OCN EXAM Questions and Answers 100%
Solved
tumor lysis syndrome Correct Answ_Increased risk in hematological CA w/ Increased LDH
& increased tumor burden
It is characterized by hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia (EKG changes), and
hyperuricemia.
Prevention of tumor lysisi syndrome invovles hydration and the use of hypouricemic agents such
as allopurinol or rasburicase
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Correct Answ_a bleeding disorder that
disrupts the bodies ability to clot, resulting in acceleration of clotting cascade and subsequent
thrombosis.
In DIC increased thrombin results in multiple fibrin clots in circulation that traps platelets-
disrupting normal coagulation and decreasing plt count
,EGFR Correct Answ_epidermal growth factor receptor
Increase in EGFR associated with more aggressive tumors, poorer prognosis, recurrence, and
resistance to endocrine treatment
Lapatinib (Tykerb) Correct Answ_Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
EGFR inhibitor used in treatment of breast CA
conjugated monoclonal antibodies Correct Answ_- joined to drugs, toxins, or radioactive
atoms
(cannot be joined to hormones)
- used as delivery vehicles to take those substances directly to cancer cells
ex. Iodine-131 tositumomab ( Bexxar)- Follicular NHL (not w/ Rituxan)
ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin)- NHL ( in combo w/ Rituxan)
gemtuzumab ozogamicin (mylotarg)- cd33+ AML
unconjugated monoclonal antibodies ex. Correct Answ_transtuzumab (Herceptin)- Her2+
Breast CA
,alemtuzumab ( Lemtrada) - CD52 B cell CLL
Estrogen receptor + tumors Correct Answ_well differentiated, less likely to respond to single
agent chemotherapy - more likely to respond to endocrine therapy - prolonged survival compared
to ER -
Leading cause of cancer death in women Correct Answ_1. Lung CA
2. Breast Ca
3. Colorectal Ca
Anxiety causes in advanced disease Correct Answ_Disease stage
Hormone recreating tumors
Hypoxia
poorly controlled pain
physiological changes
Tx regimens
Finaical Concerns
Family issues
, Finances
Anxiety tx Correct Answ_relaxation techniques should be taught when anxiety level is low,
pharmacological intervention preferred in moderate- severe anxiety
Bone mets Correct Answ_Approx 85% of pts w/ bone mets have breast or prostate CA ( also
common w lung CA)
Biphosphonates Correct Answ_Can treat both osteoblastic and osteolytic
Used as a preventative measure in its with bone metastases
Effective in relieving bone pain
Hypercalcemia Correct Answ_muscle weakness, lack of coordination, abdominal pain,
confusion, absent tendon reflexes, shallow respirations, emergency!
Hypercalcemia most common in which CA's Correct Answ_Breast
Thyroid
Multiple Myeloma
Solved
tumor lysis syndrome Correct Answ_Increased risk in hematological CA w/ Increased LDH
& increased tumor burden
It is characterized by hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia (EKG changes), and
hyperuricemia.
Prevention of tumor lysisi syndrome invovles hydration and the use of hypouricemic agents such
as allopurinol or rasburicase
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Correct Answ_a bleeding disorder that
disrupts the bodies ability to clot, resulting in acceleration of clotting cascade and subsequent
thrombosis.
In DIC increased thrombin results in multiple fibrin clots in circulation that traps platelets-
disrupting normal coagulation and decreasing plt count
,EGFR Correct Answ_epidermal growth factor receptor
Increase in EGFR associated with more aggressive tumors, poorer prognosis, recurrence, and
resistance to endocrine treatment
Lapatinib (Tykerb) Correct Answ_Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
EGFR inhibitor used in treatment of breast CA
conjugated monoclonal antibodies Correct Answ_- joined to drugs, toxins, or radioactive
atoms
(cannot be joined to hormones)
- used as delivery vehicles to take those substances directly to cancer cells
ex. Iodine-131 tositumomab ( Bexxar)- Follicular NHL (not w/ Rituxan)
ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin)- NHL ( in combo w/ Rituxan)
gemtuzumab ozogamicin (mylotarg)- cd33+ AML
unconjugated monoclonal antibodies ex. Correct Answ_transtuzumab (Herceptin)- Her2+
Breast CA
,alemtuzumab ( Lemtrada) - CD52 B cell CLL
Estrogen receptor + tumors Correct Answ_well differentiated, less likely to respond to single
agent chemotherapy - more likely to respond to endocrine therapy - prolonged survival compared
to ER -
Leading cause of cancer death in women Correct Answ_1. Lung CA
2. Breast Ca
3. Colorectal Ca
Anxiety causes in advanced disease Correct Answ_Disease stage
Hormone recreating tumors
Hypoxia
poorly controlled pain
physiological changes
Tx regimens
Finaical Concerns
Family issues
, Finances
Anxiety tx Correct Answ_relaxation techniques should be taught when anxiety level is low,
pharmacological intervention preferred in moderate- severe anxiety
Bone mets Correct Answ_Approx 85% of pts w/ bone mets have breast or prostate CA ( also
common w lung CA)
Biphosphonates Correct Answ_Can treat both osteoblastic and osteolytic
Used as a preventative measure in its with bone metastases
Effective in relieving bone pain
Hypercalcemia Correct Answ_muscle weakness, lack of coordination, abdominal pain,
confusion, absent tendon reflexes, shallow respirations, emergency!
Hypercalcemia most common in which CA's Correct Answ_Breast
Thyroid
Multiple Myeloma
