Seeley's Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 6 Questions and Complete
Solutions
1. How does the skeleton support the body? What is the function of a ligament? - Answer: Supports the
body both inside and outside. Ligaments hold bones together.
2. What are examples of how the bones of the skeleton protect vital organs? - Answer: Protects organs
like the brain, spinal cord, and the heart.
3. How does the skeleton provide movement? What is the function of a tendon? - Answer: Provides
movement. As muscles move bones, the body moves too. Muscles are attached to bones by tendons.
4. What minerals are stored by bones? - Answer: Bones store minerals (calcium, phosphorus,
magnesium) and additional nutrients.
5. What blood cells are produced by red bone marrow? - Answer: Blood cells (RBC, WBC, and Platelets)
are produced in red bone marrow.
6. What are the specialized cells found in cartilage? - Answer: chondrocytes in lacunae
7. What is the purpose of proteoglycans in cartilage? - Answer: makes cartilage bendable and soft.
What does resilient mean? - Answer: goes back to position
8. Compare the functions of chondroblasts and chondrocytes? - Answer: Chondroblasts (cartilage
matrix-producers).
Chondrocytes (cartilage-maintenance cells).
9. What is a perichondrium? - Answer: The Perichondrium is a thin covering over the main body of the
cartilage.
, 10. Why is hyaline cartilage called articular cartilage? - Answer: because it covers the ends of bones.
11. What is appositional growth in cartilage? - Answer: on the outside
What is interstitial growth in cartilage? - Answer: within the cells
12. Know examples of long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones - Answer: Long bones
include the femur, the humerus, the tibia and several other bones.
Short bones are carpals and tarsals.
Flat bones include bones like the sternum and
the scapula.
Irregular bones are vertebrae.
13. What is the difference between a bone diaphysis and a bone epiphysis? - Answer: The Diaphysis is
the middle section of a bone.
• The Epiphysis refers to the ends of a bone.
14. What is the difference between an epiphyseal plate and an epiphyseal line? - Answer: The
Epiphyseal plate contains cartilage used for producing bone.
• The Epiphyseal line is formed after the epiphyseal plate has stopped producing bone).
15. Where is the medullary cavity and what is contained in it? - Answer: The Medullary cavity is the
cavity inside the diaphysis that contains yellow marrow.
16. Where is the periosteum and what does it contain? - Answer: The Periosteum is the covering of a
bone. It contains nerves and blood vessels.
17. What are Sharpey's fibers? - Answer: Sharpey's fibers attach the periosteum to the bone as well as
serving as attachments for ligaments and tendons.
Chapter 6 Questions and Complete
Solutions
1. How does the skeleton support the body? What is the function of a ligament? - Answer: Supports the
body both inside and outside. Ligaments hold bones together.
2. What are examples of how the bones of the skeleton protect vital organs? - Answer: Protects organs
like the brain, spinal cord, and the heart.
3. How does the skeleton provide movement? What is the function of a tendon? - Answer: Provides
movement. As muscles move bones, the body moves too. Muscles are attached to bones by tendons.
4. What minerals are stored by bones? - Answer: Bones store minerals (calcium, phosphorus,
magnesium) and additional nutrients.
5. What blood cells are produced by red bone marrow? - Answer: Blood cells (RBC, WBC, and Platelets)
are produced in red bone marrow.
6. What are the specialized cells found in cartilage? - Answer: chondrocytes in lacunae
7. What is the purpose of proteoglycans in cartilage? - Answer: makes cartilage bendable and soft.
What does resilient mean? - Answer: goes back to position
8. Compare the functions of chondroblasts and chondrocytes? - Answer: Chondroblasts (cartilage
matrix-producers).
Chondrocytes (cartilage-maintenance cells).
9. What is a perichondrium? - Answer: The Perichondrium is a thin covering over the main body of the
cartilage.
, 10. Why is hyaline cartilage called articular cartilage? - Answer: because it covers the ends of bones.
11. What is appositional growth in cartilage? - Answer: on the outside
What is interstitial growth in cartilage? - Answer: within the cells
12. Know examples of long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones - Answer: Long bones
include the femur, the humerus, the tibia and several other bones.
Short bones are carpals and tarsals.
Flat bones include bones like the sternum and
the scapula.
Irregular bones are vertebrae.
13. What is the difference between a bone diaphysis and a bone epiphysis? - Answer: The Diaphysis is
the middle section of a bone.
• The Epiphysis refers to the ends of a bone.
14. What is the difference between an epiphyseal plate and an epiphyseal line? - Answer: The
Epiphyseal plate contains cartilage used for producing bone.
• The Epiphyseal line is formed after the epiphyseal plate has stopped producing bone).
15. Where is the medullary cavity and what is contained in it? - Answer: The Medullary cavity is the
cavity inside the diaphysis that contains yellow marrow.
16. Where is the periosteum and what does it contain? - Answer: The Periosteum is the covering of a
bone. It contains nerves and blood vessels.
17. What are Sharpey's fibers? - Answer: Sharpey's fibers attach the periosteum to the bone as well as
serving as attachments for ligaments and tendons.
