity Intolerance Is A Problem Because Of The Imbalance Between Oxygen Supply And
Demand. Cardiac Output Is Not Compromised During An Acute Phase Of Bronchiolitis. Pain Is Not
Usually Associated With Acute Bronchiolitis. Tissue Perfusion (Peripheral) Is Not Affected By This
Respiratory-Disease Process.
Rationale 2: Activity Intolerance Is A Problem Because Of The Imbalance Between Oxygen Supply And
Demand. Cardiac Output Is Not Compromised During An Acute Phase Of Bronchiolitis. Pain Is Not
Usually Associated With Acute Bronchiolitis. Tissue Perfusion (Peripheral) Is Not Affected By This
Respiratory-Disease Process.
Rationale 3: Activity Intolerance Is A Problem Because Of The Imbalance Between Oxygen Supply And
Demand. Cardiac Output Is Not Compromised During An Acute Phase Of Bronchiolitis. Pain Is Not
Usually Associated With Acute Bronchiolitis. Tissue Perfusion (Peripheral) Is Not Affected By This
Respiratory-Disease Process.
Rationale 4: Activity Intolerance Is A Problem Because Of The Imbalance Between Oxygen Supply And
Demand. Cardiac Output Is Not Compromised During An Acute Phase Of Bronchiolitis. Pain Is Not
,Usually Associated With Acute Bronchiolitis. Tissue Perfusion (Peripheral) Is Not Affected By This
Respiratory-Disease Process.
Global Rationale: Activity Intolerance Is A Problem Because Of The Imbalance Between Oxygen Supply
And Demand. Cardiac Output Is Not Compromised During An Acute Phase Of Bronchiolitis. Pain Is Not
Usually Associated With Acute Bronchiolitis. Tissue Perfusion (Peripheral) Is Not Affected By This
Respiratory-Disease Process.
Chapter 2: Asthma
1. The Nurse Is Caring For A Child Hospitalized For Status Asthmaticus. Which Assessment Finding
Suggests That The Childs Condition Is Worsening?
A. Hypoventilation
B. Thirst
C. Bradycardia
D. Clubbing
Answer:A
The Nurse Would Assess The Child For Signs Of Hypoxia, Including Restlessness, Fatigue, Irritability, And
Increased Heart And Respiratory Rate. As The Child Tires From The Increased Work Of Breathing
Hypoventilation Occurs Leading To Increased Carbon Dioxide Levels. The Nurse Would Be Alert For Signs
Of Hypoxia. Thirst Would Reflect The Childs Hydration Status. Bradycardia Is Not A Sign Of Hypoxia;
Tachycardia Is. Clubbing Develops Over A Period Of Months In Response To Hypoxia. The Presence Of
Clubbing Does Not Indicate The Childs Condition Is Worsening.
2. Which Finding Is Expected When Assessing A Child Hospitalized For Asthma?
, A. Inspiratory Stridor
B. Harsh, Barky Cough
C. Wheezing
D. Rhinorrhea
Answer:C
Wheezing Is A Classic Manifestation Of Asthma. Inspiratory Stridor Is A Clinical Manifestation Of
Croup. A Harsh, Barky Cough Is Characteristic Of Croup. Rhinorrhea Is Not Associated With Asthma.
3. A Child Has Had Cold Symptoms For More Than 2 Weeks, A Headache, Nasal Congestion With
Purulent Nasal Drainage, Facial Tenderness, And A Cough That Increases During Sleep. The Nurse
Recognizes These Symptoms Are Characteristic Of Which Respiratory Condition?
A. Allergic Rhinitis
B. Bronchitis
C. Asthma
D. Sinusitis
Answer:D
Sinusitis Is Characterized By Signs And Symptoms Of A Cold That Do Not Improve After 14 Days, A
Low-Grade Fever, Nasal Congestion And Purulent Nasal Discharge, Headache, Tenderness, A Feeling Of
Fullness Over The Affected Sinuses, Halitosis, And A Cough That Increases When The Child Is Lying
Down. The Classic Symptoms Of Allergic Rhinitis Are Watery Rhinorrhea, Itchy Nose, Eyes, Ears, And
Palate, And Sneezing. Symptoms Occur As Long As The Child Is Exposed To The Allergen. Bronchitis Is
Characterized By A Gradual Onset Of Rhinitis And A Cough That Is Initially Nonproductive But May
Change To A Loose Cough. The Manifestations Of Asthma May Vary, With Wheezing Being A Classic Sign.
The Symptoms Presented In The Question Do Not Suggest Asthma.
4. What Is A Common Trigger For Asthma Attacks In Children?
A. Febrile Episodes
B. Dehydration
