Page | 1
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Hesi Pharmacology 2024 Practice
Questions with Detailed Verified Answers
(100% Correct Answers) /Already Graded
A+
A 75-year-old client who has a history of end stage renal failure and advanced
lung cancer, recently had a stroke. Two days ago the healthcare provider
discontinued the client's dialysis treatments, stating that death is inevitable, but
the client is disoriented and will not sign a DNR directive. What is the priority
nursing intervention?
Review the client's most recent laboratory reports.
Refer the client and family members for hospice care.
Notify the hospital ethics committee of the client situation.
Determine who is legally empowered to make decisions.
Ans: Determine who is legally empowered to make decisions.
Rationale:
When death is impending, it is essential for the nurse to determine who is legally empowered
to make decisions regarding the use of life-saving measures for the client (D). (A) will be
abnormal and will worsen without dialysis, so are not of immediate concern. (B) may help
improve the client's quality of life prior to death, but is of less immediacy than determining
whether actions should be taken to save a client's life. If the nurse remains unable to determine
who is empowered to make decisions in this situation, the nurse may choose to contact the
ethics committee (C) for a resolution.
A client with Raynaud's disease asks the nurse about using biofeedback for self-
management of symptoms. What response is best for the nurse to provide?
The responses to biofeedback have not been well established and may be a
waste of time and money.
,Page | 2
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Biofeedback requires extensive training to retrain voluntary muscles, not
involuntary responses.
Although biofeedback is easily learned, it is most often used to manage
exacerbation of symptoms.
Biofeedback allows the client to control involuntary responses to promote
peripheral vasodilation.
Ans: Biofeedback allows the client to control involuntary responses to promote peripheral
vasodilation.
Rationale
Biofeedback involves the use of various monitoring devices that help people become more
aware and able to control their own physiologic responses, such as heart rate, body
temperature, muscle tension, and brain waves. (D) is an accurate statement concerning its use
for clients with Raynaud's disease. (A, B, and C) do not provide correct information about
biofeedback.
When making the bed of a client who needs a bed cradle, which action should
the nurse include?
Teach the client to call for help before getting out of bed.
Keep both the upper and lower side rails in a raised position.
Keep the bed in the lowest position while changing the sheets.
Drape the top sheet and covers loosely over the bed cradle.
Ans: Drape the top sheet and covers loosely over the bed cradle.
Rationale:
A bed cradle is used to keep the top bedclothes off the client, so the nurse should drape the
top sheet and covers loosely over the cradle (D). A client using a bed cradle may still be able
to ambulate independently (A) and does not require raised side rails (B). (C) causes the nurse
to use poor body mechanics.
A male client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) develops
cryptococcal meningitis and tells the nurse he does not want to be resuscitated if
his breathing stops. What action should the nurse implement?
Document the client's request in the medical record.
Ask the client if this decision has been discussed with his healthcare provider.
,Page | 3
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Inform the client that a written, notarized advance directive, is required to
withhold resuscitation efforts.
Advise the client to designate a person to make healthcare decisions when the
client is unable to do so.
Ans: Ask the client if this decision has been discussed with his healthcare provider.
Advance directives are written statements of a person's wishes regarding medical care, and
verbal directives may be given to a healthcare provider with specific instructions in the
presence of two witnesses. To obtain this prescription, the client should discuss his choice with
the healthcare provider (B). (A) is insufficient to implement the client's request without legal
consequences. Although (C and D) provide legal protection of the client's wishes, the present
request needs additional action.
Which statement is an example of a correctly written nursing diagnosis
statement?
Altered tissue perfusion related to congestive heart failure.
Altered urinary elimination related to urinary tract infection.
Risk for impaired tissue integrity related to client's refusal to turn.
Ineffective coping related to response to positive biopsy test results.
Ans: Ineffective coping related to response to positive biopsy test results.
Rationale
The first part of the nursing diagnosis statement is the "diagnostic label" and is followed by
"related to" the cause, which should direct the nurse to the appropriate interventions. (D) best
fits this criteria. (A and B) contain a medical diagnosis. (C) includes an observable cause, but
(D) focuses on the client's "response," which the nurse can provide support, reflection, and
dialogue.
