NSC Exam Questions And Answers
Amino Acid - CORRECT ANSWER-building blocks of protein, they are bound together
by polypeptide
Amino acid pool - CORRECT ANSWER-the pool of proteins that have been broken
down into amino acids, they are then used for multiple parts of the body like hormones,
cell membranes, muscle tissue, and enzymes
Antioxidants - CORRECT ANSWER-reverse oxidation and radicals // A,C,E //
vegetables and fruits
BCAAs - CORRECT ANSWER-Leucine, isoleucine, valine
Benefits of replacing unsaturated fats with saturated fats - CORRECT ANSWER--
reduction in total and LDL cholesterol
-reduction in heart attacks and associated death
-improved insulin sensitivity
Carb function in the body - CORRECT ANSWER-Main energy source
Carbon Chain Size - CORRECT ANSWER-Small < 6 carbons
Medium 6-12 carbons
Long > 12 carbons
Celiac Disease - CORRECT ANSWER-inherited disease // immune system attacks
small intestine when gluten is ingested
Commonalities of B vitamins - CORRECT ANSWER--function as coenzymes in energy
metabolism -help to produce ATP from macronutrients
Complementary protein - CORRECT ANSWER-certain 2 incomplete proteins eaten
together to make a complete protein / veggies & hummus
Legumes <->Grains(rice)<->vegetables<->nuts<->legumes
Complete vs. incomplete protein - CORRECT ANSWER-complete-high quality, meat,
fish, eggs, poultry, dairy
Incomplete-low quality, plant protein
DHA - CORRECT ANSWER-brain development and reduce brain inflammation //
seafood, especially salmon
, Dietary Guidelines for American fat intake - CORRECT ANSWER-20-35% total caloric
intake, less than 10% of saturated fats
Disaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER-sucrose, lactose, maltose
Enzymes - CORRECT ANSWER-catalyst, breaking down proteins into amino acids
EPA - CORRECT ANSWER-decrease inflammation// seafood, especially salmon
fat digestion - CORRECT ANSWER-Mouth-lipase
Small intestine-bile secreted from the gall bladder (bile is produced in the liver),
pancreatic lipases
fat soluble vitamins - CORRECT ANSWER-ADEK
Foods that contain cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWER--eggs -cheese
Foods that contain saturated fats - CORRECT ANSWER--burger, pizza, cheese,
sausage
Function of Vitamin D - CORRECT ANSWER-calcium absorption, bone mineralization,
reduces inflammation, controls 100 of genes, cell growth, muscle, immune system
functioning
functions of protein - CORRECT ANSWER-most abundant organic substance in the
body // responsible for many many functions in the body as well as muscles, skin,
bones, fingernails, hair, etc.
Glucagon - CORRECT ANSWER-hormone secreted at the opposite time of insulin in
order to raise glucose levels. It is released when glucose levels are too low, releasing
glucose from the liver into the bloodstream
Gluten - CORRECT ANSWER-insoluble protein composite // wheat, rye, and barley-
responsible for the elastic consistency of dough
Glycemic Index - CORRECT ANSWER-ranking foods based on the relative blood
glucose response observed after ingesting them.
High glucose response= high glycemic index
low glucose response= low glycemic index.
HDL vs. LDL - CORRECT ANSWER-High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)-good, more
protein, removes cholesterol, want levels above 60
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)-bad, more cholesterol by dropping it off, delivers to your
cells
Amino Acid - CORRECT ANSWER-building blocks of protein, they are bound together
by polypeptide
Amino acid pool - CORRECT ANSWER-the pool of proteins that have been broken
down into amino acids, they are then used for multiple parts of the body like hormones,
cell membranes, muscle tissue, and enzymes
Antioxidants - CORRECT ANSWER-reverse oxidation and radicals // A,C,E //
vegetables and fruits
BCAAs - CORRECT ANSWER-Leucine, isoleucine, valine
Benefits of replacing unsaturated fats with saturated fats - CORRECT ANSWER--
reduction in total and LDL cholesterol
-reduction in heart attacks and associated death
-improved insulin sensitivity
Carb function in the body - CORRECT ANSWER-Main energy source
Carbon Chain Size - CORRECT ANSWER-Small < 6 carbons
Medium 6-12 carbons
Long > 12 carbons
Celiac Disease - CORRECT ANSWER-inherited disease // immune system attacks
small intestine when gluten is ingested
Commonalities of B vitamins - CORRECT ANSWER--function as coenzymes in energy
metabolism -help to produce ATP from macronutrients
Complementary protein - CORRECT ANSWER-certain 2 incomplete proteins eaten
together to make a complete protein / veggies & hummus
Legumes <->Grains(rice)<->vegetables<->nuts<->legumes
Complete vs. incomplete protein - CORRECT ANSWER-complete-high quality, meat,
fish, eggs, poultry, dairy
Incomplete-low quality, plant protein
DHA - CORRECT ANSWER-brain development and reduce brain inflammation //
seafood, especially salmon
, Dietary Guidelines for American fat intake - CORRECT ANSWER-20-35% total caloric
intake, less than 10% of saturated fats
Disaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER-sucrose, lactose, maltose
Enzymes - CORRECT ANSWER-catalyst, breaking down proteins into amino acids
EPA - CORRECT ANSWER-decrease inflammation// seafood, especially salmon
fat digestion - CORRECT ANSWER-Mouth-lipase
Small intestine-bile secreted from the gall bladder (bile is produced in the liver),
pancreatic lipases
fat soluble vitamins - CORRECT ANSWER-ADEK
Foods that contain cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWER--eggs -cheese
Foods that contain saturated fats - CORRECT ANSWER--burger, pizza, cheese,
sausage
Function of Vitamin D - CORRECT ANSWER-calcium absorption, bone mineralization,
reduces inflammation, controls 100 of genes, cell growth, muscle, immune system
functioning
functions of protein - CORRECT ANSWER-most abundant organic substance in the
body // responsible for many many functions in the body as well as muscles, skin,
bones, fingernails, hair, etc.
Glucagon - CORRECT ANSWER-hormone secreted at the opposite time of insulin in
order to raise glucose levels. It is released when glucose levels are too low, releasing
glucose from the liver into the bloodstream
Gluten - CORRECT ANSWER-insoluble protein composite // wheat, rye, and barley-
responsible for the elastic consistency of dough
Glycemic Index - CORRECT ANSWER-ranking foods based on the relative blood
glucose response observed after ingesting them.
High glucose response= high glycemic index
low glucose response= low glycemic index.
HDL vs. LDL - CORRECT ANSWER-High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)-good, more
protein, removes cholesterol, want levels above 60
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)-bad, more cholesterol by dropping it off, delivers to your
cells
