LINDSEY JONES PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
VERIFIED
Which of the following equipment is most helpful at measuring FRC in a patient who
has significant non-ventilated lung spaces?
A. nitrogen analyzer for a nitrogen washout test
B. helium analyzer for a helium dilution test
C. peak flow meter
D. plethysmograph - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : D
• Explanation :
You can determine FRC in three different ways - body box, nitrogen washout, or helium
dilution. If someone has non-ventilated lung space, nitrogen washout and helium
dilution are not helpful and may be inaccurate. FRC determined by body box will be
higher because it can access non-ventilated lung space and therefore is more accurate
The respiratory therapist is making a home visit to evaluate an oxygen-dependent
patient. The patient has 3+ pitting peripheral edema and has not followed the
physician's orders to limit fluid intake. You would expect which of the following
hemodynamic values?
A. elevated right sided preload with a normal to low right ventricular after load
B. elevated PCWP with a low cardiac output
C. reduced cardiac index
D. low mean arterial pressure - ANSWER-The correct answer is : A
• • Explanation :
Right-sided preload is another name for CVP (central venous pressure). Peripheral
edema is one of the signs associated with right heart failure, which results in an
elevated CVP with a normal or low pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), a.k.a. right
ventricular afterload
A ventilator-dependent patient is scheduled for an MRI, which will require a transport of
90 minutes. The patient is receiving humidification with a heated- humidification system.
A transport ventilator is available. How should a respiratory therapist assure that
humidification will be provided to the patient during the MRI procedure?
A. Provide an HME
B. Provide a pass-over humidifier
C. Provide ventilation with a manual resuscitator
D. Use the same humidification system in use on the primary ventilation - ANSWER-•
The correct answer is : A
• • Explanation :
,A heat moisture exchanger (HME) is appropriate for a transport of only 90 min.
Furthermore, the scenario does not suggest that the patient has thick, retained
secretions, therefore an HME may be applied
Which of the following conditions would benefit most from polysomnography?
A. obesity with increased day-time sleepiness
B. suspected increased airway resistance
C. congestive heart failure
D. COPD - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : A
• • Explanation :
Polysomnography is another word for sleep study. An obese patient who has daytime
sleepiness would benefit most from polysomnography. Keep in mind that
Polysomnography is the study of the problem - not the solution. But it must be done for
diagnostic purposes and in order to find the adequate CPAP setting
Which of the following can accurately be stated about a widening alveolar-arterial
oxygen gradient?
A. improving V/Q mismatch
B. decreased venous admixture
C. increased intrapulmonary shunting
D. onset of oxygen toxicity - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : C
• Explanation :
A normal alveolar arterial oxygen gradient is below 65 mmHg. When that gradient rises
to 200, 300, 400, or more, then you have what is called shunting. If the A-a gradient is
less than 300 it's technically called a ventilation perfusion (VQ) mismatch. But generally
speaking, as the gradient widens it can properly be said that there is an increase in
pulmonary shunting.
How many hours will an H cylinder with 1400 psi last for a patient receiving oxygen at 7
lpm?
A. 6 hours
B. less than 1 hour
C. 4 hours
D. 10 hours - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : D
• • Explanation :
And H cylinder has a tank factor of 3.14. 3.14x1400 PSI = 4396 L. 4396 L / 7 L per
minute = 628 min. 628 min./ 60 min.= 10.4 hours, or about 10 hours. When you get an
answer that is not exact, pick the closest number possible. It is common on the exam
not see the exact answer from your calculation. This is because the NBRC knows that
you're estimating
An emergency room physician orders an arterial blood gas with Carboxyhemoglobin
level. This exam will help the physician determine which of the following?
• A. Carbon dioxide serum levels
• B. Presence of sickle cell anemia
,• C. CO poisoning
• D. Presence of fetal hemoglobin - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : C
• • Explanation :
Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels are determined with an instrument called a co-
oximeter, which directly measures arterial blood COHb. Both carbon monoxide
poisoning and evidence of smoking, or exposure to cigarette smoke can be determined
with the COHb level.
What is the relative humidity of the inspired gas of a patient who is intubated if the
humidity deficit is 33 mg/L?
A. 25%
B. 100%
C. 50%
D. 75% - ANSWER-The correct answer is : A
Explanation :
There are 44 mg of water per liter of gas if the gas is at 100% relative humidity. If you
have only 11 mg/L of gas (deficit of 33 mg) then you have only 25% relative humidity
because 11 mg is 25% of 44
A COPD patient who has bilateral expiratory wheezing would benefit most immediately
from which of the following medications?
A. Albuterol
B. Budesonide (Pulmicort)
C. Tilade (Nedocromil)
D. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) - ANSWER-The correct answer is : A
Explanation :
A COPD patient would benefit most from short-term bronchodilation because the patient
is currently wheezing. Of the options listed, only albuterol is considered to be a
bronchodilator
A patient with acute epiglottitis is awaiting transport to surgery for a tracheotomy under
anesthesia. SpO2 is 88% on room air. While waiting the patient would benefit most from
which of the following?
