TNCC 8th Edition
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1. What are the greatest risks for transport?: Loss of airway patency, displaced
obstructive tubes lines or catheters, dislodge splinting devices, need to replace or
reinforce dressings, deterioration in patient status change in vital signs or level of
consciousness, injury to the patient and/or team members
2. According to newtons law which of these two force is greater: size or
force?: Neither. For each force there is an equal and opposite reaction.
3. What is the relationship between mass and velocity to kinetic energy?: Ki-
netic energy is equal to 1/2 the mass multiplied the square of its velocity therefore
when mass is doubled so is the net energy, however, when velocity is doubled energy
is quadrupled.
4. What is tension?: stretching force by pulling at opposite ends
5. What is compression?: Crushing by squeezing together
6. What is bending?: Loading about an axis. Bending causes compression on the
side the person is bending toward intention to the opposite side
7. What is shearing?: Damage by tearing or bending by exerting faucet different
parts in opposite directions at the same time.
8. What is torsion?: Torsion forces twist ends in opposite directions.
9. What is combined loading?: Any combination of tension compression torsion
bending and/or shear.
10. What are the four types of trauma related injuries?: Blunt, penetrating,
thermal, or blast.
11. What are contributing factors to injuries related to blunt traumas?: The
point of impact on the patient's body, the type of surface that is hit, the tissues ability
to resist (bone versus soft tissue, air-filled versus solid organs), and the trajectory
of force.
12. What are the seven patterns of pathway injuries related to motor vehicle
accidents?: Up and over, down and under, lateral, rotational, rear, roll over, and
ejection.
13. Differentiate between the three impacts of motor vehicle impact sequence.-
: The first impact occurs when the vehicle collided with another object. The second
impact occurs after the initial impact when the occupant continues to move in the
original direction of travel until they collide with the interior of the vehicle or meet
resistance. The third impact occurs when internal structures collide within the body
cavity.
14. What are the three factors that contribute to the damage caused by pene-
trating trauma's?: The point of impact, the velocity and speed of impact, and the
proximity to the object.
15. What causes the primary effects of blast traumas?: The direct blast effects.
Types of injuries include last long, tympanic membrane rupture and middle ear
1/5
, TNCC 8th Edition
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damage, abdominal hemorrhage and perforation, global rupture, mild Trumatic brain
injury.
16. What causes the secondary effects of blast traumas?: Projectiles propelled
by the explosion. Injuries include penetrating or blunt injuries or I penetration.
17. What causes the tertiary effects of blast traumas?: Results from individuals
being thrown by the blast wind. Injuries include hole or partial body translocation
from being thrown against a hard service: blunt or penetrating trauma's, fractures,
traumatic amputations.
18. What causes quarternary effects of blast traumas?: All explosion related
injuries, illnesses, or diseases not due to the first three mechanisms. Injuries include
external and internal burns, crush injuries, closed and open brain injuries, asthmatic
or breathing problems from dust smoke or toxic fumes, angina, or hyper glycemia
and hypertension.
19. What causes quinary effects of blasts traumas?: Those associated with
exposure to hazardous materials from radioactive, biologic, or chemical components
of a blast. Injuries include a variety of health effects depending on agent.
20. What are the three processes that transfer oxygen from the air to the lungs
and blood stream: Ventilation: the active mechanical movement of air into and
out of the lungs; diffusion: the passive movement of gases from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration; and perfusion: the movement of
blood to and from the lungs as a delivery medium of oxygen to the entire body.
21. When would you use a nasopharyngeal airway versus an oral pharyngeal
airway?: Nasopharyngeal airways is contraindicated in patients with facial trauma
or a suspected basilar skull fracture. Oral pharyngeal airways is used in unrespon-
sive patients unable to maintain their airway, without a gag reflex as a temporary
measure to facilitate ventilation with a bag mask device or spontaneous ventilation
until the patient can be intubated.
22. Describe the measurement of an NPA: Measure from the tip of the patient's
nose to the tip of the patients earlobe.
23. Measurement of an OPA: Place the proximal end or flange of the airway adjunct
at the corner of the mouth to the tip of the mandibular angle.
24. True or false: NPAs and OPAs are definitive airways.: False. When placing
one of these? One should consider the potential need for a definitive airway.
25. Name the three ways to confirm ETT placement: Placement of a CO2 moni-
toring device, Assessing for equal chest rise and fall, and listening at the epigastrium
and four lung fields for equal breath sounds.
26. When capnography measurement reads greater than 45MMHG, the nurse
should consider increasing or decreasing the ventilation rate?: Increasing the
ventilation rate. Doing so would allow the patient to blow off retained CO2.
