NUSCTX 10, FINAL - UC BERKELEY
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Osteoporosis - ANSWER-A condition typified by a normal mineral to matrix ratio, but
reduced amounts of both mineral and matrix, resulting in thin and brittle bones
Transferrin - ANSWER-Binds two iron atoms and transports the iron in the blood to
tissues
Dietary Vitamin D Dependency - ANSWER-Skin color
Sunlight exposure duration
Amount of skin exposed to sunlight
Ethnicity
Pernicious Anema - ANSWER-Inhibits the absorption of Vitamin B12 because the
parietal cells in the stomach are destroyed and, thus, intrinsic factor is no longer
secreted.
FDA requires that a Supplement Facts Label must include - ANSWER-The
ingredients in the supplement
What are supplement labels allowed to claim about their products? - ANSWER-What
the Upper Limit is for specific ingredients
That the supplement contains a mega-dose of a particular nutrients
That the product contains high potency of a particular nutrient
NOT!!!, that the product treats, cures, or prevents a disease not entirely related to a
particular nutrient
Bioavailability - ANSWER-The percent of a nutrient that can be absorbed
Functions of Vitamin C - ANSWER-Collage formation
Antioxidant
Immune function
Statements about Sodium - ANSWER-Upper limit of sodium is 2300 mg/day
Current average sodium intake in United State is more than 2300 mg/day
Eating too much sodium increases the risk of high blood pressure
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system can regulate sodium reabsorption by the
kidney
,NOT!!!, that sodium is mainly located intracellularly
Good sources of Polyunsaturated Fat - ANSWER-Almonds
Seeds
Fatty fish
Walnuts
NOT!!!, Butter
Most Potent Fat-Soluble Antioxidant - ANSWER-Vitamin E
Hydrophobic - ANSWER-Not water soluble
(e.g. a long chain fatty acids is hydrophobic)
Fortification and enrichment are processes in which nutrients are? - ANSWER-
Added to foods during processing
Which hormones responsible for the regulation of body water? - ANSWER-Renin-
angiotensin-aldosterone
Antidiuretic hormone
Grandfather Clause - ANSWER-A substance historically used by man to supplement
the diet
Benefits of Fiber - ANSWER-Stimulates GI motility
Promotes healthy gut microflora
Slows nutrient absorption
Can lower cholesterol
How many calories are in a gram of carbohydrates and protein? - ANSWER-4 kcals
How many calories are in a gram of fat? - ANSWER-9 kcals
Statements about Nutritional Research - ANSWER-Nutritional research is necessary
to help us understand how nutrients affect various physiological processes in the
body
Nutritional research is used in the development of therapies that counteract or
prevent nutrition-related diseases
Nutritional research is conducted through the use of the scientific method
The results of nutritional research should always be subjected to challenge and
change
NOT!!!, the results of nutritional research or recommendations can never change
When whole grains are refined, which parts are lost? - ANSWER-Bran
Germ
, Scientific Method - ANSWER-Observed phenomena
Hypothesis generated
Research experiment
Build model over likely explanation
Evaluated by other scientists
Confirmed or rejects
Who is at increased risk of zinc deficiency? - ANSWER-Alcoholics
People with Anorexia Nervosa
The elderly
Pregnant women
Major form in which nitrogen is excreted from the human body? - ANSWER-Urea
Nutrient Density - ANSWER-A measure of how many nutrients per calorie a food
provides compared to its energy content
Functions of Lipoproteins in the Circulatory System - ANSWER-Transport of lipids
and cholesterol in the blood
Adequate Intake - ANSWER-Daily intake amounts set for nutrients for which there
are insufficient research data to establish Estimated Average Requirements
Fatty Acids - ANSWER-Saturated fats
Unsaturated fats
Trans fats
Factors Affecting Basal Metabolic Rate - ANSWER-Thyroxin
% lean tissue
Fever
Product of Cellular Respiration - ANSWER-ATP
Function of Intestinal Epithelial Cells - ANSWER-Nutrient absorption
Barrier and immune defense
Fluid and electrolyte absorption
Secretion of apolipoproteins
Examples of Monosaccharids - ANSWER-Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Enzymes - ANSWER-Biological catalysts that work by lowering the activation energy
of a reaction
Major Function of Protein in the Body - ANSWER-Transport
Fluid balance
Protection
Enzymes
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Osteoporosis - ANSWER-A condition typified by a normal mineral to matrix ratio, but
reduced amounts of both mineral and matrix, resulting in thin and brittle bones
Transferrin - ANSWER-Binds two iron atoms and transports the iron in the blood to
tissues
Dietary Vitamin D Dependency - ANSWER-Skin color
Sunlight exposure duration
Amount of skin exposed to sunlight
Ethnicity
Pernicious Anema - ANSWER-Inhibits the absorption of Vitamin B12 because the
parietal cells in the stomach are destroyed and, thus, intrinsic factor is no longer
secreted.
