Bio 272 Exam #1 Questions and
Answers
All living things - Correct Answers -Utilize and transform energy
Generate and maintain order without breaking second law of thermo
Regulate through homeostasis
Respond to stimulus (environment)
Use energy to reproduce
Grow and develop
Robert Hooke (1665) - Correct Answers -Studied cork and and named the structures he
saw "cells". 1st instance of cells.
Mattias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann - Correct Answers -formulated cell theory
(1838) and saw nucleus splitting during cell division
Rudolf Virchow - Correct Answers -proposed that new cells are formed only from cells
that already exist
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) - Correct Answers -Disapproved of spontaneous generation.
Experiment with maggots spawning from eggs that were laid by flies
Unifying characteristics of cells - Correct Answers -All organisms encode genetic
information in DNA
-replication of DNA allows propagation of genetic info to progeny
-DNA transcribed into RNA then translated into protein
Prokaryote - Correct Answers -Bacteria, archaea, Cyanobacteria
Mainly unicellular
Eukaryotes - Correct Answers -Protists, fungi, plant, animals
, Could be multicellular and unicellular
Prokaryotes characteristics cont. - Correct Answers -Spherical, rodlike, spiral shape
Tough protective coating and capsule
Unicellular, but can form clusters/communities
Diverse metabolism and diverse environments
Use CO2 and N2 for energy
Prokaryotic v Eukaryotic organelles - Correct Answers -Prokaryotes have no nucleus or
membrane bound organelles
Eukaryotes have nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Prokaryotic v Eukaryotic RNA and Proteins - Correct Answers -Prokaryotes have RNA
and protein in cytoplasm
Eukaryotes have RNA synthesized in nucleus and proteins translated in cytoplasm
Prokaryotic v Eukaryotic DNA - Correct Answers -Prokaryotes have circular DNA
Eukaryotes have linear DNA
Prokaryotic v Eukaryotic Division - Correct Answers -Prokaryotes- binary fission
Eukaryotes- mitosis and meiosis
Prokaryotic v Eukaryotic cytoplasm - Correct Answers -Prokaryotes have simple
cytoskeleton with no endo or exocytosis
Eukaryotes have complex cytoskeleton with endo and exocytosis
Eukaryotes characteristics cont. - Correct Answers -Prominent nucleus
Large and complex cytoplasm caused need for meiosis and mitosis
Where did eukaryotes come from? - Correct Answers -There was a predator precursor
cell (probably archaebacteria like cell) that had flexible membrane to engulf prokaryotes
Nucleus made so dna wasn't destroyed during division
Engulfed both mitochondria and chloroplasts when they were likely solo prokaryotes
(aerobic bacterium)
Answers
All living things - Correct Answers -Utilize and transform energy
Generate and maintain order without breaking second law of thermo
Regulate through homeostasis
Respond to stimulus (environment)
Use energy to reproduce
Grow and develop
Robert Hooke (1665) - Correct Answers -Studied cork and and named the structures he
saw "cells". 1st instance of cells.
Mattias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann - Correct Answers -formulated cell theory
(1838) and saw nucleus splitting during cell division
Rudolf Virchow - Correct Answers -proposed that new cells are formed only from cells
that already exist
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) - Correct Answers -Disapproved of spontaneous generation.
Experiment with maggots spawning from eggs that were laid by flies
Unifying characteristics of cells - Correct Answers -All organisms encode genetic
information in DNA
-replication of DNA allows propagation of genetic info to progeny
-DNA transcribed into RNA then translated into protein
Prokaryote - Correct Answers -Bacteria, archaea, Cyanobacteria
Mainly unicellular
Eukaryotes - Correct Answers -Protists, fungi, plant, animals
, Could be multicellular and unicellular
Prokaryotes characteristics cont. - Correct Answers -Spherical, rodlike, spiral shape
Tough protective coating and capsule
Unicellular, but can form clusters/communities
Diverse metabolism and diverse environments
Use CO2 and N2 for energy
Prokaryotic v Eukaryotic organelles - Correct Answers -Prokaryotes have no nucleus or
membrane bound organelles
Eukaryotes have nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Prokaryotic v Eukaryotic RNA and Proteins - Correct Answers -Prokaryotes have RNA
and protein in cytoplasm
Eukaryotes have RNA synthesized in nucleus and proteins translated in cytoplasm
Prokaryotic v Eukaryotic DNA - Correct Answers -Prokaryotes have circular DNA
Eukaryotes have linear DNA
Prokaryotic v Eukaryotic Division - Correct Answers -Prokaryotes- binary fission
Eukaryotes- mitosis and meiosis
Prokaryotic v Eukaryotic cytoplasm - Correct Answers -Prokaryotes have simple
cytoskeleton with no endo or exocytosis
Eukaryotes have complex cytoskeleton with endo and exocytosis
Eukaryotes characteristics cont. - Correct Answers -Prominent nucleus
Large and complex cytoplasm caused need for meiosis and mitosis
Where did eukaryotes come from? - Correct Answers -There was a predator precursor
cell (probably archaebacteria like cell) that had flexible membrane to engulf prokaryotes
Nucleus made so dna wasn't destroyed during division
Engulfed both mitochondria and chloroplasts when they were likely solo prokaryotes
(aerobic bacterium)
