Test Bank for Williams’ Basic
Nutrition and Diet Therapy
16th Edition
Chapter 01: Food, Nutrition, and Health
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The dietary regimen that would provide optimal nutrition for a person who is recovering
from an extended illness is a diet
a. low in protein, fat, and carbohydrates; high in minerals and vitamins; and very low
in fiber.
b. providing adequate amounts of carbohydrates, protein, fat, minerals, and vitamins
along with adequate water and fiber.
c. high in protein, fiber, and fluid; low in carbohydrates; and adequate in vitamins
and minerals.
d. with essential amounts of vitamins and minerals; high in protein; and low in fat,
carbohydrates, and fiber.
ANS: B
Optimal nutrition incorporates a varied diet supplying adequate amounts of all nutrients,
including carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, fiber, and fluid.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
2. A young woman is 5 months pregnant. She currently lives in a condition of poverty and
often runs out of money to buy food. She is most at risk for
a. liver damage.
b. osteopenia.
c. undernutrition.
d. overnutrition.
ANS: C
A person with undernutrition, or an intake less than the desired amounts of nutrients a
person needs to sustain and maintain health, carries a greater risk for physical illness than
a person receiving adequate nutrition. In this case, a young, pregnant woman living in
poverty who cannot obtain the necessary nutrition for herself and her baby is in a state of
,undernutrition, placing both at nutritional risk.
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
3. Which factors place a person at the greatest risk for malnutrition?
a. Poor appetite, insufficient nutrient intake, poor hygiene, and depleted nutrition
reserves
b. Poor hygiene, insufficient exercise, and excess carbohydrate intake
c. Depleted carbohydrate intake, poor hygiene, and excess calorie intake
d. Poor appetite, insufficient nutrient intake, depleted nutrition reserves, and a form
of metabolic stress
ANS: D
Malnutrition appears when nutritional reserves are depleted, and nutrient and energy
intake is not sufficient to meet day-to-day needs or added metabolic stress.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
4. A 48-year-old male patient is admitted to the hospital with a left hip fracture. He weighs
248 lb (54 lb above his desired weight). He is considered to be in a state of overnutrition.
The statement most true regarding his state of overnutrition is that
a. desired nutrients are consumed in excess amounts without the risk of malnutrition.
b. because excess body fat is evident and excess calories are consumed, there is no
risk of nutrient deficiency leading to malnutrition.
c. even though excess body fat and excess nutrient intake are evident, there still may
be a risk for some type of nutrient deficiency leading to malnutrition.
d. excess body weight may or may not be present along with excess consumption of
carbohydrates and fat, which results in inadequate vitamin and mineral intake.
ANS: C
Overnutrition results from excess nutrient and energy intake over time, resulting in excess
weight and a state of obesity. Malnutrition can result from excess body weight and the lack
of vitamin- and mineral-rich food consumption (e.g., consumption of fatty and
carbohydrate-rich foods only).
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
5. Which is least likely to be a primary cause of malnutrition?
a. Conditions of poverty
b. Prolonged hospitalization
c. Homelessness
d. Exercise
ANS: D
Malnutrition appears when nutritional reserves are depleted and nutrient and energy intake
is not sufficient to meet day-to-day needs or the additional requirements necessary during
periods of stress; thus, exercise is not a factor.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
, 6. Overnutrition is characterized by
a. overeating at a meal.
b. excess nutrient and energy intake over time.
c. eating a diet with too much variety.
d. using dietary supplements.
ANS: B
Overnutrition results from excess nutrient and energy intake over time or occurs when
excessive amounts of nutrient supplements are consumed, resulting in tissue-damaging
effects.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
7. The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) address the nutrient needs of
a. all adults.
b. most healthy population groups.
c. minority ethnic groups.
d. pregnant women, infants, and children.
ANS: B
The DRIs refer to a system of reference values that can be used for assessing and planning
diets for healthy population groups and other purposes.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
8. The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are developed by the
a. U.S. Public Health Service.
b. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
c. Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine.
d. National Institutes of Health (NIH).
ANS: C
DRIs are developed by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
9. When not enough scientific evidence is available to establish a Recommended Dietary
Allowance (RDA), the value used to guide intake is called the
a. Dietary Reference Intake (DRI).
b. tolerable upper intake level (UL).
c. estimated average requirement (EAR).
d. adequate intake (AI).
