General Microbiology Exam 1 Questions
And Answers
3xdomainsxofxmicrobesx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
Bacteriax(truexbacteria),xArchaea,xEukaryax(eukaryotes)
classifiedxbasedxonxcomparisonxofxribosomalxRNA;xaffectedxbyxdetailedxstructurexofxcells,x
biochemical/physiologicalxcharacteristics,xgeneticxsequencing
4xbodily-fluidx"humors"x-xCORRECTxxANSWER-blood,xphlegm,xyellowxbilexandxblackxbile
infectiousxdiseasexfirstxbelievedxtoxbexduextoxtheseximbalances
AgostinixBassix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
showedxthatxaxdiseasexofxsilkwormsxwasxcausedxbyxaxfungusx(howxtoxstopxthexdiseasexwith
outxkillingxthexmicrobe)
thisxbeganxmicrobiology
AntonyxvanxLeeuwenhoekx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
firstxpersonxtoxobservexandxdescribexmicroorganismsxaccurately
AppliedxAspectsx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
concernedxwithxpracticalxproblemsx(disease,xwater,xfood,xindustrialxmicrobiology)
ATPx(adenosinex5'xtriphosphate)x-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
energyxcurrencyxandxisxaxribonucleotide
Attenuationx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-pathogensxthatxlosextheirxabilityxtoxcausexdisease
bacillix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-rods
coccobacilli-veryxshortxrods
Basicxaspectsx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
concernedxwithxindividualxgroupsxofxmicrobes,xmicrobialxphysiology,xgenetics,xmolecularxb
iologyxandxtaxonomy
, Binomialxnomenclaturex-xCORRECTxxANSWER-genusxandxspeciesxepithet-
xBacillusxsubtilus
Capsulesxandxslimexlayersx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
resistancextoxphagocytosis,xadherencextoxsurfaces
Cellxwallx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
protectionxfromxosmoticxstress,xhelpsxmaintainxcellxshape
Cellularxmicrobexdiversityx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
mutationxofxgeneticxmaterialxledxtoxselectedxtraits-xnewxgenesxandxgenotypesxevolved
bacteriaxandxarchaeaxincreasexgeneticxpoolxbyxhorizontalxgenextransferxwithinxthexsamexge
neration
CharlesxChamberlandx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
developedxporcelainxbacterialxfiltersxtoxstudyxtobaccoxmosaicxdisease-
xdeterminedxthatxinfectiousxagentsxwerexsmallerxthanxbacteriaxandxpassedxthroughxfiltersx(
viruses)
Coccix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-spheres-xpromotesxsurvival
diplococcix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-pairs
DomainxArchaeax-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
uniquexrRNAxgenexsequences,xlackxpeptidoglycanxinxcellxwalls,xuniquexmembranexlipids,xu
nusualxmetabolicxcharacteristics,xmanyxlivexinxextremexenviornments
DomainxBacteriax-xCORRECTxxANSWER-singe-
celled,xcellxwallxwithxpeptidoglycan,xlackxaxmembrane-
boundxnucleus,xubiquitousxandxsomexlivexinxextremexenviornment
cyanobacteriaxproducexsignificantxamountsxofxoxygen
DvelopmentxofxTechniquesx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-Koch'sxworkxledxtoxdiscoveryxof
agarx(insteadxofxgelitin),xpetrixdishes,xnutrientxbrothxandxnutrientxagarx(growthxmedium),xme
thodsxforxisolatingxmicroorganismsx(justxaddedxblood)
EarliestxMetabolismx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
energyxsourcesxunderxharshxconditionsx(inorganics)
photosynthesis-xcyanobacteriax(2.5xbillionxyearsxago)xandxstromatolites
EarliestxMoleculesx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
mayxhavexbeenxRNAxsurroundedxbyxliposomes
And Answers
3xdomainsxofxmicrobesx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
Bacteriax(truexbacteria),xArchaea,xEukaryax(eukaryotes)
classifiedxbasedxonxcomparisonxofxribosomalxRNA;xaffectedxbyxdetailedxstructurexofxcells,x
biochemical/physiologicalxcharacteristics,xgeneticxsequencing
4xbodily-fluidx"humors"x-xCORRECTxxANSWER-blood,xphlegm,xyellowxbilexandxblackxbile
infectiousxdiseasexfirstxbelievedxtoxbexduextoxtheseximbalances
AgostinixBassix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
showedxthatxaxdiseasexofxsilkwormsxwasxcausedxbyxaxfungusx(howxtoxstopxthexdiseasexwith
outxkillingxthexmicrobe)
thisxbeganxmicrobiology
AntonyxvanxLeeuwenhoekx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
firstxpersonxtoxobservexandxdescribexmicroorganismsxaccurately
AppliedxAspectsx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
concernedxwithxpracticalxproblemsx(disease,xwater,xfood,xindustrialxmicrobiology)
ATPx(adenosinex5'xtriphosphate)x-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
energyxcurrencyxandxisxaxribonucleotide
Attenuationx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-pathogensxthatxlosextheirxabilityxtoxcausexdisease
bacillix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-rods
coccobacilli-veryxshortxrods
Basicxaspectsx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
concernedxwithxindividualxgroupsxofxmicrobes,xmicrobialxphysiology,xgenetics,xmolecularxb
iologyxandxtaxonomy
, Binomialxnomenclaturex-xCORRECTxxANSWER-genusxandxspeciesxepithet-
xBacillusxsubtilus
Capsulesxandxslimexlayersx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
resistancextoxphagocytosis,xadherencextoxsurfaces
Cellxwallx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
protectionxfromxosmoticxstress,xhelpsxmaintainxcellxshape
Cellularxmicrobexdiversityx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
mutationxofxgeneticxmaterialxledxtoxselectedxtraits-xnewxgenesxandxgenotypesxevolved
bacteriaxandxarchaeaxincreasexgeneticxpoolxbyxhorizontalxgenextransferxwithinxthexsamexge
neration
CharlesxChamberlandx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
developedxporcelainxbacterialxfiltersxtoxstudyxtobaccoxmosaicxdisease-
xdeterminedxthatxinfectiousxagentsxwerexsmallerxthanxbacteriaxandxpassedxthroughxfiltersx(
viruses)
Coccix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-spheres-xpromotesxsurvival
diplococcix-xCORRECTxxANSWER-pairs
DomainxArchaeax-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
uniquexrRNAxgenexsequences,xlackxpeptidoglycanxinxcellxwalls,xuniquexmembranexlipids,xu
nusualxmetabolicxcharacteristics,xmanyxlivexinxextremexenviornments
DomainxBacteriax-xCORRECTxxANSWER-singe-
celled,xcellxwallxwithxpeptidoglycan,xlackxaxmembrane-
boundxnucleus,xubiquitousxandxsomexlivexinxextremexenviornment
cyanobacteriaxproducexsignificantxamountsxofxoxygen
DvelopmentxofxTechniquesx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-Koch'sxworkxledxtoxdiscoveryxof
agarx(insteadxofxgelitin),xpetrixdishes,xnutrientxbrothxandxnutrientxagarx(growthxmedium),xme
thodsxforxisolatingxmicroorganismsx(justxaddedxblood)
EarliestxMetabolismx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
energyxsourcesxunderxharshxconditionsx(inorganics)
photosynthesis-xcyanobacteriax(2.5xbillionxyearsxago)xandxstromatolites
EarliestxMoleculesx-xCORRECTxxANSWER-
mayxhavexbeenxRNAxsurroundedxbyxliposomes
