Test #2 Focal Points-New
Units 5-8
Substance Abuse
Blood Alcohol Level (BAL)-Florida limit
0.8
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Brain disorder caused by thiamine deficiency
characterized by visual disturbances, ataxia, somnolence, stupor, and death
Korsakoffs-symptoms, cause, treatment
Syndrome of confusion, loss of recent memory, and confabulation in Alcoholics
Tx parenteral or oral thiamine replacement
Alcohol withdrawal-signs & symptoms, treatment, meds, time frames
s/s withdrawal include coarse tremor, N/V, malaise, tachycardia, sweating, elevated BP, anxiety,
depressed mood, irritability, transient hallucinations, headache, and insomnia
Benzodiazepines used for medication assisted tx; chlordiazepoxide, oxazepam, lorazepam, and
diazepam
W/in 4-12 hours of cessation/reduction in heavy/prolonged alcohol use symptoms may appear;
symptoms usually peak within 2-4 days
Heroin (opiate)-symptoms of use-withdrawal-signs & symptoms, Overdose
s/s of use include euphoria, lethargy, drowsiness, lack of motivation, constricted pupils
s/s of withdrawal include dysphoric mood, N/V, muscle aches, lacrimation or rhinorrhea,
pupillary dilation, sweating, diarrhea, yawning, fever, and insomnia
s/s of OD shallow breathing, slow pulse, clammy skin, pulmonary edema, respiratory arrest,
convulsions, coma, and possible death
Alcohol- rehab/relapse
, Defense mechanisms
Dual Diagnosis/co-occurring disorders
Patient has coexisting substance disorder and mental illness; Tx it is designed to target both problems
AA
Major self-help organization for Tx of alcoholism; based on concept of peer support; only requirement
for membership is desire to stop drinking
Cocaine use
s/s of use include euphoria, hyperactivity, restlessness, talkativeness, increased pulse, dilated
pupils, rhinitis
Marijuana use symptoms
s/s of use include relaxation, talkativeness, lowered inhibitions, euphoria, mood swings
Impaired nurse characteristics
Meds
Chlordiazepoxide- used to prevent adverse effects of alcohol withdrawal
Disulfiram- drug that can be administered as a deterrent to drinking to individuals who abuse alcohol
Thiamine- used for alcoholics with thiamine deficiency; Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Naloxone and Naltrexone- used to treat opioid intoxication/overdose
Buprenorphine- opioid partial agonist used to treat opioid addiction
Schizophrenia
Illness onset, etiology, nursing process, family involvement
Schizophrenia-signs and symptoms, interventions, meds (anti-psychotics), action, side effects, priority
focus, treatments/therapy
Delusions-interventions, types
Erickson’s developmental level-Which level do you think an acute schizophrenia is in and why?
Units 5-8
Substance Abuse
Blood Alcohol Level (BAL)-Florida limit
0.8
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Brain disorder caused by thiamine deficiency
characterized by visual disturbances, ataxia, somnolence, stupor, and death
Korsakoffs-symptoms, cause, treatment
Syndrome of confusion, loss of recent memory, and confabulation in Alcoholics
Tx parenteral or oral thiamine replacement
Alcohol withdrawal-signs & symptoms, treatment, meds, time frames
s/s withdrawal include coarse tremor, N/V, malaise, tachycardia, sweating, elevated BP, anxiety,
depressed mood, irritability, transient hallucinations, headache, and insomnia
Benzodiazepines used for medication assisted tx; chlordiazepoxide, oxazepam, lorazepam, and
diazepam
W/in 4-12 hours of cessation/reduction in heavy/prolonged alcohol use symptoms may appear;
symptoms usually peak within 2-4 days
Heroin (opiate)-symptoms of use-withdrawal-signs & symptoms, Overdose
s/s of use include euphoria, lethargy, drowsiness, lack of motivation, constricted pupils
s/s of withdrawal include dysphoric mood, N/V, muscle aches, lacrimation or rhinorrhea,
pupillary dilation, sweating, diarrhea, yawning, fever, and insomnia
s/s of OD shallow breathing, slow pulse, clammy skin, pulmonary edema, respiratory arrest,
convulsions, coma, and possible death
Alcohol- rehab/relapse
, Defense mechanisms
Dual Diagnosis/co-occurring disorders
Patient has coexisting substance disorder and mental illness; Tx it is designed to target both problems
AA
Major self-help organization for Tx of alcoholism; based on concept of peer support; only requirement
for membership is desire to stop drinking
Cocaine use
s/s of use include euphoria, hyperactivity, restlessness, talkativeness, increased pulse, dilated
pupils, rhinitis
Marijuana use symptoms
s/s of use include relaxation, talkativeness, lowered inhibitions, euphoria, mood swings
Impaired nurse characteristics
Meds
Chlordiazepoxide- used to prevent adverse effects of alcohol withdrawal
Disulfiram- drug that can be administered as a deterrent to drinking to individuals who abuse alcohol
Thiamine- used for alcoholics with thiamine deficiency; Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Naloxone and Naltrexone- used to treat opioid intoxication/overdose
Buprenorphine- opioid partial agonist used to treat opioid addiction
Schizophrenia
Illness onset, etiology, nursing process, family involvement
Schizophrenia-signs and symptoms, interventions, meds (anti-psychotics), action, side effects, priority
focus, treatments/therapy
Delusions-interventions, types
Erickson’s developmental level-Which level do you think an acute schizophrenia is in and why?
