ARRT Exam Questions 100% Correct
Answers (A Pass) Current Update
During pulsed fluoro the generator produces short bursts of energy between __ and ___
milliseconds - Answer- ✔✔3-10
T/F: spectral beam filters reduce dose without compromising image quality by
decreasing low-energy or "soft" radiation. - Answer- ✔✔True
Give two examples of common filtration materials. - Answer- ✔✔Aluminum and Copper
0.2mm copper filter reduces exposure by __% and 2.0 mm reduces by __% - Answer-
✔✔50% , 70%
What is the role of an image intensifier? - Answer- ✔✔Converts incident X-rays into
visible light, amplifying image brightness by about 10,000 and improving the visibility.
Input layer converts x-rays to electrons and is made up of four components. The input
window, substrate, input phosphor, photocathode.
The x-rays for strike the input window, which consists of a sin, current layer of metal or
glass. The x-rays or than converted into light photons as they pass-through the 0.5 mm
aluminum substrate layer and input phosphor layer, which is made of cesium iodide
crystals.
The photocathode absorbs the light photons and converts them into electrons.the
electron lens focuses the electrons through the electron optic system. This system
creates an electric potential, which intensifies and demagnifies the electron beam to the
size of the output layer.
The anode then accelerates the electrons through the output phosphor later which
converts them into visible light photons. The light photons emerge from the image
intensifier through a glass output window.
The diameter of the Image intensifier input window is between __ & __ cm. - Answer-
✔✔10 - 40 cm
When using magnification the radiation dose decreases inversely by ____ - Answer-
✔✔The SQUARE of the ratio of the image intensifier diameter
T/F Image magnification can increase blur and degrade spatial resolution unless a very
small focal spot is used for AV fistulas or cardiac catheterization. - Answer- ✔✔True
,Name 5 image processing techniques used in digital subtraction angiography - Answer-
✔✔Road mapping, image fade, mask pixel shift, frame summation, vessel
measurement
T/F the most common set up of X-ray tube is to be under the table with the image
intensifier above the patient - Answer- ✔✔True
X-ray tube above the patient are more beneficial for which type of procedures? -
Answer- ✔✔Interventional
Why is the acquisition or "cine" mode of fluoroscopy used sparingly ? - Answer- ✔✔It
uses 15 times more radiation per frame to obtain quality diagnostic images compared to
normal fluoroscopy mode. Cine mode is always pulsed, usually 15 frames / second
Why is over the table X-ray tube configurations frowned upon? - Answer- ✔✔They
increase radiation exposure to personnel because scatter radiation is projected back
toward the tube.
Give examples of features designed in fluoro systems to reduce patient radiation dose. -
Answer- ✔✔Maximum possible source to skin distance
Filtration
Collimation
Primary protective barrier
automatic exposure control
Bucky slot cover
Cumulative timer
Dose area product meter
The SSD must be at least ___cm on stationary fluoro - Answer- ✔✔30cm
Max or Min? Ideally, you want the ___ distance between the X-ray tube and patient ,
and ____ distance between patient and image intensifier tube. - Answer- ✔✔Maximum ,
Minimum
What is the inverse square law? - Answer- ✔✔The intensity of X-ray beam at a given
point is inversely proportional to the square of its distance from the radiation source
What is a primary protective barrier and must have 2mm lead equivalent to capture the
useful X-ray beam? - Answer- ✔✔The fluoroscopic image receptor
The total filtration must be at least ____ mm of aluminum equivalent. - Answer-
✔✔2.5mm (recommend at least 3.0mm at 80 kVp)
A dose-area-product is an indicator of radiation risk. Expressed it R-cm^2, incorporates
radiation dose and volume of tissue irradiated. The DAP increases as the field size
, _______ because more tissue is exposed. They are radio_______ and placed next to
X-ray source below the collimator. - Answer- ✔✔Increased, Radiolucent
What are the sizes for large and small focal spots in mm? - Answer- ✔✔0.5 mm for
small focal spots, 1.2mm for large focal spots
Lead aprons and Gonadal shields should have how much protective shielding in mm
lead? - Answer- ✔✔0.5mm lead
During fluoroscopy the principles of _______, _____, and ________ can help reduce
patient and occupational exposure. - Answer- ✔✔Time, Distance, Shielding
The image intensifier should be placed as (close or far) away from patient , reducing
magnification, improving image quality, and reduce patient dose - Answer- ✔✔Close
T/F: the use of electronic magnification should not be limited. - Answer- ✔✔False. You
must limit magnification to protect patient from excessive radiation doses.
Pregnant personnel: the MONTHLY dose to embryo or fetus should not exceed ____
mrem per month or ____mrem over course of pregnancy. - Answer- ✔✔50mrem,
500mrem
Second radiation monitor should be worn by patients who are pregnant at the waist
level ______ the protective apron - Answer- ✔✔Under
If there is possibility the patient may be pregnant, abdominal or pelvic radiologic
examinations should be conducted within ___ days of the menstrual cycle and barium
enemas should be conducted within ___ days of last menstrual cycle. - Answer- ✔✔10
days
28 days
High-Quality images demonstrates the following characteristics: - Answer- ✔✔1.
Maximum recorded detail
2. Optimum patient positioning
3. Excellent penetration, contrast, and density
4. No motion or removable artifacts
What is the Wolf method? (patient positioning) - Answer- ✔✔Used to evaluate small,
sliding Gastroesophageal herniations. Semicylindrical radiolucent compression sponge
placed horizontally under costal margin while patient is in a right anterior oblique
position. This positioning aid improves visualization of relationship between the stomach
and diaphragm.
