BIO 253: Exam 5 Review (Ch. 12-14) Questions
and Answers Verified by Experts
12 how many cranial nerves are there?
31 how many pairs of spinal cord nerves are there?
sensory receptor a structure of the nervous system that monitors changes in external or
internal environment.
sensory and motor what are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system
sensory (afferent) division conveys input into the CNS from sensory receptors in the body.
Provides the CNS sensory information about the somatic senses and special senses
somatic senses tactile, thermal, pain, proprioceptive sensations
special senses smell, taste, vision, hearing, and equilibrium
,BIO 253: Exam 5 Review (Ch. 12-14) Questions
and Answers Verified by Experts
motor (efferent) division conveys output from the CNS to effectors (muscles and glands).
This division is further subdivided into somatic nervous system and an autonomic nervous
system.
somatic nervous system (SNS) conveys output from the CNS to skeletal muscles only;
motor responses can be consciously controlled, the action of this part of the PNS is voluntary.
autonomic nervous system (ANS) conveys output from the CNS to smooth muscles,
cardiac muscles, and glands; motor responses are not consciously controlled, the action of this
part of the PNS is involuntary.
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system what are the two subdivision of the autonomic nervous
system
parasympathetic nervous system takes care of the "rest and digest" activities
, BIO 253: Exam 5 Review (Ch. 12-14) Questions
and Answers Verified by Experts
sympathetic nervous system helps support exercise or emergency actions- the so called
"fight or flight" responses.
enteric nervous system third part of the autonomic nervous system; confined to the walls
of the gastrointestinal tract. Helps regulate the activity of the smooth muscles and glands of the
GI tract. Can function independently, but is also regulated by other branches in the ANS.
sensory
integrative
motor what are the three main functions of the nervous system
sensory function sensory receptors detect internal stimuli, such as an increase in blood
pressure, or external stimuli (raindrop falling on your skin). this sensory information is then
carried into the brain and spinal cord through cranial and spinal nerves
integrative function the nervous system processes sensory information by analyzing it and
making decisions for appropriate responses
, BIO 253: Exam 5 Review (Ch. 12-14) Questions
and Answers Verified by Experts
motor function once sensory information is integrated, the nervous system may elect an
appropriate motor response by activating effectors through cranial and spinal nerves. stimulation
of the effectors causes muscles to contract and glands to secrete.
hormones endocrine cells release tiny amounts of chemicals into circulating fluids;
produce varying effects; target = virtually all body cells (but most have receptors); generally
control growth and metabolism
endocrine system where are hormones found
nerves timing for responses is milliseconds; utilize highly specialized cells; carry
electrochemical impulses. high energy expenditure. generally monitor external environment and
respond
85 billion how many neurons does the brain have
100 million how many neurons does the spinal cord have
and Answers Verified by Experts
12 how many cranial nerves are there?
31 how many pairs of spinal cord nerves are there?
sensory receptor a structure of the nervous system that monitors changes in external or
internal environment.
sensory and motor what are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system
sensory (afferent) division conveys input into the CNS from sensory receptors in the body.
Provides the CNS sensory information about the somatic senses and special senses
somatic senses tactile, thermal, pain, proprioceptive sensations
special senses smell, taste, vision, hearing, and equilibrium
,BIO 253: Exam 5 Review (Ch. 12-14) Questions
and Answers Verified by Experts
motor (efferent) division conveys output from the CNS to effectors (muscles and glands).
This division is further subdivided into somatic nervous system and an autonomic nervous
system.
somatic nervous system (SNS) conveys output from the CNS to skeletal muscles only;
motor responses can be consciously controlled, the action of this part of the PNS is voluntary.
autonomic nervous system (ANS) conveys output from the CNS to smooth muscles,
cardiac muscles, and glands; motor responses are not consciously controlled, the action of this
part of the PNS is involuntary.
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system what are the two subdivision of the autonomic nervous
system
parasympathetic nervous system takes care of the "rest and digest" activities
, BIO 253: Exam 5 Review (Ch. 12-14) Questions
and Answers Verified by Experts
sympathetic nervous system helps support exercise or emergency actions- the so called
"fight or flight" responses.
enteric nervous system third part of the autonomic nervous system; confined to the walls
of the gastrointestinal tract. Helps regulate the activity of the smooth muscles and glands of the
GI tract. Can function independently, but is also regulated by other branches in the ANS.
sensory
integrative
motor what are the three main functions of the nervous system
sensory function sensory receptors detect internal stimuli, such as an increase in blood
pressure, or external stimuli (raindrop falling on your skin). this sensory information is then
carried into the brain and spinal cord through cranial and spinal nerves
integrative function the nervous system processes sensory information by analyzing it and
making decisions for appropriate responses
, BIO 253: Exam 5 Review (Ch. 12-14) Questions
and Answers Verified by Experts
motor function once sensory information is integrated, the nervous system may elect an
appropriate motor response by activating effectors through cranial and spinal nerves. stimulation
of the effectors causes muscles to contract and glands to secrete.
hormones endocrine cells release tiny amounts of chemicals into circulating fluids;
produce varying effects; target = virtually all body cells (but most have receptors); generally
control growth and metabolism
endocrine system where are hormones found
nerves timing for responses is milliseconds; utilize highly specialized cells; carry
electrochemical impulses. high energy expenditure. generally monitor external environment and
respond
85 billion how many neurons does the brain have
100 million how many neurons does the spinal cord have
