Epidemiology Chapter 3: Measures of Morbidity and Mortality Questions with Answers 2025

Epidemiology Chapter 3: Measures of Morbidity
and Mortality Questions with Answers 2025
FourAcategoriesAofAepidemiologyAmeasuresA-AcorrectAanswers-
1.ACountsA
2.ARatios
3.AProportionsA
4.ARates
countA-AcorrectAanswers-
theAnumberAofAcasesAofAaAdiseaseAorAotherAhealthAphenomenonAbeingAstudied
ratioA-AcorrectAanswers-theAvalueAobtainedAbyAdividingAoneAquantityAbyAanother

Ex:AsimpleAsexAratioA(MAtoAFAcases),AdemographicAsexAratioA(MAperA100AF),AsexAratioAatAbir
thA(MAbirths/FAbirthsA*A1000)
proportionA-AcorrectAanswers-
typeAofAratioAwhereAtheAnumeratorAisApartAofAtheAdenominator,AexpressedAasAaApercentAtoAi
llustrateAmagnitudeAofAaAproblem
RateA-AcorrectAanswers-
typeAofAratioA(notAproportion)AwhereAtheAdenominatorAincludesAaAmeasureAofAtimeAandAtheA
unitAsizeAofAtheApopulationAandAtheAnumeratorAisAtheAfrequencyAofAdiseaseAoverAtheAtimeAp
eriod
PrevalenceA-AcorrectAanswers-
numberAofAexistingAcasesAofAaAdiseaseAorAhealthAconditionAinAaApopulationAatAsomeAdesig
natedAtime,AindicatesAextentAofAaAhealthAproblem,Aimplications,AandAscope,AdescribesAbur
den

proportionAofAcasesAamongAtotalApopulation,AhowAcommonAisAitA

Numerator:A#AcasesApresentAinApopulationAatAspecificAtime
Denominator:A#AofApersonsAinApopulationAatAspecificAtime
PointAvsAPeriodAPrevalenceA-AcorrectAanswers-
Point:AprevalenceAofAtheAdiseaseAatAaASINGLEAPOINTAinAtime
Numerator:AcountAofAexistingAcasesAatApointAofAobservation
Denominator:CountAofApopulationAatApointAofAobservation

Period:AprevalenceAofAdiseaseAatAANYATIMEAduringAspecifiedAperiod
Numerator:AtotalAcountAofAexistingAcasesAatAanyAtimeAduringAperiodAofAobservation
Denominator:AusuallyA"midAperiodApopulation"
incidenceA-AcorrectAanswers-
measuresAtheAnumberAofArisk/newAcasesAoverAaAcertainAtimeAperiod,AasAcomparedAwithAth
eAgeneralAhealthyApopulation,AdescribesAdiseaseAdevelopmentAoverAaAtimeAperiod,Aproba
bilityAofANEW AonsetAofAdiseaseA

NumeratorA=A#AofAnewAcases