A. nasal cannula at 2 L/min
B. simple mask at 6 L/min
C. heliox therapy with 60%/40% mixture
D. high flow Venturi mask set at 50% - ANSWER-The correct answer is : C
Explanation :
The patient has an arterial oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. This is consistent with
hypoxemia and indicates a need for supplemental oxygen. Because the patient has
, acute epiglottitis, Heliox therapy is appropriate to reduce airway resistance. Additionally,
the patient would benefit from an adult therapeutic dose of oxygen, which starts at 40%.
Therefore, 60-40% Heliox mixture is most appropriate
The respiratory therapist notes a fall in pulse from 80/min to 60/min with a proportional
drop in blood pressure during a suction procedure. Which of the following would be the
most likely cause of these observations?
A. Vagal reflex
B. Transient hypoxemia
C. Suction pressure is too high
D. Copious secretions - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : A
• • Explanation :
During suctioning, a patient's heart rate may fall. This is a normal physiological
response associated with the vagal reflex, or the vagal nerve response. This response
will also lower blood pressure
A bronchopleural fistula on a patient receiving mechanical ventilation with a chest tube
drainage system in place would be most likely be indicated by which of the following
observations?
• A. I:E ratio alarms
• B. excess bubbling in the water seal chamber
• C. occasional low-exhaled volume alarm
• D. high pressure ventilator alarm - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : B
• • Explanation :
A bronchopleural fistula is essentially a leak from the airway in the lungs to the pleural
space. This condition can result in two things - one) a low-pressure or low-volume
alarm, 2) excess bubbling in the water seal chamber of the chest tube drainage system.
When you look at the answers, a leak would not cause a high pressure alarm
The best test determination for a forced vital capacity maneuver is done by which of the
following calculations?
• A. FEV1 + FVC
• B. SVC + FVC
• C. TLC - FVC
• D. FEV1/FVC - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : A
• • Explanation :
To determine the best trial or best patient effort for a forced vital capacity maneuver, the
trial with the highest sum of the FEV1 and FVC is considered to be the patient's best
effort.
Which of the following medications would be helpful at reversing the affect of a
benzodiazepine medication?
• A. Romazicon
• B. Narcan
• C. Versed
• D. Norcuron - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : A
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
VERIFIED
Which of the following equipment is most helpful at measuring FRC in a patient who
has significant non-ventilated lung spaces?
A. nitrogen analyzer for a nitrogen washout test
B. helium analyzer for a helium dilution test
C. peak flow meter
D. plethysmograph - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : D
• Explanation :
You can determine FRC in three different ways - body box, nitrogen washout, or helium
dilution. If someone has non-ventilated lung space, nitrogen washout and helium
dilution are not helpful and may be inaccurate. FRC determined by body box will be
higher because it can access non-ventilated lung space and therefore is more accurate
The respiratory therapist is making a home visit to evaluate an oxygen-dependent
patient. The patient has 3+ pitting peripheral edema and has not followed the
physician's orders to limit fluid intake. You would expect which of the following
hemodynamic values?
A. elevated right sided preload with a normal to low right ventricular after load
B. elevated PCWP with a low cardiac output
C. reduced cardiac index
D. low mean arterial pressure - ANSWER-The correct answer is : A
• • Explanation :
Right-sided preload is another name for CVP (central venous pressure). Peripheral
edema is one of the signs associated with right heart failure, which results in an
elevated CVP with a normal or low pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), a.k.a. right
ventricular afterload
A ventilator-dependent patient is scheduled for an MRI, which will require a transport of
90 minutes. The patient is receiving humidification with a heated- humidification system.
A transport ventilator is available. How should a respiratory therapist assure that
humidification will be provided to the patient during the MRI procedure?
A. Provide an HME
B. Provide a pass-over humidifier
C. Provide ventilation with a manual resuscitator
D. Use the same humidification system in use on the primary ventilation - ANSWER-•
The correct answer is : A
• • Explanation :
,A heat moisture exchanger (HME) is appropriate for a transport of only 90 min.
Furthermore, the scenario does not suggest that the patient has thick, retained
secretions, therefore an HME may be applied
Which of the following conditions would benefit most from polysomnography?
A. obesity with increased day-time sleepiness
B. suspected increased airway resistance
C. congestive heart failure
D. COPD - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : A
• • Explanation :
Polysomnography is another word for sleep study. An obese patient who has daytime
sleepiness would benefit most from polysomnography. Keep in mind that
Polysomnography is the study of the problem - not the solution. But it must be done for
diagnostic purposes and in order to find the adequate CPAP setting
Which of the following can accurately be stated about a widening alveolar-arterial
oxygen gradient?
