BOT2601
ASSIGNMENT 2 SEMESTER 1 2025
UNIQUE NO.
DUE DATE: 2025
, BOT2601
Assignment 2 Semester 1 2025
Unique Number:
Due Date: 2025
Plant Anatomy, Structure and Function
Question 1
Anatomical Differences Between Tropical and Temperate Grass Species
Grass species in tropical and temperate regions differ significantly in their anatomical
structures, mainly due to their adaptation to varying climatic conditions. These
differences are primarily observed between C4 grasses, which dominate tropical
regions, and C3 grasses, which thrive in temperate zones.
1. Photosynthetic Pathway and Leaf Anatomy
C3 Grasses (Temperate Regions)
o Possess a mesophyll-rich leaf structure without specialized bundle
sheath cells.
o Veins are more widely spaced, and the mesophyll cells are loosely
packed.
o Photosynthesis primarily occurs in mesophyll cells, where CO₂ is directly
fixed into a 3-carbon compound (3-phosphoglycerate).
C4 Grasses (Tropical Regions)
o Have a characteristic Kranz anatomy, where bundle sheath cells
surround the vascular bundles.
o Veins are closely spaced, and the mesophyll cells are arranged
concentrically around them.
ASSIGNMENT 2 SEMESTER 1 2025
UNIQUE NO.
DUE DATE: 2025
, BOT2601
Assignment 2 Semester 1 2025
Unique Number:
Due Date: 2025
Plant Anatomy, Structure and Function
Question 1
Anatomical Differences Between Tropical and Temperate Grass Species
Grass species in tropical and temperate regions differ significantly in their anatomical
structures, mainly due to their adaptation to varying climatic conditions. These
differences are primarily observed between C4 grasses, which dominate tropical
regions, and C3 grasses, which thrive in temperate zones.
1. Photosynthetic Pathway and Leaf Anatomy
C3 Grasses (Temperate Regions)
o Possess a mesophyll-rich leaf structure without specialized bundle
sheath cells.
o Veins are more widely spaced, and the mesophyll cells are loosely
packed.
o Photosynthesis primarily occurs in mesophyll cells, where CO₂ is directly
fixed into a 3-carbon compound (3-phosphoglycerate).
C4 Grasses (Tropical Regions)
o Have a characteristic Kranz anatomy, where bundle sheath cells
surround the vascular bundles.
o Veins are closely spaced, and the mesophyll cells are arranged
concentrically around them.
