COB 300 PAR-GAS EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Property Deviance - Answer-unethical behavior aimed at the organization's property or
products
political deviance - Answer-using one's influence to harm others in the company;
favoritism rather than performance
employee shrinkage - Answer-when employees steal company merchandise
Sweethearting - Answer-When employees discount or don't ring up merchandise their
family or friends bring to the cash register
Personal Agression - Answer-hostile verbal and physical actions directed toward other
employees
Carrot Stick Approach - Answer-encourage ethical behavior before the illegal activity
occurs
Ethical Intensity - Answer-the degree of concern people have about an ethical issue
Magnitude of Consequence - Answer-the total harm or benefit derived from an ethical
decision
Social Consensus - Answer-agreement on whether behavior is good or bad
Probability of Effect - Answer-the chance that something will happen that results in harm
to others
temporal immediacy - Answer-the time between an act and the consequences the act
produces
Proximity Effect - Answer-the social, psychological, cultural, or physical distance
between a decision maker and those affected by his or her decisions
Concentration effect - Answer-how much an act affects the average person. ;
Temporarily laying off 100 employees for 10 months without pay has a greater
concentration of effect than temporarily laying off 1,000 employees for 1 month.
foreign corrupt practices act (FCPA) - Answer-prohibits payment of bribes to foreign
officials
, kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 1 (Pre) - Answer-punishment and
obedience. pre conventional. self interest
kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 2 (Pre) - Answer-instrumental change.
preconvential. self interest
kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 3 (con) - Answer-good boy, nice girl.
conventional
kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 4 (con) - Answer-law and order.
conventional
kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 5 (post) - Answer-what others believe is
best for society (social contract). post conventional.
kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 6 (post) - Answer-no rules needed
(universal principle). post conventional
The 8 key ethical questions - Answer-- outcomes (short & long term)
- fairness
- authority
- liberty
-rights
- responsibilities
- empathy
-character
Principle of long-term self-interest - Answer-you should never take any action that is not
in your or your organization's long-term self-interest
Principle of government requirements - Answer-never take any action that violates the
law, for the law represents the minimal moral standard
principle of individual rights - Answer-never take any action that infringes on others'
agreed-upon rights
principle virtue - Answer-you should never do anything that is not honest, open and
thruthful
Distributive Justice - Answer-never take action that harms the least fortunate
utilitarian benefits - Answer-never take action that does not result in greater good for
society
Overt and Personality Based Integrity tests - Answer-2 ways companies hire ethical
employees
AND ANSWERS
Property Deviance - Answer-unethical behavior aimed at the organization's property or
products
political deviance - Answer-using one's influence to harm others in the company;
favoritism rather than performance
employee shrinkage - Answer-when employees steal company merchandise
Sweethearting - Answer-When employees discount or don't ring up merchandise their
family or friends bring to the cash register
Personal Agression - Answer-hostile verbal and physical actions directed toward other
employees
Carrot Stick Approach - Answer-encourage ethical behavior before the illegal activity
occurs
Ethical Intensity - Answer-the degree of concern people have about an ethical issue
Magnitude of Consequence - Answer-the total harm or benefit derived from an ethical
decision
Social Consensus - Answer-agreement on whether behavior is good or bad
Probability of Effect - Answer-the chance that something will happen that results in harm
to others
temporal immediacy - Answer-the time between an act and the consequences the act
produces
Proximity Effect - Answer-the social, psychological, cultural, or physical distance
between a decision maker and those affected by his or her decisions
Concentration effect - Answer-how much an act affects the average person. ;
Temporarily laying off 100 employees for 10 months without pay has a greater
concentration of effect than temporarily laying off 1,000 employees for 1 month.
foreign corrupt practices act (FCPA) - Answer-prohibits payment of bribes to foreign
officials
, kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 1 (Pre) - Answer-punishment and
obedience. pre conventional. self interest
kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 2 (Pre) - Answer-instrumental change.
preconvential. self interest
kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 3 (con) - Answer-good boy, nice girl.
conventional
kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 4 (con) - Answer-law and order.
conventional
kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 5 (post) - Answer-what others believe is
best for society (social contract). post conventional.
kohlbergs stages of moral development stage 6 (post) - Answer-no rules needed
(universal principle). post conventional
The 8 key ethical questions - Answer-- outcomes (short & long term)
- fairness
- authority
- liberty
-rights
- responsibilities
- empathy
-character
Principle of long-term self-interest - Answer-you should never take any action that is not
in your or your organization's long-term self-interest
Principle of government requirements - Answer-never take any action that violates the
law, for the law represents the minimal moral standard
principle of individual rights - Answer-never take any action that infringes on others'
agreed-upon rights
principle virtue - Answer-you should never do anything that is not honest, open and
thruthful
Distributive Justice - Answer-never take action that harms the least fortunate
utilitarian benefits - Answer-never take action that does not result in greater good for
society
Overt and Personality Based Integrity tests - Answer-2 ways companies hire ethical
employees
