Bio 109 Chapter 27 Questions and Answers
Graded A+
How does penicillin inhibit prokaryotic growth? penicillin prevents petidoglycan from
cross linking
capsule enables prokaryotes to adhere to their substrate or to other individuals to form a
colony; can shield pathogenic species from host's immune system,
frimbriae hair-like appendages that prokaryotes use to stick to one another.
What are the major differences in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? lack
compartimentilization; infolded regions of plasma membrane; smaller simpler genomes;
ribosomes are smaller
What is a plasmid and what is its function? smaller ring of DNA that replicate
independently and can transfer between partners.
, How do the antibiotics erythromycin and tetracycline inhibit bacterial growth? they bind
to bacteria's large ribosomes and prevent protein synthesis
What is horizontal gene transfer? bringing together of DNA from different individuals that
also helps facilitate rapid evolution
What are the three mechanisms prokaryotes use to transfer genes between individuals?
transformation, conjugation, and transduction
transformation method of gene transfer where the cell takes up genes from the
surrounding environment
conjugation method of gene transfer where there is direct transfer of genes from one
prokaryote to another
Transduction method of gene transfer when viruses transfer genes from one prokaryote to
another
question number 15 ...
Graded A+
How does penicillin inhibit prokaryotic growth? penicillin prevents petidoglycan from
cross linking
capsule enables prokaryotes to adhere to their substrate or to other individuals to form a
colony; can shield pathogenic species from host's immune system,
frimbriae hair-like appendages that prokaryotes use to stick to one another.
What are the major differences in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? lack
compartimentilization; infolded regions of plasma membrane; smaller simpler genomes;
ribosomes are smaller
What is a plasmid and what is its function? smaller ring of DNA that replicate
independently and can transfer between partners.
, How do the antibiotics erythromycin and tetracycline inhibit bacterial growth? they bind
to bacteria's large ribosomes and prevent protein synthesis
What is horizontal gene transfer? bringing together of DNA from different individuals that
also helps facilitate rapid evolution
What are the three mechanisms prokaryotes use to transfer genes between individuals?
transformation, conjugation, and transduction
transformation method of gene transfer where the cell takes up genes from the
surrounding environment
conjugation method of gene transfer where there is direct transfer of genes from one
prokaryote to another
Transduction method of gene transfer when viruses transfer genes from one prokaryote to
another
question number 15 ...