ANS: D
AI is used as a guide when not enough scientific data are available to establish the RDA
figure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
Nutrition and Diet Therapy
16th Edition
Chapter 01: Food, Nutrition, and Health
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The dietary regimen that would provide optimal nutrition for a person who is recovering
from an extended illness is a diet
a. low in protein, fat, and carbohydrates; high in minerals and vitamins; and very low
in fiber.
b. providing adequate amounts of carbohydrates, protein, fat, minerals, and vitamins
along with adequate water and fiber.
c. high in protein, fiber, and fluid; low in carbohydrates; and adequate in vitamins
and minerals.
d. with essential amounts of vitamins and minerals; high in protein; and low in fat,
carbohydrates, and fiber.
ANS: B
Optimal nutrition incorporates a varied diet supplying adequate amounts of all nutrients,
including carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, fiber, and fluid.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
2. A young woman is 5 months pregnant. She currently lives in a condition of poverty and
often runs out of money to buy food. She is most at risk for
a. liver damage.
b. osteopenia.
c. undernutrition.
d. overnutrition.
ANS: C
A person with undernutrition, or an intake less than the desired amounts of nutrients a
person needs to sustain and maintain health, carries a greater risk for physical illness than
a person receiving adequate nutrition. In this case, a young, pregnant woman living in
poverty who cannot obtain the necessary nutrition for herself and her baby is in a state of
,undernutrition, placing both at nutritional risk.
, DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
3. Which factors place a person at the greatest risk for malnutrition?
a. Poor appetite, insufficient nutrient intake, poor hygiene, and depleted nutrition
reserves
b. Poor hygiene, insufficient exercise, and excess carbohydrate intake
c. Depleted carbohydrate intake, poor hygiene, and excess calorie intake
d. Poor appetite, insufficient nutrient intake, depleted nutrition reserves, and a form
of metabolic stress
ANS: D
Malnutrition appears when nutritional reserves are depleted, and nutrient and energy
intake is not sufficient to meet day-to-day needs or added metabolic stress.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
4. A 48-year-old male patient is admitted to the hospital with a left hip fracture. He weighs
248 lb (54 lb above his desired weight). He is considered to be in a state of overnutrition.
The statement most true regarding his state of overnutrition is that
a. desired nutrients are consumed in excess amounts without the risk of malnutrition.
b. because excess body fat is evident and excess calories are consumed, there is no
risk of nutrient deficiency leading to malnutrition.
c. even though excess body fat and excess nutrient intake are evident, there still may
be a risk for some type of nutrient deficiency leading to malnutrition.
d. excess body weight may or may not be present along with excess consumption of
carbohydrates and fat, which results in inadequate vitamin and mineral intake.
ANS: C
Overnutrition results from excess nutrient and energy intake over time, resulting in excess
weight and a state of obesity. Malnutrition can result from excess body weight and the lack
of vitamin- and mineral-rich food consumption (e.g., consumption of fatty and
carbohydrate-rich foods only).
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
5. Which is least likely to be a primary cause of malnutrition?
a. Conditions of poverty
b. Prolonged hospitalization
c. Homelessness
d. Exercise
ANS: D
Malnutrition appears when nutritional reserves are depleted and nutrient and energy intake
is not sufficient to meet day-to-day needs or the additional requirements necessary during
periods of stress; thus, exercise is not a factor.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
, 6. Overnutrition is characterized by
a. overeating at a meal.
b. excess nutrient and energy intake over time.
c. eating a diet with too much variety.
d. using dietary supplements.
ANS: B
Overnutrition results from excess nutrient and energy intake over time or occurs when
excessive amounts of nutrient supplements are consumed, resulting in tissue-damaging
effects.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
7. The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) address the nutrient needs of
a. all adults.
b. most healthy population groups.
c. minority ethnic groups.
d. pregnant women, infants, and children.
ANS: B
The DRIs refer to a system of reference values that can be used for assessing and planning
diets for healthy population groups and other purposes.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
8. The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are developed by the
a. U.S. Public Health Service.
b. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
c. Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine.
d. National Institutes of Health (NIH).
ANS: C
DRIs are developed by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
9. When not enough scientific evidence is available to establish a Recommended Dietary
Allowance (RDA), the value used to guide intake is called the
a. Dietary Reference Intake (DRI).
b. tolerable upper intake level (UL).
c. estimated average requirement (EAR).
d. adequate intake (AI).
ANS: D
AI is used as a guide when not enough scientific data are available to establish the RDA
figure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
