BSC 170 - Exam 4 2024/2025 Exam
Questions and Answers | A+ Score
Assured
difference between genetics and epigenetics - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔genetics
refers to effect caused by DNA sequences; epigenetic effects are caused
by chromatin structure
how twin studies are used to determine heritability - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔examine the frequency of both twins having a condition if one twin
does; if condition is entirely genetic, you would expect 100% correlation
between twins; if conditions is mostly genetic but some other factors you
would expect less than 100% but above frequency seen in general
population; if no genetic basis, second twin would be expected to have the
same condition at the same frequency as the general population
what are complex traits - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔caused by genetic and non-
genetic factors
relationship between vaccines and autism including the Wakefield paper
and what scientific studies actually show - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔vaccines do not
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, cause ASD; incorrect belief based on Lancet paper in 1997 that examined
12 children (paper was later retracted when it was found that the main
author Andres Wakefield has falsified some of the data); Wakefield had his
license to practice medicine revoked; many studies which combine to
include over 1.5 million children have found no link between vaccination,
vaccination schedule, or vaccine additives and ASD
definition of Autism Spectrum Disorder - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔neurobehavioral
condition marked by impairments in social interactions, functional
communications, and/or repetitive behaviors manifesting in early childhood;
a spectral disorder because it is actually a large number of slightly different
conditions with different manifestations across the behavioral ranges
differences between ASD and introversion and savantism - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔introversion is the preference to avoid groups and to prefer time alone;
savantism is the possession of profound mental or intellectual abilities well
beyond what is considered normal; while the two may coexist in one
person, they are independent aspects of that person
approximate frequency of ASD and why it has changed over time -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔CDC estimates 1 in 65 children in the US have ASD (1 in
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Questions and Answers | A+ Score
Assured
difference between genetics and epigenetics - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔genetics
refers to effect caused by DNA sequences; epigenetic effects are caused
by chromatin structure
how twin studies are used to determine heritability - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔examine the frequency of both twins having a condition if one twin
does; if condition is entirely genetic, you would expect 100% correlation
between twins; if conditions is mostly genetic but some other factors you
would expect less than 100% but above frequency seen in general
population; if no genetic basis, second twin would be expected to have the
same condition at the same frequency as the general population
what are complex traits - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔caused by genetic and non-
genetic factors
relationship between vaccines and autism including the Wakefield paper
and what scientific studies actually show - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔vaccines do not
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, cause ASD; incorrect belief based on Lancet paper in 1997 that examined
12 children (paper was later retracted when it was found that the main
author Andres Wakefield has falsified some of the data); Wakefield had his
license to practice medicine revoked; many studies which combine to
include over 1.5 million children have found no link between vaccination,
vaccination schedule, or vaccine additives and ASD
definition of Autism Spectrum Disorder - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔neurobehavioral
condition marked by impairments in social interactions, functional
communications, and/or repetitive behaviors manifesting in early childhood;
a spectral disorder because it is actually a large number of slightly different
conditions with different manifestations across the behavioral ranges
differences between ASD and introversion and savantism - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔introversion is the preference to avoid groups and to prefer time alone;
savantism is the possession of profound mental or intellectual abilities well
beyond what is considered normal; while the two may coexist in one
person, they are independent aspects of that person
approximate frequency of ASD and why it has changed over time -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔CDC estimates 1 in 65 children in the US have ASD (1 in
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
