PCN-107 Midterm Questions And
Answers
'I-thou"y-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
GestaltyAdoptsyBuber'sytheory.yTheyselfyisyalwaysyayselfywithyother.yTherapistyputsythemsel
vesyinytheyexperienceyofytheypatient,yisytransparent,yauthentic,ycongruentyandydoesn'tytryytoy
controlytheyoutcome.
"Asyif"y-yCORRECTyyANSWER-Adler/Individual:y"Fakeyitytilyyouymakeyit"yandyrole-playing.
"Iyhaveyaysecret"y-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Perls/yGestalt:yMostypeopleyhaveyaypartyofythemselvesythatytheyyfeelyguiltyyaboutyoryasham
edyof.yInyanyeffortytoytakeyownershipyofytheseyfeelings,yaytherapistywillysometimesyaskyayclie
ntytoymakeyaystatementyaboutyhowytheyclientythinksytheytherapistymightyrespondyifytheysecret
ywasyrevealed.
Allowsytheyclientytoyintegrateyityintoytheirylife
Acceptancey-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Skinner/yBehavior:ytheytherapist'sy______________yofytheyclient,yandyteachingytheyclientyh
owytoya___________yhimselfyoryherself.yClientsywhoyfeelyun___________yareyunlikelyytoyr
evealyhiddenyoryshamefulypartsyofythemselves
Actualizingy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-Rogers/yPerson-
Centered:yAccordingytoyRogers,ytheydriveyofyeveryyorganismytoyfulfillyitsybiologicalypotentialy
andybecomeywhatyityisyinherentlyycapableyofybecoming.
Everyyindividualyisybornywithyany______________ytendencyythatymotivatesyhimyoryherytoyre
achyfullypotentialyifytheyindividualyisyplacedyinyanyenvironmentythatysupportsythisyinherentypr
ocess.
Angsty-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Frankl/yExistential:yAnotherywayyofysaying:yExistentialyAnxiety
Anima/animusy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-Jung/yAnalytical:yWeyallyhaveyanyinnerygender-
oppositeythatycallsyus.yMale:yinneryoppositeyisyanima;yFemaleyisyanimus.
Anxietyy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-Freud/yPsychoanalysis:yMoral,yNeurotic,yRealistic
, Archetypesy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Jung/yAnalytical:ytendencyytoydifferentiateyaspectsyofytheyperson.yCreateycomplexes.yMake
syusy"human"
Authenticityy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Frankl/yExistential:yacceptanceyofymanyyofytheybasicyexistentialystrugglesyalreadyymention
edyandythatyweyhaveytakenyresponsibilityyforyourylives.
Ityalsoymeansyweyhaveychosenytoybeyhonestywithyourselvesyandyopenywithyothers
AversionyTherapyy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Skinner/yBehavioral:ytoyassociate,yonymultipleyoccasions,yaystimulusythatyisyperceivedytoybe
yhighlyynoxiousybyytheyclientywithyaybehaviorytoybeychanged
treatmentythatyusesypunishmentytoydecreaseytheyfrequencyyofyundesirableybehaviors
Babyyinyaybox/ybabyytendery-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Skinner/yBehavior:y"Skinnerybox"y(theynameysometimesygivenytoydescribeytheyboxySkinnery
usedywhenystudyingyrats,ypigeons,yandyotheryanimals).yTheymythyevenywentyfurther:y"Shey
wentypsychotic"yory"sheycommittedysuicide"ybecauseyofy"theybox."yThisymythywasytoyhaunty
Skinneryforytheyrestyofyhisylife,yasypeopleywouldycomeyupytoyhimyandyaskyhowyhisypoorydaug
hterwasydoing.yInyreality,yhisydaughterywasydoingygreat,ywasynotybroughtyupyinyaybox,yandyto
day,yDeborahySkinneryBuzanyisymarriedyandyaysuccessfulyartistyinyLondon.yInyfact,yaskyeith
eryofySkinner'sydaughtersytoday,yandytheyywillydescribeyaywarm,ycaringyfatherywhoywasyvery
ymuchypresentyinytheirylives.
BehavioralyConceptsy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-Skinner/yBehavioral:
Beingyconfrontationaly-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Perls/yGestalt:y_______________yisyusedywhenytheytherapistytellsytheyclientythatyheyorysheyi
sypreventingyselfyfromyexperiencing,ybeingymanipulative,yoryactingylikeyayphonyyinysomewa
y.yPerlsywasyparticularlyyadeptyatythis,yasyheywouldyoftenytenaciouslyychallengeyclientsybyyte
llingythemytheyywereyhiding,yactingylikeybabies,ybeingyphony,yandynotybeingyreal
BirthyOrdery-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Adler/yIndividual:yAdleryidentifiedyfiveypsychologicalypositionsyfromywhichychildrenytendytoyv
iewylife:yoldest,ysecondyofyonlyytwo,ymiddle,yyoungest,yandyonly.yActualy___________y____
_______yitselfyisylessyimportantythanyayperson'syinterpretationyofyhisyoryheryplaceyinytheyfami
ly.
Catchingyoneselfy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Adler/yIndividual:ythisytechniqueyhelpsyclientsygainyawarenessyofytheiryself-
defeatingythoughtsyandybehaviors.yAsyclientsybecomeyincreasinglyyawareyofytheymaladapti
veybehaviorsytheyyexhibitythatyareydrivenybyytheirysubjectiveyfinalygoals,ycounselorsycanysug
gestythatytheyytryytoy"catch"ytheseybehaviorsypriorytoytheiryhappening
Choicey-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Frankl/yExistential:yEveryoneyhasytheyabilityytoymakeytheyrightyorywrongy__________.
