3/28/25, 9:00 AM NCE National Counselors Exam-Total (2025) ACTUAL EXAM comprehensive questions and verified accurate solution (detailed…
NCE National Counselors Exam-Total (2025)
ACTUAL EXAM comprehensive questions and
verified accurate solution (detailed &
elaborated) 2025 TEST!!
Save
Terms in this set (700)
associated with brief psychotherapy and innovative
Milton H. Erickson
techniques in hypnosis
leading name in cognitive development in children;
developed a four stage model that remains the
same for any culture although the age of the
individual could vary; structuralist; his findings were
Jean Piaget
often derived from observing his own children; felt
teachers should lecture less, as children in concrete
operations learn best via their own actions and
experimentation with peers; genetic epistemologist
an ego psychologist who developed a psychosocial
theory that includes the whole lifespan and focuses
on the resolution of psychosocial crises; stages are
described using bipolar or opposing tendencies;
Erik Erikson theory is epigenetic in nature; the individual does
not totally succeed or fail, but rather leans toward a
given alternative; a maturationist; believed each
developmental stage needs to be resolved before
an individual could move on to the next stage
known for his work in strategic and problem solving
Jay Haley
therapy, often utilizing the technique of paradox
https://quizlet.com/1024098523/nce-national-counselors-exam-total-2025-actual-exam-comprehensive-questions-and-verified-accurate-solution… 1/101
,3/28/25, 9:00 AM NCE National Counselors Exam-Total (2025) ACTUAL EXAM comprehensive questions and verified accurate solution (detailed…
a pioneer in the behavior therapy movement,
especially in regard to the use of systematic
Arnold Lazarus desensitization; his approach to counseling is
multimodal, eclectic, and holistic; BASIC-ID; worked
closely with Joseph Wolpe
known for his ideas related to adult cognitive
William Perry development, especially college students; Perry
stresses dualistic thinking common to teens
things are conceptualized as good or bad or right
Dualistic thinking
and wrong; common to teens; William Perry
ability to perceive that not everything is right or
wrong, but an answer can exist relative to a specific
Relativistic thinking
situation; there is more than one way to view the
world; adulthood
adult cognitive development; his model stresses
interpersonal development - a constructive model
of development, meaning that individuals construct
reality throughout the lifespan; encourages meaning
making; speaks of a holding environment in
Robert Kegan
counseling in which the client can make meaning in
the face of a crisis and can find new direction; Six
Stages of Lifespan Development: incorporative,
impulsive, imperial, interpersonal, institutional,
interindividual
created the first intelligence test with Theodore
Simon; created a 30-question test with school-
related items of increased difficult; used his own
daughters as test subjects in order to investigate
mental processes; cited as one of the pioneers in
Alfred Binet
projective testing based on his work with inkblots;
created the first IQ test around 1905 to discriminate
normal from retarded Parisian children so that
mentally retarded children could be taught
separately
https://quizlet.com/1024098523/nce-national-counselors-exam-total-2025-actual-exam-comprehensive-questions-and-verified-accurate-solution… 2/101
,3/28/25, 9:00 AM NCE National Counselors Exam-Total (2025) ACTUAL EXAM comprehensive questions and verified accurate solution (detailed…
a parametric statistical test used in formal
experiments to determine whether there is a
significant difference between two groups (i.e., two
means); utilized to ascertain if the means of the
groups are significantly different from each other;
t test when using, the groups should be normally
(aka Two-groups or two- distributed; a test of significance; simplistic form of
randomized-gruops the analysis of variance (ANOVA); when computed,
research design) it yields a t value which is then compared to a t table
and if the t value obtained statistically is lower than
the t value (aka critical t) in the table, then you
accept the null hypothesis; you computation must
exceed the number cited in the table in order to
reject null
the notion that a substance's mass, weight, and
volume (in the order mastered - MWV) remain the
Conservation
same even if it changes shape; Piaget's term;
mastered during the concrete operations stage
allows language and symbolism in play to occur (i.e.,
Symbolic schema/mental a milk carton can easily become a spaceship); a
processes cognitive structure that grows with life experience;
