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MN576 Midterm Exam-with 100% verified solutions -
tutor verified 2025
Most complications that develop during pregnancy are preventable. What are the
major complications that account for ~75% of all maternal deaths? - (answer)1.
severe bleeding/hemorrhage
2. infection/sepsis
3. Hypertensive emergency/eclampsia/preeclampsia
4. complications from delivery
5. unsafe abortion
6. The remainder are caused/associated with disease like malaria, and AIDS
maternal death is? - (answer)death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days
of termination of pregnancy.
Direct complications in pregnancy include - (answer)•Hemorrhage
•Pre-Eclampsia
•Thromboembolism
•Infection
•Obstructed or prolonged labor
•Ectopic pregnancy
•Unsafe abortion
•Surgical
•Anesthetic
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Common indirect problems of pregnancy include - (answer)•Pre-existing medical
conditions
•Epilepsy, Cardiac disease, Diabetes
•Hormone dependent malignancies
•Mental health problems - suicide
•Domestic violence
•Trauma
4 Principles of medical ethics - (answer)•Autonomy; respect individual's ability to
freely make informed decisions
•Principle of non-maleficence; first do no harm
•Principle of beneficence; to act in the patient's best interest
•Principle of justice; distributing benefits and burden of care fairly across society
Patient Confidentiality - (answer)Patients need to be able to trust a physician will
protect shared information
They should feel free to fully disclose sensitive personal information to enable
their physician to most effectively provide needed services
physician have an ethical obligation to preserve the confidentiality of information
In general, patients are entitled to decide whether and to whom their personal
health information is disclosed.
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Physicians can break confidentiality if - (answer)•Patient lacks medical decision
making capacity.
•To other health care personnel for purposes of providing care or for health care
operations; or
•To appropriate authorities when disclosure is required by law
•To other third parties situated to mitigate the threat when in the physician's
judgment there is a reasonable probability that:
•The patient will seriously harm him/herself.
•The patient will inflict serious physical harm on an identifiable individual or
individuals.
•For any other disclosures, physicians should obtain the consent of the patient (or
authorized surrogate) before disclosing personal health information.
A patient can only exercise their autonomy in making decisions about their own
health care if - (answer)•they are given information about that care
•they understand the risks and benefits of a specific treatment
•and can apply this information to their health
What are the two types of birthing presentation? - (answer)•Cephalic - head
down
•Breech - bottom down
Why is dating a pregnancy important? - (answer)1. Monitoring fetal growth
during the pregnancy
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•Growth discrepancies can associated with;
•Placental disorders
•Genetic conditions
•Infections
•Smoking
•Malnutrition
•Anemia
•Diabetes - big babies
2. Estimating due date:
•Risk of still birth increases after 40 weeks
•Allows planning for delivery
What information is included in obstetric history? - (answer)•Age
•First day of last menstrual period
•Number of miscarriages
•Number of terminations of pregnancy
•Number of pregnancies after 24 weeks
•Previous mode of delivery
•Current pregnancy - any problems or complications
•Previous pregnancy, problems or complications.
•Any significant gynecological history?
•Past medical history
MN576 Midterm Exam-with 100% verified solutions -
tutor verified 2025
Most complications that develop during pregnancy are preventable. What are the
major complications that account for ~75% of all maternal deaths? - (answer)1.
severe bleeding/hemorrhage
2. infection/sepsis
3. Hypertensive emergency/eclampsia/preeclampsia
4. complications from delivery
5. unsafe abortion
6. The remainder are caused/associated with disease like malaria, and AIDS
maternal death is? - (answer)death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days
of termination of pregnancy.
Direct complications in pregnancy include - (answer)•Hemorrhage
•Pre-Eclampsia
•Thromboembolism
•Infection
•Obstructed or prolonged labor
•Ectopic pregnancy
•Unsafe abortion
•Surgical
•Anesthetic
,2|Page
Common indirect problems of pregnancy include - (answer)•Pre-existing medical
conditions
•Epilepsy, Cardiac disease, Diabetes
•Hormone dependent malignancies
•Mental health problems - suicide
•Domestic violence
•Trauma
4 Principles of medical ethics - (answer)•Autonomy; respect individual's ability to
freely make informed decisions
•Principle of non-maleficence; first do no harm
•Principle of beneficence; to act in the patient's best interest
•Principle of justice; distributing benefits and burden of care fairly across society
Patient Confidentiality - (answer)Patients need to be able to trust a physician will
protect shared information
They should feel free to fully disclose sensitive personal information to enable
their physician to most effectively provide needed services
physician have an ethical obligation to preserve the confidentiality of information
In general, patients are entitled to decide whether and to whom their personal
health information is disclosed.
,3|Page
Physicians can break confidentiality if - (answer)•Patient lacks medical decision
making capacity.
•To other health care personnel for purposes of providing care or for health care
operations; or
•To appropriate authorities when disclosure is required by law
•To other third parties situated to mitigate the threat when in the physician's
judgment there is a reasonable probability that:
•The patient will seriously harm him/herself.
•The patient will inflict serious physical harm on an identifiable individual or
individuals.
•For any other disclosures, physicians should obtain the consent of the patient (or
authorized surrogate) before disclosing personal health information.
A patient can only exercise their autonomy in making decisions about their own
health care if - (answer)•they are given information about that care
•they understand the risks and benefits of a specific treatment
•and can apply this information to their health
What are the two types of birthing presentation? - (answer)•Cephalic - head
down
•Breech - bottom down
Why is dating a pregnancy important? - (answer)1. Monitoring fetal growth
during the pregnancy
, 4|Page
•Growth discrepancies can associated with;
•Placental disorders
•Genetic conditions
•Infections
•Smoking
•Malnutrition
•Anemia
•Diabetes - big babies
2. Estimating due date:
•Risk of still birth increases after 40 weeks
•Allows planning for delivery
What information is included in obstetric history? - (answer)•Age
•First day of last menstrual period
•Number of miscarriages
•Number of terminations of pregnancy
•Number of pregnancies after 24 weeks
•Previous mode of delivery
•Current pregnancy - any problems or complications
•Previous pregnancy, problems or complications.
•Any significant gynecological history?
•Past medical history