2/5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7zok5v
1. What are the greatest risks for transport?: Loss of airway patency, displaced
obstructive tubes lines or catheters, dislodge splinting devices, need to replace or
reinforce dressings, deterioration in patient status change in vital signs or level of
consciousness, injury to the patient and/or team members
2. According to newtons law which of these two force is greater: size or
force?: Neither. For each force there is an equal and opposite reaction.
3. What is the relationship between mass and velocity to kinetic energy?: Ki-
netic energy is equal to 1/2 the mass multiplied the square of its velocity therefore
when mass is doubled so is the net energy, however, when velocity is doubled energy
is quadrupled.
4. What is tension?: stretching force by pulling at opposite ends
5. What is compression?: Crushing by squeezing together
6. What is bending?: Loading about an axis. Bending causes compression on the
side the person is bending toward intention to the opposite side
7. What is shearing?: Damage by tearing or bending by exerting faucet different
parts in opposite directions at the same time.
8. What is torsion?: Torsion forces twist ends in opposite directions.
9. What is combined loading?: Any combination of tension compression torsion
bending and/or shear.
10. What are the four types of trauma related injuries?: Blunt, penetrating,
thermal, or blast.
11. What are contributing factors to injuries related to blunt traumas?: The
point of impact on the patient's body, the type of surface that is hit, the tissues ability
to resist (bone versus soft tissue, air-filled versus solid organs), and the trajectory
of force.
12. What are the seven patterns of pathway injuries related to motor vehicle
accidents?: Up and over, down and under, lateral, rotational, rear, roll over, and
ejection.
13. Differentiate between the three impacts of motor vehicle impact sequence.-
: The first impact occurs when the vehicle collided with another object. The second
impact occurs after the initial impact when the occupant continues to move in the
original direction of travel until they collide with the interior of the vehicle or meet
resistance. The third impact occurs when internal structures collide within the body
cavity.
14. What are the three factors that contribute to the damage caused by pene-
trating trauma's?: The point of impact, the velocity and speed of impact, and the
proximity to the object.
15. What causes the primary effects of blast traumas?: The direct blast effects.
Types of injuries include last long, tympanic membrane rupture and middle ear
1/5
, TNCC 8th Edition
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7zok5v
damage, abdominal hemorrhage and perforation, global rupture, mild Trumatic brain
injury.
16. What causes the secondary effects of blast traumas?: Projectiles propelled
by the explosion. Injuries include penetrating or blunt injuries or I penetration.
17. What causes the tertiary effects of blast traumas?: Results from individuals
being thrown by the blast wind. Injuries include hole or partial body translocation
from being thrown against a hard service: blunt or penetrating trauma's, fractures,
traumatic amputations.
18. What causes quarternary effects of blast traumas?: All explosion related
injuries, illnesses, or diseases not due to the first three mechanisms. Injuries include
external and internal burns, crush injuries, closed and open brain injuries, asthmatic
or breathing problems from dust smoke or toxic fumes, angina, or hyper glycemia
and hypertension.
19. What causes quinary effects of blasts traumas?: Those associated with
exposure to hazardous materials from radioactive, biologic, or chemical components
of a blast. Injuries include a variety of health effects depending on agent.
20. What are the three processes that transfer oxygen from the air to the lungs
and blood stream: Ventilation: the active mechanical movement of air into and
out of the lungs; diffusion: the passive movement of gases from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration; and perfusion: the movement of
blood to and from the lungs as a delivery medium of oxygen to the entire body.
21. When would you use a nasopharyngeal airway versus an oral pharyngeal
airway?: Nasopharyngeal airways is contraindicated in patients with facial trauma
or a suspected basilar skull fracture. Oral pharyngeal airways is used in unrespon-
sive patients unable to maintain their airway, without a gag reflex as a temporary
measure to facilitate ventilation with a bag mask device or spontaneous ventilation
until the patient can be intubated.
22. Describe the measurement of an NPA: Measure from the tip of the patient's
nose to the tip of the patients earlobe.
23. Measurement of an OPA: Place the proximal end or flange of the airway adjunct
at the corner of the mouth to the tip of the mandibular angle.
24. True or false: NPAs and OPAs are definitive airways.: False. When placing
one of these? One should consider the potential need for a definitive airway.
25. Name the three ways to confirm ETT placement: Placement of a CO2 moni-
toring device, Assessing for equal chest rise and fall, and listening at the epigastrium
and four lung fields for equal breath sounds.
26. When capnography measurement reads greater than 45MMHG, the nurse
should consider increasing or decreasing the ventilation rate?: Increasing the
ventilation rate. Doing so would allow the patient to blow off retained CO2.
2/5
