Biotechnology Exam 1
What is biotechnology - Answer -Using living organisms, or the products of living organisms, for human
benefit to make a product or solve a problem.
Examples of first hand biotechnology - Answer -• Eaten GMO/GE produce
• Treated with monoclonal antibody
• Had a flu shot
• Required insulin Injection
• Taken a home pregnancy test
• Used an antibiotic
• Had a glass of wine
• Eaten cheese
Selective breeding - Answer -Manipulating genes of domesticate plants and
animals; improve crops and livestock
Historic examples of biotechnology - Answer -Selective breeding
Plant domestication (modern corn)
Animal domestication
Fermentation (Egyptian civilizations making alcoholic beverages)
,Use of antibiotics (Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928)
Modern examples of biotechnology - Answer -Gene cloning: Ability to identify and reproduce gene of
interest
Recombinant DNA technology: Technique enabling DNA to be combines from different sources (started
modern biotech industry)
Genetic engineering: Altering an organisms DNA (1973- Stanley Cohan and Herbert Boyer)
Human genome project: International effort yo identify all human genes and their loci (1990-2003)
What are some examples of biotechnology application - Answer -• Vaccines
• Diagnostics
• Disease-resistant plants
• Food crops that produce greater yields
• "Golden rice engineered to be more nutritious
• Genetically engineered bacteria to degrade pollutants
• Personalized medicine
• Biotechnology medicines
What are the 7 types of biotechnology - Answer -• Microbial
• Agricultural
• Animal
• Forensic
• Bioremediation
• Aquatic
• Medical
, What is microbial biotechnology - Answer -Use of microorganisms to make valuable products and
applications.
What are ways microbial biotechnology is used - Answer -Scientists manipulating yeast/bacteria to
create:
better enzymes
simplify manufacturing/production processes
make vaccines and proteins for human medicine
make efficient decontamination for waste removal.
What is agricultural biotechnology - Answer -Genetically engineer plants to make valuable products
What are ways agricultural biotechnology is used - Answer -Scientists genetically engineer plants to be:
more environmentally friendly and yield more Resistance to diseases and insect
Foods with higher protein or vitamin content
Drugs developed and grown as plants product
Drought-resistant and tolerant to cold temperatures
How is agricultural biotechnology important to the growing world population - Answer -Better plants
reduce production costs to help feed the growing population.
UN predicts by 2050 we will need to be able to feed 9.1 billion people (requires raising food production
by 70%)
What is animal biotechnology - Answer -Genetically engineer animals to make valuable products
What are ways animal biotechnology is used - Answer -Scientists genetically engineer animals to be:
Used as "bioreactors" for producing medically valuable proteins (Antibodies and therapeutic proteins)
What is biotechnology - Answer -Using living organisms, or the products of living organisms, for human
benefit to make a product or solve a problem.
Examples of first hand biotechnology - Answer -• Eaten GMO/GE produce
• Treated with monoclonal antibody
• Had a flu shot
• Required insulin Injection
• Taken a home pregnancy test
• Used an antibiotic
• Had a glass of wine
• Eaten cheese
Selective breeding - Answer -Manipulating genes of domesticate plants and
animals; improve crops and livestock
Historic examples of biotechnology - Answer -Selective breeding
Plant domestication (modern corn)
Animal domestication
Fermentation (Egyptian civilizations making alcoholic beverages)
,Use of antibiotics (Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928)
Modern examples of biotechnology - Answer -Gene cloning: Ability to identify and reproduce gene of
interest
Recombinant DNA technology: Technique enabling DNA to be combines from different sources (started
modern biotech industry)
Genetic engineering: Altering an organisms DNA (1973- Stanley Cohan and Herbert Boyer)
Human genome project: International effort yo identify all human genes and their loci (1990-2003)
What are some examples of biotechnology application - Answer -• Vaccines
• Diagnostics
• Disease-resistant plants
• Food crops that produce greater yields
• "Golden rice engineered to be more nutritious
• Genetically engineered bacteria to degrade pollutants
• Personalized medicine
• Biotechnology medicines
What are the 7 types of biotechnology - Answer -• Microbial
• Agricultural
• Animal
• Forensic
• Bioremediation
• Aquatic
• Medical
, What is microbial biotechnology - Answer -Use of microorganisms to make valuable products and
applications.
What are ways microbial biotechnology is used - Answer -Scientists manipulating yeast/bacteria to
create:
better enzymes
simplify manufacturing/production processes
make vaccines and proteins for human medicine
make efficient decontamination for waste removal.
What is agricultural biotechnology - Answer -Genetically engineer plants to make valuable products
What are ways agricultural biotechnology is used - Answer -Scientists genetically engineer plants to be:
more environmentally friendly and yield more Resistance to diseases and insect
Foods with higher protein or vitamin content
Drugs developed and grown as plants product
Drought-resistant and tolerant to cold temperatures
How is agricultural biotechnology important to the growing world population - Answer -Better plants
reduce production costs to help feed the growing population.
UN predicts by 2050 we will need to be able to feed 9.1 billion people (requires raising food production
by 70%)
What is animal biotechnology - Answer -Genetically engineer animals to make valuable products
What are ways animal biotechnology is used - Answer -Scientists genetically engineer animals to be:
Used as "bioreactors" for producing medically valuable proteins (Antibodies and therapeutic proteins)