A 73-year-old Hispanic client is seen at the community health clinic with a history
of protein malnutrition. What information should the nurse obtain first?
Amount of liquid protein supplements consumed daily.
Foods and liquids consumed during the past 24 hours.
Usual weekly intake of milk products and red meats.
Grains and legume combinations used by the client.
, Page | 4
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Ans: Foods and liquids consumed during the past 24 hours.
Rationale
A client's dietary habits should be determined first by the client's dietary recall (B) before
suggesting protein sources or supplements (A and C) as options in the client's diet. Although
grains and legumes (D) contain incomplete proteins that reduces the essential amino acid pools
inside the cells, the client's cultural preferences should be elicited after confirming the client's
dietary history.
While preparing to insert a rectal suppository in a male adult client, the nurse
observes that the client is holding his breath while bearing down. What action
should the nurse implement?
Advise the client to continue to bear down without holding his breath.
Gently insert the lubricated suppository four inches into the rectum.
Perform a digital exam to determine if a fecal impaction is present.
Instruct the client to take slow deep breaths and stop bearing down.
Ans: Instruct the client to take slow deep breaths and stop bearing down.
During administration of a rectal suppository, the client is asked to take slow deep breaths
through the mouth to relax the anal sphincter (D). Bearing down (A) will push the suppository
out of the rectum, so the suppository should not be inserted while the client is bearing down
(B). Further data is needed before performing an invasive digital exam to check for fecal
impaction (C).
When preparing to administer an intravenous medication through a central
venous catheter, the nurse aspirates a blood return in one of the lumens of the
triple lumen catheter. Which action should the nurse implement?
Flush the lumen with the saline solution and administer the medication through the
lumen.
Determine if a PRN prescription for a thrombolytic agent is listed on the
medication record.
Clamp the lumen and obtain a syringe of a dilute heparin solution to flush
through the tubing.
Withdraw the aspirated blood into the syringe and use a new syringe to
administer the medication.
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
Hesi Pharmacology 2024 Practice
Questions with Detailed Verified Answers
(100% Correct Answers) /Already Graded
A+
A 75-year-old client who has a history of end stage renal failure and advanced
lung cancer, recently had a stroke. Two days ago the healthcare provider
discontinued the client's dialysis treatments, stating that death is inevitable, but
the client is disoriented and will not sign a DNR directive. What is the priority
nursing intervention?
Review the client's most recent laboratory reports.
Refer the client and family members for hospice care.
Notify the hospital ethics committee of the client situation.
Determine who is legally empowered to make decisions.
Ans: Determine who is legally empowered to make decisions.
Rationale:
When death is impending, it is essential for the nurse to determine who is legally empowered
to make decisions regarding the use of life-saving measures for the client (D). (A) will be
abnormal and will worsen without dialysis, so are not of immediate concern. (B) may help
improve the client's quality of life prior to death, but is of less immediacy than determining
whether actions should be taken to save a client's life. If the nurse remains unable to determine
who is empowered to make decisions in this situation, the nurse may choose to contact the
ethics committee (C) for a resolution.
A client with Raynaud's disease asks the nurse about using biofeedback for self-
management of symptoms. What response is best for the nurse to provide?
The responses to biofeedback have not been well established and may be a
waste of time and money.
,Page | 2
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
Biofeedback requires extensive training to retrain voluntary muscles, not
involuntary responses.
Although biofeedback is easily learned, it is most often used to manage
exacerbation of symptoms.
Biofeedback allows the client to control involuntary responses to promote
peripheral vasodilation.
Ans: Biofeedback allows the client to control involuntary responses to promote peripheral
vasodilation.
Rationale
Biofeedback involves the use of various monitoring devices that help people become more
aware and able to control their own physiologic responses, such as heart rate, body
temperature, muscle tension, and brain waves. (D) is an accurate statement concerning its use
for clients with Raynaud's disease. (A, B, and C) do not provide correct information about
biofeedback.
When making the bed of a client who needs a bed cradle, which action should
the nurse include?
