IBHRE CEPS SVT and VT UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Recurrent AF - CORRECT ANSWER - 2+ episodes of AF
Paroxysmal AF - CORRECT ANSWER - self terminating episodes of AF, generally less
than 7 days
Persistent AF - CORRECT ANSWER - Episodes of AF that is sustained over 7 days,
generally require cardioversion
Permanent AF - CORRECT ANSWER - Failed cardioversion or sustained AF over 1 year,
further attempts to convert the rhythm are deemed futile
Irregular wavefront becomes fractionated as it divides into smaller, independent daughter
wavelets - CORRECT ANSWER - Describe the Multiple Wavelet Theory of AF
One dominant circuit that collides with anatomical obstacles and breaks into smaller wavelets -
CORRECT ANSWER - Describe the Mother Circuit theory of AF
Multiple foci from pulmonary veins enter the LA at a rapid rate, and some tissue fails to conduct
in a 1:1 manner, leading to AF - CORRECT ANSWER - Describe the Focal Drivers theory
of AF
AF - CORRECT ANSWER - Most common clinical arrhythmia
1 out of 6 - CORRECT ANSWER - How many strokes are due to AF?
, 3-4 weeks - CORRECT ANSWER - AF lasting more than 48 hours should have ___ (time)
Warfarin prior to and following cardioversion
2.5 - CORRECT ANSWER - Target INR following Warfarin before cardioversion
1.7 - CORRECT ANSWER - An INR less than ___ doubles the risk of stroke during
cardioversion
CHADS Score - CORRECT ANSWER - Measure that is an assessment of stroke risk
2 points - CORRECT ANSWER - How many points does a prior stroke add to CHADS
Score?
Age over 75 years, hypertension, diabetes, CHF - CORRECT ANSWER - Name four 1
point contributors to CHADS Score
3 - CORRECT ANSWER - A CHADS Score of ___ or more should receive Warfarin as
the patient is deemed at high risk of stroke
Goal of resting HR 60-80 BPM, active HR 90-110 BPM, with an average of 100BPM or less
- achieved through beta blockers, amiodarone, AVN + PPM - CORRECT ANSWER -
What is rate control and how is it achieved?
Goal is to reduce symptoms, prevent stroke, and avoid tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy
- achieved through conversion to sinus (electrical/chemical cardioversion), then maintenance of
sinus - CORRECT ANSWER - What is rhythm control and how is it achieved?
5 half lives - CORRECT ANSWER - How long should an antiarrhythmic drug be stopped
before ablation?
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Recurrent AF - CORRECT ANSWER - 2+ episodes of AF
Paroxysmal AF - CORRECT ANSWER - self terminating episodes of AF, generally less
than 7 days
Persistent AF - CORRECT ANSWER - Episodes of AF that is sustained over 7 days,
generally require cardioversion
Permanent AF - CORRECT ANSWER - Failed cardioversion or sustained AF over 1 year,
further attempts to convert the rhythm are deemed futile
Irregular wavefront becomes fractionated as it divides into smaller, independent daughter
wavelets - CORRECT ANSWER - Describe the Multiple Wavelet Theory of AF
One dominant circuit that collides with anatomical obstacles and breaks into smaller wavelets -
CORRECT ANSWER - Describe the Mother Circuit theory of AF
Multiple foci from pulmonary veins enter the LA at a rapid rate, and some tissue fails to conduct
in a 1:1 manner, leading to AF - CORRECT ANSWER - Describe the Focal Drivers theory
of AF
AF - CORRECT ANSWER - Most common clinical arrhythmia
1 out of 6 - CORRECT ANSWER - How many strokes are due to AF?
, 3-4 weeks - CORRECT ANSWER - AF lasting more than 48 hours should have ___ (time)
Warfarin prior to and following cardioversion
2.5 - CORRECT ANSWER - Target INR following Warfarin before cardioversion
1.7 - CORRECT ANSWER - An INR less than ___ doubles the risk of stroke during
cardioversion
CHADS Score - CORRECT ANSWER - Measure that is an assessment of stroke risk
2 points - CORRECT ANSWER - How many points does a prior stroke add to CHADS
Score?
Age over 75 years, hypertension, diabetes, CHF - CORRECT ANSWER - Name four 1
point contributors to CHADS Score
3 - CORRECT ANSWER - A CHADS Score of ___ or more should receive Warfarin as
the patient is deemed at high risk of stroke
Goal of resting HR 60-80 BPM, active HR 90-110 BPM, with an average of 100BPM or less
- achieved through beta blockers, amiodarone, AVN + PPM - CORRECT ANSWER -
What is rate control and how is it achieved?
Goal is to reduce symptoms, prevent stroke, and avoid tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy
- achieved through conversion to sinus (electrical/chemical cardioversion), then maintenance of
sinus - CORRECT ANSWER - What is rhythm control and how is it achieved?
5 half lives - CORRECT ANSWER - How long should an antiarrhythmic drug be stopped
before ablation?
