,Chapter 1: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The anatomic term ____ means toward the midline.
a. anterior
b. posterior
c. medial
d. cranial
ANS: C
The term medial indicates an anatomic direction toward the midline.
N
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 1 OBJ: 2
TOP: Anatomic terminology KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
U
2. What are the smallest living components in our body?
a. Cells
b. Organs
R
c. Electrons
d. Osmosis
ANS: A
@
SE
Cells are considered to be the smallest living units of structure and function in our body.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 4 OBJ: 6
TOP: Structural levels of organization KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
W
3. What is the largest organelle, responsible for cell reproduction and control of other organelles?
D
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
IS
c. Mitochondrion
O
d. Golgi apparatus
ANS: A
The nucleus is the largest organelle within the cell.
C
W
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 5 OBJ: 8
TOP: Parts of the cell KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
S
ED
4. When the patient complains of pain in the bladder, the patient will indicate discomfort in
which body cavity?
a.Pelvic
b.Mediastinum
c.Dorsal
d.Abdominal
O
ANS: A
C
, A subdivision called the pelvic cavity contains the lower portion of the large intestine (lower
sigmoid colon, rectum), urinary bladder, and internal structures of the reproductive system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 3, Figure 1-4
OBJ: 5 TOP: Body cavity KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
5. The four phases of cell division all occur in:
a. diffusion.
b. mitosis.
c. osmosis.
d. filtration.
ANS: B
N
During mitosis, the cell goes through four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and
telophase.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 7 OBJ: 9
U
TOP: Cell division KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
R
6. Telophase is which phase of cell reproduction during mitosis?
a. First phase
b. Latent phase
@
c. Final phase
SE
d. Spindle phase
ANS: C
During mitosis, the cell goes through four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and
telophase.
W
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 7 OBJ: 9
D
TOP: Cell division KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
IS
O
7. The nurse is aware that which muscle group is both striated and involuntary?
a. Skeletal
b. Glial
c. Cardiac
C
W
d. Visceral
ANS: C
The cardiac muscle is both striated and involuntary.
S
ED
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 9-10, Figure 1-12
OBJ: 11 TOP: Tissues KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
8. What is a group of several different kinds of tissues arranged so that together they can perform
a more complex function than any tissue alone?
O
a. Organ
b. System
C
, c. Cell
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
ANS: A
When several kinds of tissues are united to perform a more complex function than any tissue
alone, they are called organs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 11 OBJ: 7
TOP: Organs KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
9. What traits describe visceral muscles?
a. Smooth and voluntary
b. Smooth and involuntary
N
c. Striated and voluntary
d. Striated and involuntary
ANS: B
U
Visceral (smooth) muscles will not function at will; thus, they act involuntarily.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 9, Figure 1-12
OBJ: 7 TOP: Tissues KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
R
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
10. How are the thoracic and abdominal cavities separated?
@
SE
a. By the pleura
b. By the diaphragm
c. By the sagittal plane
d. By the peritoneum
W
ANS: B
The diaphragm (a muscle directly beneath the lungs) separates the ventral cavity into the
D
thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 10, Figure 1-3
IS
O
OBJ: 3 TOP: Ventral cavity
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
11. What is the broad section of biology dealing with the description of human structure?
C
W
a. Hematology
b. Anatomy
c. Kinesiology
d. Physiology
S
ED
ANS: B
Anatomy is the study, classification, and description of the structure and organs of the body.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 1 OBJ: 1
TOP: Terminology KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
O
12. ____ explains the processes and functions of many structures of the body and how they
interact with one another.
C
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The anatomic term ____ means toward the midline.
a. anterior
b. posterior
c. medial
d. cranial
ANS: C
The term medial indicates an anatomic direction toward the midline.
N
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 1 OBJ: 2
TOP: Anatomic terminology KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
U
2. What are the smallest living components in our body?
a. Cells
b. Organs
R
c. Electrons
d. Osmosis
ANS: A
@
SE
Cells are considered to be the smallest living units of structure and function in our body.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 4 OBJ: 6
TOP: Structural levels of organization KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
W
3. What is the largest organelle, responsible for cell reproduction and control of other organelles?
D
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
IS
c. Mitochondrion
O
d. Golgi apparatus
ANS: A
The nucleus is the largest organelle within the cell.
C
W
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 5 OBJ: 8
TOP: Parts of the cell KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
S
ED
4. When the patient complains of pain in the bladder, the patient will indicate discomfort in
which body cavity?
a.Pelvic
b.Mediastinum
c.Dorsal
d.Abdominal
O
ANS: A
C
, A subdivision called the pelvic cavity contains the lower portion of the large intestine (lower
sigmoid colon, rectum), urinary bladder, and internal structures of the reproductive system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 3, Figure 1-4
OBJ: 5 TOP: Body cavity KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
5. The four phases of cell division all occur in:
a. diffusion.
b. mitosis.
c. osmosis.
d. filtration.
ANS: B
N
During mitosis, the cell goes through four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and
telophase.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 7 OBJ: 9
U
TOP: Cell division KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
R
6. Telophase is which phase of cell reproduction during mitosis?
a. First phase
b. Latent phase
@
c. Final phase
SE
d. Spindle phase
ANS: C
During mitosis, the cell goes through four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and
telophase.
W
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 7 OBJ: 9
D
TOP: Cell division KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
IS
O
7. The nurse is aware that which muscle group is both striated and involuntary?
a. Skeletal
b. Glial
c. Cardiac
C
W
d. Visceral
ANS: C
The cardiac muscle is both striated and involuntary.
S
ED
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 9-10, Figure 1-12
OBJ: 11 TOP: Tissues KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
8. What is a group of several different kinds of tissues arranged so that together they can perform
a more complex function than any tissue alone?
O
a. Organ
b. System
C
, c. Cell
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
ANS: A
When several kinds of tissues are united to perform a more complex function than any tissue
alone, they are called organs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 11 OBJ: 7
TOP: Organs KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
9. What traits describe visceral muscles?
a. Smooth and voluntary
b. Smooth and involuntary
N
c. Striated and voluntary
d. Striated and involuntary
ANS: B
U
Visceral (smooth) muscles will not function at will; thus, they act involuntarily.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 9, Figure 1-12
OBJ: 7 TOP: Tissues KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
R
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
10. How are the thoracic and abdominal cavities separated?
@
SE
a. By the pleura
b. By the diaphragm
c. By the sagittal plane
d. By the peritoneum
W
ANS: B
The diaphragm (a muscle directly beneath the lungs) separates the ventral cavity into the
D
thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 10, Figure 1-3
IS
O
OBJ: 3 TOP: Ventral cavity
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
11. What is the broad section of biology dealing with the description of human structure?
C
W
a. Hematology
b. Anatomy
c. Kinesiology
d. Physiology
S
ED
ANS: B
Anatomy is the study, classification, and description of the structure and organs of the body.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 1 OBJ: 1
TOP: Terminology KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
O
12. ____ explains the processes and functions of many structures of the body and how they
interact with one another.
C