Answers
'I-thou"y-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
GestaltyAdoptsyBuber'sytheory.yTheyselfyisyalwaysyayselfywithyother.yTherapistyputsythemsel
vesyinytheyexperienceyofytheypatient,yisytransparent,yauthentic,ycongruentyandydoesn'tytryytoy
controlytheyoutcome.
"Asyif"y-yCORRECTyyANSWER-Adler/Individual:y"Fakeyitytilyyouymakeyit"yandyrole-playing.
"Iyhaveyaysecret"y-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Perls/yGestalt:yMostypeopleyhaveyaypartyofythemselvesythatytheyyfeelyguiltyyaboutyoryasham
edyof.yInyanyeffortytoytakeyownershipyofytheseyfeelings,yaytherapistywillysometimesyaskyayclie
ntytoymakeyaystatementyaboutyhowytheyclientythinksytheytherapistymightyrespondyifytheysecret
ywasyrevealed.
Allowsytheyclientytoyintegrateyityintoytheirylife
Acceptancey-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Skinner/yBehavior:ytheytherapist'sy______________yofytheyclient,yandyteachingytheyclientyh
owytoya___________yhimselfyoryherself.yClientsywhoyfeelyun___________yareyunlikelyytoyr
evealyhiddenyoryshamefulypartsyofythemselves
Actualizingy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-Rogers/yPerson-
Centered:yAccordingytoyRogers,ytheydriveyofyeveryyorganismytoyfulfillyitsybiologicalypotentialy
andybecomeywhatyityisyinherentlyycapableyofybecoming.
Everyyindividualyisybornywithyany______________ytendencyythatymotivatesyhimyoryherytoyre
achyfullypotentialyifytheyindividualyisyplacedyinyanyenvironmentythatysupportsythisyinherentypr
ocess.
Angsty-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Frankl/yExistential:yAnotherywayyofysaying:yExistentialyAnxiety
Anima/animusy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-Jung/yAnalytical:yWeyallyhaveyanyinnerygender-
oppositeythatycallsyus.yMale:yinneryoppositeyisyanima;yFemaleyisyanimus.
Anxietyy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-Freud/yPsychoanalysis:yMoral,yNeurotic,yRealistic
, Archetypesy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Jung/yAnalytical:ytendencyytoydifferentiateyaspectsyofytheyperson.yCreateycomplexes.yMake
syusy"human"
Authenticityy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Frankl/yExistential:yacceptanceyofymanyyofytheybasicyexistentialystrugglesyalreadyymention
edyandythatyweyhaveytakenyresponsibilityyforyourylives.
Ityalsoymeansyweyhaveychosenytoybeyhonestywithyourselvesyandyopenywithyothers
AversionyTherapyy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Skinner/yBehavioral:ytoyassociate,yonymultipleyoccasions,yaystimulusythatyisyperceivedytoybe
yhighlyynoxiousybyytheyclientywithyaybehaviorytoybeychanged
treatmentythatyusesypunishmentytoydecreaseytheyfrequencyyofyundesirableybehaviors
Babyyinyaybox/ybabyytendery-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Skinner/yBehavior:y"Skinnerybox"y(theynameysometimesygivenytoydescribeytheyboxySkinnery
usedywhenystudyingyrats,ypigeons,yandyotheryanimals).yTheymythyevenywentyfurther:y"Shey
wentypsychotic"yory"sheycommittedysuicide"ybecauseyofy"theybox."yThisymythywasytoyhaunty
Skinneryforytheyrestyofyhisylife,yasypeopleywouldycomeyupytoyhimyandyaskyhowyhisypoorydaug
hterwasydoing.yInyreality,yhisydaughterywasydoingygreat,ywasynotybroughtyupyinyaybox,yandyto
day,yDeborahySkinneryBuzanyisymarriedyandyaysuccessfulyartistyinyLondon.yInyfact,yaskyeith
eryofySkinner'sydaughtersytoday,yandytheyywillydescribeyaywarm,ycaringyfatherywhoywasyvery
ymuchypresentyinytheirylives.
BehavioralyConceptsy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-Skinner/yBehavioral:
Beingyconfrontationaly-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Perls/yGestalt:y_______________yisyusedywhenytheytherapistytellsytheyclientythatyheyorysheyi
sypreventingyselfyfromyexperiencing,ybeingymanipulative,yoryactingylikeyayphonyyinysomewa
y.yPerlsywasyparticularlyyadeptyatythis,yasyheywouldyoftenytenaciouslyychallengeyclientsybyyte
llingythemytheyywereyhiding,yactingylikeybabies,ybeingyphony,yandynotybeingyreal
BirthyOrdery-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Adler/yIndividual:yAdleryidentifiedyfiveypsychologicalypositionsyfromywhichychildrenytendytoyv
iewylife:yoldest,ysecondyofyonlyytwo,ymiddle,yyoungest,yandyonly.yActualy___________y____
_______yitselfyisylessyimportantythanyayperson'syinterpretationyofyhisyoryheryplaceyinytheyfami
ly.
Catchingyoneselfy-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Adler/yIndividual:ythisytechniqueyhelpsyclientsygainyawarenessyofytheiryself-
defeatingythoughtsyandybehaviors.yAsyclientsybecomeyincreasinglyyawareyofytheymaladapti
veybehaviorsytheyyexhibitythatyareydrivenybyytheirysubjectiveyfinalygoals,ycounselorsycanysug
gestythatytheyytryytoy"catch"ytheseybehaviorsypriorytoytheiryhappening
Choicey-yCORRECTyyANSWER-
Frankl/yExistential:yEveryoneyhasytheyabilityytoymakeytheyrightyorywrongy__________.