Piaget's theory
the child's current cognitive structures; a system
Schema which permits the child to test out things in the
physical world and process new information
disagreed with Piaget's notion that developmental
stages take place naturally - insisted that the stages
Lev Vygotsky
unfold due to educational intervention; pioneered
the zone of proximal development
leading theorist in moral development; theory is
epigenetic in nature; theory has 3 levels of moral
Lawrence Kohlberg
development each with 2 stages that applies to all
people
https://quizlet.com/1024098523/nce-national-counselors-exam-total-2025-actual-exam-comprehensive-questions-and-verified-accurate-solution… 3/101
, 3/28/25, 9:00 AM NCE National Counselors Exam-Total (2025) ACTUAL EXAM comprehensive questions and verified accurate solution (detailed…
a humanistic psychologist famous for his hierarchy
of needs (survival, security, safety, love, self-esteem,
self-actualization) in which the lower-order needs
must be fulfilled before the individual can be
concerned with higher-order needs; to research the
Abraham Maslow
dilemma of self-actualization, he interviewed the
best people he could find who escaped "the
psychology of the average;" rejected analytic
psychology and behaviorism; coined the term,
positive psychology; theory is epigenetic in nature
biological term borrowed from embryology; states
Epigenetic that each stage emerges from the one before it, the
process follows a given order and is systematic
father of American behaviorism; demonstrated that
John B. Watson a phobic reaction was learned through his
experiment with Little Albert
if it can't be measured, it doesn't exist; tend to
emphasize the power of environment; Key figures:
Behaviorism
Skinner, Watson, Wolpe, Krumboltz, Salter, Lazarus;
rivals of analysts
one can undo an action, hence an object can return
Reversibility
to its initial shape; mastered in concrete operations
the child cannot view the world from the vantage
Egocentrism point of someone else; occurs in the preoperational
stage
one method used by Kohlberg to assess the level
and stage of moral development in an individual;
The Heinz Story the individual's reason for the decision (rather than
the decision itself) could be used to assess moral
development
https://quizlet.com/1024098523/nce-national-counselors-exam-total-2025-actual-exam-comprehensive-questions-and-verified-accurate-solution… 4/101
NCE National Counselors Exam-Total (2025)
ACTUAL EXAM comprehensive questions and
verified accurate solution (detailed &
elaborated) 2025 TEST!!
Save
Terms in this set (700)
associated with brief psychotherapy and innovative
Milton H. Erickson
techniques in hypnosis
leading name in cognitive development in children;
developed a four stage model that remains the
same for any culture although the age of the
individual could vary; structuralist; his findings were
Jean Piaget
often derived from observing his own children; felt
teachers should lecture less, as children in concrete
operations learn best via their own actions and
experimentation with peers; genetic epistemologist
an ego psychologist who developed a psychosocial
theory that includes the whole lifespan and focuses
on the resolution of psychosocial crises; stages are
described using bipolar or opposing tendencies;
Erik Erikson theory is epigenetic in nature; the individual does
not totally succeed or fail, but rather leans toward a
given alternative; a maturationist; believed each
developmental stage needs to be resolved before
an individual could move on to the next stage
known for his work in strategic and problem solving
Jay Haley
therapy, often utilizing the technique of paradox
https://quizlet.com/1024098523/nce-national-counselors-exam-total-2025-actual-exam-comprehensive-questions-and-verified-accurate-solution… 1/101
,3/28/25, 9:00 AM NCE National Counselors Exam-Total (2025) ACTUAL EXAM comprehensive questions and verified accurate solution (detailed…
a pioneer in the behavior therapy movement,
especially in regard to the use of systematic
Arnold Lazarus desensitization; his approach to counseling is
multimodal, eclectic, and holistic; BASIC-ID; worked
closely with Joseph Wolpe
known for his ideas related to adult cognitive
William Perry development, especially college students; Perry
stresses dualistic thinking common to teens
things are conceptualized as good or bad or right
Dualistic thinking
and wrong; common to teens; William Perry
ability to perceive that not everything is right or
wrong, but an answer can exist relative to a specific
Relativistic thinking
situation; there is more than one way to view the
world; adulthood
adult cognitive development; his model stresses
