McCance & Huether’s
Pathophysiology
[Type the document subtitle]
TEST BANK FORMcCance &
Huether’s Pathophysiology The
Biologic Basis for Disease in
Adults and Children 9th Edition by
Julia Rogers
JIMSE
3/20/2025
, TEST BANK FOR
McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis
for Disease in Adults and Children 9th Edition by Julia
Rogers
Chapter 1-49
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
Rogers: McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANSWER : C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic
absorption.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANSWER : C
1
, The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the
cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The
mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function as the
intracellular digestive system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen
atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANSWER : B
2
, Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2 , which is a
powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and
secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes .
Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40
digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and
carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the cellular membrane.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANSWER : D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes within
the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of
the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes,
which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self- digestion. The chief
function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. The Golgi complex is a
network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located near the cell nucleus. The
smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and removing toxic
substances from the cell.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b. Secretion of cortisol
c. Increased retention of water
d. Breakdown of fat
ANSWER : C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes increases in
heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to
glucagon.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1
3
Pathophysiology
[Type the document subtitle]
TEST BANK FORMcCance &
Huether’s Pathophysiology The
Biologic Basis for Disease in
Adults and Children 9th Edition by
Julia Rogers
JIMSE
3/20/2025
, TEST BANK FOR
McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis
for Disease in Adults and Children 9th Edition by Julia
Rogers
Chapter 1-49
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
Rogers: McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats.
ANSWER : C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic
absorption.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANSWER : C
1
, The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the
cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The
mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function as the
intracellular digestive system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen
atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANSWER : B
2
, Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2 , which is a
powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and
secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes .
Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40
digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and
carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the cellular membrane.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANSWER : D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes within
the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of
the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes,
which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self- digestion. The chief
function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. The Golgi complex is a
network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located near the cell nucleus. The
smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and removing toxic
substances from the cell.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b. Secretion of cortisol
c. Increased retention of water
d. Breakdown of fat
ANSWER : C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes increases in
heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to
glucagon.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1
3