A. improving V/Q mismatch
B. decreased venous admixture
C. increased intrapulmonary shunting
D. onset of oxygen toxicity - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : C
• Explanation :
A normal alveolar arterial oxygen gradient is below 65 mmHg. When that gradient rises
to 200, 300, 400, or more, then you have what is called shunting. If the A-a gradient is
less than 300 it's technically called a ventilation perfusion (VQ) mismatch. But generally
speaking, as the gradient widens it can properly be said that there is an increase in
pulmonary shunting.
How many hours will an H cylinder with 1400 psi last for a patient receiving oxygen at 7
lpm?
A. 6 hours
B. less than 1 hour
C. 4 hours
D. 10 hours - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : D
• • Explanation :
And H cylinder has a tank factor of 3.14. 3.14x1400 PSI = 4396 L. 4396 L / 7 L per
minute = 628 min. 628 min./ 60 min.= 10.4 hours, or about 10 hours. When you get an
answer that is not exact, pick the closest number possible. It is common on the exam
not see the exact answer from your calculation. This is because the NBRC knows that
you're estimating
An emergency room physician orders an arterial blood gas with Carboxyhemoglobin
level. This exam will help the physician determine which of the following?
• A. Carbon dioxide serum levels
• B. Presence of sickle cell anemia
,• C. CO poisoning
• D. Presence of fetal hemoglobin - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : C
• • Explanation :
Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels are determined with an instrument called a co-
oximeter, which directly measures arterial blood COHb. Both carbon monoxide
poisoning and evidence of smoking, or exposure to cigarette smoke can be determined
with the COHb level.
What is the relative humidity of the inspired gas of a patient who is intubated if the
humidity deficit is 33 mg/L?
A. 25%
B. 100%
C. 50%
D. 75% - ANSWER-The correct answer is : A
Explanation :
There are 44 mg of water per liter of gas if the gas is at 100% relative humidity. If you
have only 11 mg/L of gas (deficit of 33 mg) then you have only 25% relative humidity
because 11 mg is 25% of 44
A COPD patient who has bilateral expiratory wheezing would benefit most immediately
from which of the following medications?
A. Albuterol
B. Budesonide (Pulmicort)
C. Tilade (Nedocromil)
D. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) - ANSWER-The correct answer is : A
Explanation :
A COPD patient would benefit most from short-term bronchodilation because the patient
is currently wheezing. Of the options listed, only albuterol is considered to be a
bronchodilator
A patient with acute epiglottitis is awaiting transport to surgery for a tracheotomy under
anesthesia. SpO2 is 88% on room air. While waiting the patient would benefit most from
which of the following?
A. nasal cannula at 2 L/min
B. simple mask at 6 L/min
C. heliox therapy with 60%/40% mixture
D. high flow Venturi mask set at 50% - ANSWER-The correct answer is : C
Explanation :
The patient has an arterial oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. This is consistent with
hypoxemia and indicates a need for supplemental oxygen. Because the patient has
, acute epiglottitis, Heliox therapy is appropriate to reduce airway resistance. Additionally,
the patient would benefit from an adult therapeutic dose of oxygen, which starts at 40%.
Therefore, 60-40% Heliox mixture is most appropriate
The respiratory therapist notes a fall in pulse from 80/min to 60/min with a proportional
drop in blood pressure during a suction procedure. Which of the following would be the
most likely cause of these observations?
A. Vagal reflex
B. Transient hypoxemia
C. Suction pressure is too high
D. Copious secretions - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : A
• • Explanation :
During suctioning, a patient's heart rate may fall. This is a normal physiological
response associated with the vagal reflex, or the vagal nerve response. This response
will also lower blood pressure
A bronchopleural fistula on a patient receiving mechanical ventilation with a chest tube
drainage system in place would be most likely be indicated by which of the following
observations?
• A. I:E ratio alarms
• B. excess bubbling in the water seal chamber
• C. occasional low-exhaled volume alarm
• D. high pressure ventilator alarm - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : B
• • Explanation :
A bronchopleural fistula is essentially a leak from the airway in the lungs to the pleural
space. This condition can result in two things - one) a low-pressure or low-volume
alarm, 2) excess bubbling in the water seal chamber of the chest tube drainage system.
When you look at the answers, a leak would not cause a high pressure alarm
The best test determination for a forced vital capacity maneuver is done by which of the
following calculations?
• A. FEV1 + FVC
• B. SVC + FVC
• C. TLC - FVC
• D. FEV1/FVC - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : A
• • Explanation :
To determine the best trial or best patient effort for a forced vital capacity maneuver, the
trial with the highest sum of the FEV1 and FVC is considered to be the patient's best
effort.
Which of the following medications would be helpful at reversing the affect of a
benzodiazepine medication?
• A. Romazicon
• B. Narcan
• C. Versed
• D. Norcuron - ANSWER-• The correct answer is : A