interpersonal development - a constructive model
of development, meaning that individuals construct
reality throughout the lifespan; encourages meaning
making; speaks of a holding environment in
Robert Kegan
counseling in which the client can make meaning in
the face of a crisis and can find new direction; Six
Stages of Lifespan Development: incorporative,
impulsive, imperial, interpersonal, institutional,
interindividual
created the first intelligence test with Theodore
Simon; created a 30-question test with school-
related items of increased difficult; used his own
daughters as test subjects in order to investigate
mental processes; cited as one of the pioneers in
Alfred Binet
projective testing based on his work with inkblots;
created the first IQ test around 1905 to discriminate
normal from retarded Parisian children so that
mentally retarded children could be taught
separately
https://quizlet.com/1024098523/nce-national-counselors-exam-total-2025-actual-exam-comprehensive-questions-and-verified-accurate-solution… 2/101
,3/28/25, 9:00 AM NCE National Counselors Exam-Total (2025) ACTUAL EXAM comprehensive questions and verified accurate solution (detailed…
a parametric statistical test used in formal
experiments to determine whether there is a
significant difference between two groups (i.e., two
means); utilized to ascertain if the means of the
groups are significantly different from each other;
t test when using, the groups should be normally
(aka Two-groups or two- distributed; a test of significance; simplistic form of
randomized-gruops the analysis of variance (ANOVA); when computed,
research design) it yields a t value which is then compared to a t table
and if the t value obtained statistically is lower than
the t value (aka critical t) in the table, then you
accept the null hypothesis; you computation must
exceed the number cited in the table in order to
reject null
the notion that a substance's mass, weight, and
volume (in the order mastered - MWV) remain the
Conservation
same even if it changes shape; Piaget's term;
mastered during the concrete operations stage
allows language and symbolism in play to occur (i.e.,
Symbolic schema/mental a milk carton can easily become a spaceship); a
processes cognitive structure that grows with life experience;
Piaget's theory
the child's current cognitive structures; a system
Schema which permits the child to test out things in the
physical world and process new information
disagreed with Piaget's notion that developmental
stages take place naturally - insisted that the stages
Lev Vygotsky
unfold due to educational intervention; pioneered
the zone of proximal development
leading theorist in moral development; theory is
epigenetic in nature; theory has 3 levels of moral
Lawrence Kohlberg
development each with 2 stages that applies to all
people
https://quizlet.com/1024098523/nce-national-counselors-exam-total-2025-actual-exam-comprehensive-questions-and-verified-accurate-solution… 3/101
, 3/28/25, 9:00 AM NCE National Counselors Exam-Total (2025) ACTUAL EXAM comprehensive questions and verified accurate solution (detailed…
a humanistic psychologist famous for his hierarchy
of needs (survival, security, safety, love, self-esteem,
self-actualization) in which the lower-order needs
must be fulfilled before the individual can be
concerned with higher-order needs; to research the
Abraham Maslow
dilemma of self-actualization, he interviewed the
best people he could find who escaped "the
psychology of the average;" rejected analytic
psychology and behaviorism; coined the term,
positive psychology; theory is epigenetic in nature
biological term borrowed from embryology; states
Epigenetic that each stage emerges from the one before it, the
process follows a given order and is systematic
father of American behaviorism; demonstrated that
John B. Watson a phobic reaction was learned through his
experiment with Little Albert
if it can't be measured, it doesn't exist; tend to
emphasize the power of environment; Key figures:
Behaviorism
Skinner, Watson, Wolpe, Krumboltz, Salter, Lazarus;
rivals of analysts
one can undo an action, hence an object can return
Reversibility
to its initial shape; mastered in concrete operations
the child cannot view the world from the vantage
Egocentrism point of someone else; occurs in the preoperational
stage
one method used by Kohlberg to assess the level
and stage of moral development in an individual;
The Heinz Story the individual's reason for the decision (rather than
the decision itself) could be used to assess moral
development
https://quizlet.com/1024098523/nce-national-counselors-exam-total-2025-actual-exam-comprehensive-questions-and-verified-accurate-solution… 4/101
