BIOL_235_Midterm_2_Study_Guide
1. between the origin and insertion which is usually Origin
located proximally in limbs ?
2. What happens during REVERSE MUSCLE ACTION? specific movements of the
body the actions are reversed
THEREFOR the positions of
the origin and insertion of a
muscle are switched
3. What is a mechanical advantage using the example if the load is closer to the ful-
of a lever? crum and the effort is farther
from the fulcrum only a small
about of effort is needed to
move the load
4. Bones serve as levers and joints serve as ________ for fulcrum
the lever
5. Agonist (Prime Movers) _________ muscles while an- contract, relax
tagonist ____________ muscles
6. What are muscles that contract and stabilize the synergists
intermediate joints called?
7. What is a group of skeletal muscles, their blood Compartment
vessels, and nerves called?
8. Origin an insertion of the masseter Origin = maxilla and zygo-
matic arch
Insertion = angle and ramus
of the mandible
9. What is the origin of the deltoid ?
, acromial extremity of clavi-
cle, acromion, and spine of
scapula
10. What are the 3 muscles that make up the hamstring semimebranosous, semi-
? tendinosus, biceps femoris
11. What 4 muscles make up the Quads ? rectus femoris, vastus later-
alis, vastus medialis, vastus
intermedialis
12. What do you call a small mass of nervous tissue that Ganglia
is made up primarily of neuron cell bodies?
13. The somatic nervous system only sends impulses to skeletal
________ muscles
14. Fight or Flight is associated with which division of Sympathetic
the autonomic nervous system?
15. What is the ability to respond to a stimulus and electrical excitability
convert it into an action potential?
, 16. What type of neurons usually have several dendrite Multipolar
and on axon , and are norm ally found in brain and
spinal cord as well as motor neurons?
17. What type of neurons have one main dendrite and Bipolar
one axon as well as are primarily found in the retina
of the eye, inner ear, and the olfactory area of brain?
18. What type of neurons has dendrites and one axon Unipolar or Pseudounipolar
that are fused together to form a continuous
process that emerges from the cell body?
19. The processes of ________ make contact with blood astrocytes
capillaries, neurons, and the pia mater
20. What neuroglia has these functions? Astrocytes
1. contain microfilaments that give them strength
and allow them to support neurons
2. contributes to the effectiveness of BBB
3.in embyro, they secret chemicals that regulate
things
4. help maintain an appropriate chemical environ-
ment for nerve impulse generation
5. play a role in hearing and memory
21. What neuroglia resemble astrocytes but are smaller Oligodendrocytes
and contain fewer processes as well as are respon-
sible fro forming nd maintiang myelin sheath?
1. between the origin and insertion which is usually Origin
located proximally in limbs ?
2. What happens during REVERSE MUSCLE ACTION? specific movements of the
body the actions are reversed
THEREFOR the positions of
the origin and insertion of a
muscle are switched
3. What is a mechanical advantage using the example if the load is closer to the ful-
of a lever? crum and the effort is farther
from the fulcrum only a small
about of effort is needed to
move the load
4. Bones serve as levers and joints serve as ________ for fulcrum
the lever
5. Agonist (Prime Movers) _________ muscles while an- contract, relax
tagonist ____________ muscles
6. What are muscles that contract and stabilize the synergists
intermediate joints called?
7. What is a group of skeletal muscles, their blood Compartment
vessels, and nerves called?
8. Origin an insertion of the masseter Origin = maxilla and zygo-
matic arch
Insertion = angle and ramus
of the mandible
9. What is the origin of the deltoid ?
, acromial extremity of clavi-
cle, acromion, and spine of
scapula
10. What are the 3 muscles that make up the hamstring semimebranosous, semi-
? tendinosus, biceps femoris
11. What 4 muscles make up the Quads ? rectus femoris, vastus later-
alis, vastus medialis, vastus
intermedialis
12. What do you call a small mass of nervous tissue that Ganglia
is made up primarily of neuron cell bodies?
13. The somatic nervous system only sends impulses to skeletal
________ muscles
14. Fight or Flight is associated with which division of Sympathetic
the autonomic nervous system?
15. What is the ability to respond to a stimulus and electrical excitability
convert it into an action potential?
, 16. What type of neurons usually have several dendrite Multipolar
and on axon , and are norm ally found in brain and
spinal cord as well as motor neurons?
17. What type of neurons have one main dendrite and Bipolar
one axon as well as are primarily found in the retina
of the eye, inner ear, and the olfactory area of brain?
18. What type of neurons has dendrites and one axon Unipolar or Pseudounipolar
that are fused together to form a continuous
process that emerges from the cell body?
19. The processes of ________ make contact with blood astrocytes
capillaries, neurons, and the pia mater
20. What neuroglia has these functions? Astrocytes
1. contain microfilaments that give them strength
and allow them to support neurons
2. contributes to the effectiveness of BBB
3.in embyro, they secret chemicals that regulate
things
4. help maintain an appropriate chemical environ-
ment for nerve impulse generation
5. play a role in hearing and memory
21. What neuroglia resemble astrocytes but are smaller Oligodendrocytes
and contain fewer processes as well as are respon-
sible fro forming nd maintiang myelin sheath?