FDA requires that a Supplement Facts Label must include - ANSWER-The
ingredients in the supplement
What are supplement labels allowed to claim about their products? - ANSWER-What
the Upper Limit is for specific ingredients
That the supplement contains a mega-dose of a particular nutrients
That the product contains high potency of a particular nutrient
NOT!!!, that the product treats, cures, or prevents a disease not entirely related to a
particular nutrient
Bioavailability - ANSWER-The percent of a nutrient that can be absorbed
Functions of Vitamin C - ANSWER-Collage formation
Antioxidant
Immune function
Statements about Sodium - ANSWER-Upper limit of sodium is 2300 mg/day
Current average sodium intake in United State is more than 2300 mg/day
Eating too much sodium increases the risk of high blood pressure
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system can regulate sodium reabsorption by the
kidney
,NOT!!!, that sodium is mainly located intracellularly
Good sources of Polyunsaturated Fat - ANSWER-Almonds
Seeds
Fatty fish
Walnuts
NOT!!!, Butter
Most Potent Fat-Soluble Antioxidant - ANSWER-Vitamin E
Hydrophobic - ANSWER-Not water soluble
(e.g. a long chain fatty acids is hydrophobic)
Fortification and enrichment are processes in which nutrients are? - ANSWER-
Added to foods during processing
Which hormones responsible for the regulation of body water? - ANSWER-Renin-
angiotensin-aldosterone
Antidiuretic hormone
Grandfather Clause - ANSWER-A substance historically used by man to supplement
the diet
Benefits of Fiber - ANSWER-Stimulates GI motility
Promotes healthy gut microflora
Slows nutrient absorption
Can lower cholesterol
How many calories are in a gram of carbohydrates and protein? - ANSWER-4 kcals
How many calories are in a gram of fat? - ANSWER-9 kcals
Statements about Nutritional Research - ANSWER-Nutritional research is necessary
to help us understand how nutrients affect various physiological processes in the
body
Nutritional research is used in the development of therapies that counteract or
prevent nutrition-related diseases
Nutritional research is conducted through the use of the scientific method
The results of nutritional research should always be subjected to challenge and
change
NOT!!!, the results of nutritional research or recommendations can never change
When whole grains are refined, which parts are lost? - ANSWER-Bran
Germ
, Scientific Method - ANSWER-Observed phenomena
Hypothesis generated
Research experiment
Build model over likely explanation
Evaluated by other scientists
Confirmed or rejects
Who is at increased risk of zinc deficiency? - ANSWER-Alcoholics
People with Anorexia Nervosa
The elderly
Pregnant women
Major form in which nitrogen is excreted from the human body? - ANSWER-Urea
Nutrient Density - ANSWER-A measure of how many nutrients per calorie a food
provides compared to its energy content
Functions of Lipoproteins in the Circulatory System - ANSWER-Transport of lipids
and cholesterol in the blood
Adequate Intake - ANSWER-Daily intake amounts set for nutrients for which there
are insufficient research data to establish Estimated Average Requirements
Fatty Acids - ANSWER-Saturated fats
Unsaturated fats
Trans fats
Factors Affecting Basal Metabolic Rate - ANSWER-Thyroxin
% lean tissue
Fever
Product of Cellular Respiration - ANSWER-ATP
Function of Intestinal Epithelial Cells - ANSWER-Nutrient absorption
Barrier and immune defense
Fluid and electrolyte absorption
Secretion of apolipoproteins
Examples of Monosaccharids - ANSWER-Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Enzymes - ANSWER-Biological catalysts that work by lowering the activation energy
of a reaction
Major Function of Protein in the Body - ANSWER-Transport
Fluid balance
Protection
Enzymes