Teach the client to call for help before getting out of bed.
Keep both the upper and lower side rails in a raised position.
Keep the bed in the lowest position while changing the sheets.
Drape the top sheet and covers loosely over the bed cradle.
Ans: Drape the top sheet and covers loosely over the bed cradle.
Rationale:
A bed cradle is used to keep the top bedclothes off the client, so the nurse should drape the
top sheet and covers loosely over the cradle (D). A client using a bed cradle may still be able
to ambulate independently (A) and does not require raised side rails (B). (C) causes the nurse
to use poor body mechanics.
A male client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) develops
cryptococcal meningitis and tells the nurse he does not want to be resuscitated if
his breathing stops. What action should the nurse implement?
Document the client's request in the medical record.
Ask the client if this decision has been discussed with his healthcare provider.
,Page | 3
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
Inform the client that a written, notarized advance directive, is required to
withhold resuscitation efforts.
Advise the client to designate a person to make healthcare decisions when the
client is unable to do so.
Ans: Ask the client if this decision has been discussed with his healthcare provider.
Advance directives are written statements of a person's wishes regarding medical care, and
verbal directives may be given to a healthcare provider with specific instructions in the
presence of two witnesses. To obtain this prescription, the client should discuss his choice with
the healthcare provider (B). (A) is insufficient to implement the client's request without legal
consequences. Although (C and D) provide legal protection of the client's wishes, the present
request needs additional action.
Which statement is an example of a correctly written nursing diagnosis
statement?
Altered tissue perfusion related to congestive heart failure.
Altered urinary elimination related to urinary tract infection.
Risk for impaired tissue integrity related to client's refusal to turn.
Ineffective coping related to response to positive biopsy test results.
Ans: Ineffective coping related to response to positive biopsy test results.
Rationale
The first part of the nursing diagnosis statement is the "diagnostic label" and is followed by
"related to" the cause, which should direct the nurse to the appropriate interventions. (D) best
fits this criteria. (A and B) contain a medical diagnosis. (C) includes an observable cause, but
(D) focuses on the client's "response," which the nurse can provide support, reflection, and
dialogue.
A 73-year-old Hispanic client is seen at the community health clinic with a history
of protein malnutrition. What information should the nurse obtain first?
Amount of liquid protein supplements consumed daily.
Foods and liquids consumed during the past 24 hours.
Usual weekly intake of milk products and red meats.
Grains and legume combinations used by the client.
, Page | 4
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
Ans: Foods and liquids consumed during the past 24 hours.
Rationale
A client's dietary habits should be determined first by the client's dietary recall (B) before
suggesting protein sources or supplements (A and C) as options in the client's diet. Although
grains and legumes (D) contain incomplete proteins that reduces the essential amino acid pools
inside the cells, the client's cultural preferences should be elicited after confirming the client's
dietary history.
While preparing to insert a rectal suppository in a male adult client, the nurse
observes that the client is holding his breath while bearing down. What action
should the nurse implement?
Advise the client to continue to bear down without holding his breath.
Gently insert the lubricated suppository four inches into the rectum.
Perform a digital exam to determine if a fecal impaction is present.
Instruct the client to take slow deep breaths and stop bearing down.
Ans: Instruct the client to take slow deep breaths and stop bearing down.
During administration of a rectal suppository, the client is asked to take slow deep breaths
through the mouth to relax the anal sphincter (D). Bearing down (A) will push the suppository
out of the rectum, so the suppository should not be inserted while the client is bearing down
(B). Further data is needed before performing an invasive digital exam to check for fecal
impaction (C).
When preparing to administer an intravenous medication through a central
venous catheter, the nurse aspirates a blood return in one of the lumens of the
triple lumen catheter. Which action should the nurse implement?
Flush the lumen with the saline solution and administer the medication through the
lumen.
Determine if a PRN prescription for a thrombolytic agent is listed on the
medication record.
Clamp the lumen and obtain a syringe of a dilute heparin solution to flush
through the tubing.
Withdraw the aspirated blood into the syringe and use a new syringe to
administer the medication.
