ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTOR ATI PN
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 400+ QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Patient identifiers
-Medical record number
-home telephone number
What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient
with chronic renal failure?
■ Urinalysis
☐ Hematuria, proteinuria, and alterations in specific
gravity
☐ Serum creatinine
- Gradual increase of 1 to 2 mg/dL per every 24 to 48 hr for
acute renal
failure (ARF)
- Gradual increase over months to years for chronic renal
failure (CRF)
exceeding 4 mg/dL
■ Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
- 80 to 100 mg/dL within 1 week with ARF
,- Gradual increase with elevated serum creatinine over
months to years for
CRF
- 180-200 mg/dL with (CRF)
■ Serum electrolytes
- Decreased sodium (dilutional) and calcium, increased
potassium,
phosphorus, and magnesium
■ Complete blood count (CBC)
- Decreased hemoglobin
What food should you increase when taking Lasix?
-increased amounts of potassium-rich foods (e.g.,
bananas, prunes, raisins, and orange juice)
Patient reports IV discomfort, what is your first action?
color and temperature
Sumatriptan (treats migraine headaches) adverse
effect
pain, tightness, pressure, or heaviness in the chest, throat,
neck, and/or jaw
slow or difficult speech
,129.) Megestrol acetate (Megace), an antineoplastic
medication, is prescribed for the client with metastatic
endometrial carcinoma. The nurse reviews the client's
history and contacts the registered nurse if which
diagnosis is documented in the client's history?
1. Gout
2. Asthma
3. Thrombophlebitis
4. Myocardial infarction
3. Thrombophlebitis
Rationale:
Megestrol acetate (Megace) suppresses the release of
luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary by inhibiting
pituitary function and regressing tumor size. Megestrol is
used with caution if the client has a history of
thrombophlebitis.
*megestrol acetate is a hormonal antagonist enzyme
and that a side effect is thrombotic disorders*
130.) The nurse is analyzing the laboratory results of a
client with leukemia who has received a regimen of
chemotherapy. Which laboratory value would the nurse
specifically note as a result of the massive cell
, destruction that occurred from the chemotherapy?
1. Anemia
2. Decreased platelets
3. Increased uric acid level
4. Decreased leukocyte count
3. Increased uric acid level
Rationale:
Hyperuricemia is especially common following treatment
for leukemias and lymphomas because chemotherapy
results in a massive cell kill. Although options 1, 2, and 4
also may be noted, an increased uric acid level is related
specifically to cell destruction.
131.) The nurse is reinforcing medication instructions
to a client with breast cancer who is receiving
cyclophosphamide (Neosar). The nurse tells the client
to:
1. Take the medication with food.
2. Increase fluid intake to 2000 to 3000 mL daily.
3. Decrease sodium intake while taking the medication.
4. Increase potassium intake while taking the
medication.
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 400+ QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Patient identifiers
-Medical record number
-home telephone number
What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient
with chronic renal failure?
■ Urinalysis
☐ Hematuria, proteinuria, and alterations in specific
gravity
☐ Serum creatinine
- Gradual increase of 1 to 2 mg/dL per every 24 to 48 hr for
acute renal
failure (ARF)
- Gradual increase over months to years for chronic renal
failure (CRF)
exceeding 4 mg/dL
■ Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
- 80 to 100 mg/dL within 1 week with ARF
,- Gradual increase with elevated serum creatinine over
months to years for
CRF
- 180-200 mg/dL with (CRF)
■ Serum electrolytes
- Decreased sodium (dilutional) and calcium, increased
potassium,
phosphorus, and magnesium
■ Complete blood count (CBC)
- Decreased hemoglobin
What food should you increase when taking Lasix?
-increased amounts of potassium-rich foods (e.g.,
bananas, prunes, raisins, and orange juice)
Patient reports IV discomfort, what is your first action?
color and temperature
Sumatriptan (treats migraine headaches) adverse
effect
pain, tightness, pressure, or heaviness in the chest, throat,
neck, and/or jaw
slow or difficult speech
,129.) Megestrol acetate (Megace), an antineoplastic
medication, is prescribed for the client with metastatic
endometrial carcinoma. The nurse reviews the client's
history and contacts the registered nurse if which
diagnosis is documented in the client's history?
1. Gout
2. Asthma
3. Thrombophlebitis
4. Myocardial infarction
3. Thrombophlebitis
Rationale:
Megestrol acetate (Megace) suppresses the release of
luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary by inhibiting
pituitary function and regressing tumor size. Megestrol is
used with caution if the client has a history of
thrombophlebitis.
*megestrol acetate is a hormonal antagonist enzyme
and that a side effect is thrombotic disorders*
130.) The nurse is analyzing the laboratory results of a
client with leukemia who has received a regimen of
chemotherapy. Which laboratory value would the nurse
specifically note as a result of the massive cell
, destruction that occurred from the chemotherapy?
1. Anemia
2. Decreased platelets
3. Increased uric acid level
4. Decreased leukocyte count
3. Increased uric acid level
Rationale:
Hyperuricemia is especially common following treatment
for leukemias and lymphomas because chemotherapy
results in a massive cell kill. Although options 1, 2, and 4
also may be noted, an increased uric acid level is related
specifically to cell destruction.
131.) The nurse is reinforcing medication instructions
to a client with breast cancer who is receiving
cyclophosphamide (Neosar). The nurse tells the client
to:
1. Take the medication with food.
2. Increase fluid intake to 2000 to 3000 mL daily.
3. Decrease sodium intake while taking the medication.
4. Increase potassium intake while taking the
medication.