FYI : Sponges should be used when available instead of hands. Compression sponges
and paddles help evaluate portions of digestive system. - Answer- ✔✔
Answers (A Pass) Current Update
During pulsed fluoro the generator produces short bursts of energy between __ and ___
milliseconds - Answer- ✔✔3-10
T/F: spectral beam filters reduce dose without compromising image quality by
decreasing low-energy or "soft" radiation. - Answer- ✔✔True
Give two examples of common filtration materials. - Answer- ✔✔Aluminum and Copper
0.2mm copper filter reduces exposure by __% and 2.0 mm reduces by __% - Answer-
✔✔50% , 70%
What is the role of an image intensifier? - Answer- ✔✔Converts incident X-rays into
visible light, amplifying image brightness by about 10,000 and improving the visibility.
Input layer converts x-rays to electrons and is made up of four components. The input
window, substrate, input phosphor, photocathode.
The x-rays for strike the input window, which consists of a sin, current layer of metal or
glass. The x-rays or than converted into light photons as they pass-through the 0.5 mm
aluminum substrate layer and input phosphor layer, which is made of cesium iodide
crystals.
The photocathode absorbs the light photons and converts them into electrons.the
electron lens focuses the electrons through the electron optic system. This system
creates an electric potential, which intensifies and demagnifies the electron beam to the
size of the output layer.
The anode then accelerates the electrons through the output phosphor later which
converts them into visible light photons. The light photons emerge from the image
intensifier through a glass output window.
The diameter of the Image intensifier input window is between __ & __ cm. - Answer-
✔✔10 - 40 cm
When using magnification the radiation dose decreases inversely by ____ - Answer-
✔✔The SQUARE of the ratio of the image intensifier diameter
T/F Image magnification can increase blur and degrade spatial resolution unless a very
small focal spot is used for AV fistulas or cardiac catheterization. - Answer- ✔✔True
,Name 5 image processing techniques used in digital subtraction angiography - Answer-
✔✔Road mapping, image fade, mask pixel shift, frame summation, vessel
measurement
T/F the most common set up of X-ray tube is to be under the table with the image
intensifier above the patient - Answer- ✔✔True
X-ray tube above the patient are more beneficial for which type of procedures? -
Answer- ✔✔Interventional
Why is the acquisition or "cine" mode of fluoroscopy used sparingly ? - Answer- ✔✔It
uses 15 times more radiation per frame to obtain quality diagnostic images compared to
normal fluoroscopy mode. Cine mode is always pulsed, usually 15 frames / second
Why is over the table X-ray tube configurations frowned upon? - Answer- ✔✔They
increase radiation exposure to personnel because scatter radiation is projected back
toward the tube.
Give examples of features designed in fluoro systems to reduce patient radiation dose. -
Answer- ✔✔Maximum possible source to skin distance
Filtration
Collimation
Primary protective barrier
automatic exposure control
Bucky slot cover
Cumulative timer
Dose area product meter
The SSD must be at least ___cm on stationary fluoro - Answer- ✔✔30cm
Max or Min? Ideally, you want the ___ distance between the X-ray tube and patient ,
and ____ distance between patient and image intensifier tube. - Answer- ✔✔Maximum ,
Minimum
What is the inverse square law? - Answer- ✔✔The intensity of X-ray beam at a given
point is inversely proportional to the square of its distance from the radiation source
What is a primary protective barrier and must have 2mm lead equivalent to capture the
useful X-ray beam? - Answer- ✔✔The fluoroscopic image receptor
The total filtration must be at least ____ mm of aluminum equivalent. - Answer-
✔✔2.5mm (recommend at least 3.0mm at 80 kVp)
A dose-area-product is an indicator of radiation risk. Expressed it R-cm^2, incorporates
radiation dose and volume of tissue irradiated. The DAP increases as the field size
, _______ because more tissue is exposed. They are radio_______ and placed next to
X-ray source below the collimator. - Answer- ✔✔Increased, Radiolucent
What are the sizes for large and small focal spots in mm? - Answer- ✔✔0.5 mm for
small focal spots, 1.2mm for large focal spots
Lead aprons and Gonadal shields should have how much protective shielding in mm
lead? - Answer- ✔✔0.5mm lead
During fluoroscopy the principles of _______, _____, and ________ can help reduce
patient and occupational exposure. - Answer- ✔✔Time, Distance, Shielding
The image intensifier should be placed as (close or far) away from patient , reducing
magnification, improving image quality, and reduce patient dose - Answer- ✔✔Close
T/F: the use of electronic magnification should not be limited. - Answer- ✔✔False. You
must limit magnification to protect patient from excessive radiation doses.
Pregnant personnel: the MONTHLY dose to embryo or fetus should not exceed ____
mrem per month or ____mrem over course of pregnancy. - Answer- ✔✔50mrem,
500mrem
Second radiation monitor should be worn by patients who are pregnant at the waist
level ______ the protective apron - Answer- ✔✔Under
If there is possibility the patient may be pregnant, abdominal or pelvic radiologic
examinations should be conducted within ___ days of the menstrual cycle and barium
enemas should be conducted within ___ days of last menstrual cycle. - Answer- ✔✔10
days
28 days
High-Quality images demonstrates the following characteristics: - Answer- ✔✔1.
Maximum recorded detail
2. Optimum patient positioning
3. Excellent penetration, contrast, and density
4. No motion or removable artifacts
What is the Wolf method? (patient positioning) - Answer- ✔✔Used to evaluate small,
sliding Gastroesophageal herniations. Semicylindrical radiolucent compression sponge
placed horizontally under costal margin while patient is in a right anterior oblique
position. This positioning aid improves visualization of relationship between the stomach
and diaphragm.
FYI : Sponges should be used when available instead of hands. Compression sponges
and paddles help evaluate portions of digestive system. - Answer- ✔✔
