Page | 1
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
HESI Pharmacology V1 Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers (100% Correct
Answers) /Already Graded A+
A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
administer as prescribed to the client?1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D
Ans: 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing hypercalcemia.
Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the treatment of tetany,
which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D
need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by
inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium concentration.
Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food
item?
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice
,Page | 2
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
Ans: 4. Orange juice
Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructed to
administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect
absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice contains a greater
amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse
monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the
presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased Respirations
Ans: 1. Tinnitus
Rationale:
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result.
Symptoms include tinnitus, diiness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturbances. Constipation
and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.zz
The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are
most effective when applied:
1. Immediately before swimming
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
Ans: 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun so
that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after swimming or
sweating
,Page | 3
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury.
When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and
burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
1. Notifying the registered nurse
2. Discontinuing the medication
3. Informing the client that this is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site
Ans: 3. Informing the client that this is normal
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms and is
used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client should be
informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and burning and that this is a normal
reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)
to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the
following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred?1.Hyperventilation
2.Elevated blood pressure
3.Local pain at the burn site
4.Local rash at the burn site
Ans: 1.Hyperventilation
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion of acid,
thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should be monitored for signs of an
acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the medication should be discontinued
for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe local rather than syeffects. An elevated blood
pressure may be expected from the pain that occurs with a burn injury.
Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the administration
of this medication, the nurse anticipates that which laboratory test will be
prescribed?
1. Platelet count
2. Triglyceride level
3. Complete blood count
, Page | 4
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
4. White blood cell count
Ans: 2. Triglyceride level
Rationale:
Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be measured
before treatment and periodically thereafter until the effect on the triglycerides has been
evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored specifically during this treatment.
A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care provider (HCP)
prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's medication record and
would contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medication?
1. Vitamin A
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Ans: 1. Vitamin A
Rationale:
Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized intensification of
isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements
should be discontinued before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not
contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin
The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The nurse
would monitor for the potential for increased systemic absorption of the
medication if the medication were being applied to which of the following body
areas?
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
Ans: 2. Axilla
Rationale:
Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic circulation. Absorption is higher from
regions where the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck, perineum,
genitalia), and lower from regions in which permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
HESI Pharmacology V1 Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers (100% Correct
Answers) /Already Graded A+
A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
administer as prescribed to the client?1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D
Ans: 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing hypercalcemia.
Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the treatment of tetany,
which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D
need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by
inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium concentration.
Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food
item?
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice
,Page | 2
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
Ans: 4. Orange juice
Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructed to
administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect
absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice contains a greater
amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse
monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the
presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased Respirations
Ans: 1. Tinnitus
Rationale:
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result.
Symptoms include tinnitus, diiness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturbances. Constipation
and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.zz
The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are
most effective when applied:
1. Immediately before swimming
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
Ans: 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun so
that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after swimming or
sweating
,Page | 3
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury.
When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and
burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
1. Notifying the registered nurse
2. Discontinuing the medication
3. Informing the client that this is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site
Ans: 3. Informing the client that this is normal
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms and is
used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client should be
informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and burning and that this is a normal
reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)
to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the
following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred?1.Hyperventilation
2.Elevated blood pressure
3.Local pain at the burn site
4.Local rash at the burn site
Ans: 1.Hyperventilation
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion of acid,
thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should be monitored for signs of an
acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the medication should be discontinued
for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe local rather than syeffects. An elevated blood
pressure may be expected from the pain that occurs with a burn injury.
Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the administration
of this medication, the nurse anticipates that which laboratory test will be
prescribed?
1. Platelet count
2. Triglyceride level
3. Complete blood count
, Page | 4
Click here for more: Preppass - Stuvia
4. White blood cell count
Ans: 2. Triglyceride level
Rationale:
Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be measured
before treatment and periodically thereafter until the effect on the triglycerides has been
evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored specifically during this treatment.
A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care provider (HCP)
prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's medication record and
would contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medication?
1. Vitamin A
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Ans: 1. Vitamin A
Rationale:
Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized intensification of
isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements
should be discontinued before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not
contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin
The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The nurse
would monitor for the potential for increased systemic absorption of the
medication if the medication were being applied to which of the following body
areas?
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
Ans: 2. Axilla
Rationale:
Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic circulation. Absorption is higher from
regions where the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck, perineum,
genitalia), and lower from regions in which permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
