Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER Popular motivational theory proposed by
Abraham Maslow in 1943.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Main Idea - ANSWER Individuals must satisfy a basic
series of needs before they can reach their potential.
Maslow's Deficiency Needs - ANSWER Physiological, Safety, Love and Belonging,
and Esteem
Maslow's Growth Needs - ANSWER Cognitive, Aesthetic, Self-Actualization,
Transcendence
Maslow's Physiological Need - ANSWER Biological needs for survival, food, water,
shelter
Maslow's Safety Need - ANSWER Protection from the elements, law and order,
financial security, and freedom from fear.
Maslow's Love and Belonging Need - ANSWER Need for interpersonal
relationships - friendships, intimacy, being part of a group.
Maslow's Esteem Need - ANSWER Self-respect, respect from others, achievement,
status, and prestige.
Maslow's Cognitive Need - ANSWER Curiosity, knowledge, and intellectual
exploration
Maslow's Aesthetic Need - ANSWER Need focuses on the search for and
expression of beauty and balance.
Maslow's Self-Actualization Need - ANSWER Personal growth and fulfillment and
the realization of one's personal potential as a human being.
Maslow's Transcendence Need - ANSWER Meeting spiritual needs or helping
others achieve self-actualization.
Arnold Gesell - ANSWER First theorist to observe and document stages of physical
development.
Gesell's Maturational Theory - ANSWER Child's growth & development are
influenced by both their environment and genes in sequential order
Infancy - ANSWER The stage of development that begins at birth and lasts
between 18 and 24 months. Dozens of motor skills are added.
Early Childhood - ANSWER The stage of development from 2 - 6 years old.
Improvements occur in both fine and gross motor skills.
, Middle Childhood - ANSWER The stage of development from 6 - 10 years old. Slow
but steady gains in weight and height.
Adolescence - ANSWER The stage of development from 10 - 18 years old. Weight
and height increase rapidly and puberty begins.
Jean Piaget - ANSWER Swiss psychologist known for his Theory of Cognitive
Development.
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development - ANSWER Theory that suggests
children move through four different stages of development. Sensorimotor,
Preoperational, Concrete Operational, and Formal Operational.
Sensorimotor Stage - ANSWER Stage of development from birth to 2 years. Infants
and toddlers acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and manipulating
objects.
Object Permanence - ANSWER The understanding that objects continue to exist
even when they cannot be seen. Major development of sensorimotor stage.
Preoperational Stage - ANSWER Stage of development from 2 to 7 years. Kids
learn through pretend play. Egocentric and struggle to see others perspective.
Concrete Operational Stage - ANSWER Stage of development from 7 to 11 years.
Logical thought begins, and they understand the idea of conservation.
Formal Operational Stage - ANSWER Stage of development for 12 years and up.
Abstract thought begins. Higher order thinking and ability to systematically plan for
future.
Schema - ANSWER Categories of knowledge that help us to interpret and
understand the world. An organized pattern of behavior or thought.
Assimilation - ANSWER Process of using or transforming the environment so that it
can be placed in preexisting cognitive structures (schema).
Accomodation - ANSWER Process of changing cognitive structures (schema) in
order to accept something from the environment. Can also develop new schemas.
Equilibration - ANSWER The attempt to strike a balance between assimilation and
accommodation. The tendency to organize schemas.
Vygotsky's Theory of Cognitive Development - ANSWER Lev Vygotsky's
sociocultural theory that emphasized the important role of social interactions in the
development of children's cognition.
Abraham Maslow in 1943.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Main Idea - ANSWER Individuals must satisfy a basic
series of needs before they can reach their potential.
Maslow's Deficiency Needs - ANSWER Physiological, Safety, Love and Belonging,
and Esteem
Maslow's Growth Needs - ANSWER Cognitive, Aesthetic, Self-Actualization,
Transcendence
Maslow's Physiological Need - ANSWER Biological needs for survival, food, water,
shelter
Maslow's Safety Need - ANSWER Protection from the elements, law and order,
financial security, and freedom from fear.
Maslow's Love and Belonging Need - ANSWER Need for interpersonal
relationships - friendships, intimacy, being part of a group.
Maslow's Esteem Need - ANSWER Self-respect, respect from others, achievement,
status, and prestige.
Maslow's Cognitive Need - ANSWER Curiosity, knowledge, and intellectual
exploration
Maslow's Aesthetic Need - ANSWER Need focuses on the search for and
expression of beauty and balance.
Maslow's Self-Actualization Need - ANSWER Personal growth and fulfillment and
the realization of one's personal potential as a human being.
Maslow's Transcendence Need - ANSWER Meeting spiritual needs or helping
others achieve self-actualization.
Arnold Gesell - ANSWER First theorist to observe and document stages of physical
development.
Gesell's Maturational Theory - ANSWER Child's growth & development are
influenced by both their environment and genes in sequential order
Infancy - ANSWER The stage of development that begins at birth and lasts
between 18 and 24 months. Dozens of motor skills are added.
Early Childhood - ANSWER The stage of development from 2 - 6 years old.
Improvements occur in both fine and gross motor skills.
, Middle Childhood - ANSWER The stage of development from 6 - 10 years old. Slow
but steady gains in weight and height.
Adolescence - ANSWER The stage of development from 10 - 18 years old. Weight
and height increase rapidly and puberty begins.
Jean Piaget - ANSWER Swiss psychologist known for his Theory of Cognitive
Development.
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development - ANSWER Theory that suggests
children move through four different stages of development. Sensorimotor,
Preoperational, Concrete Operational, and Formal Operational.
Sensorimotor Stage - ANSWER Stage of development from birth to 2 years. Infants
and toddlers acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and manipulating
objects.
Object Permanence - ANSWER The understanding that objects continue to exist
even when they cannot be seen. Major development of sensorimotor stage.
Preoperational Stage - ANSWER Stage of development from 2 to 7 years. Kids
learn through pretend play. Egocentric and struggle to see others perspective.
Concrete Operational Stage - ANSWER Stage of development from 7 to 11 years.
Logical thought begins, and they understand the idea of conservation.
Formal Operational Stage - ANSWER Stage of development for 12 years and up.
Abstract thought begins. Higher order thinking and ability to systematically plan for
future.
Schema - ANSWER Categories of knowledge that help us to interpret and
understand the world. An organized pattern of behavior or thought.
Assimilation - ANSWER Process of using or transforming the environment so that it
can be placed in preexisting cognitive structures (schema).
Accomodation - ANSWER Process of changing cognitive structures (schema) in
order to accept something from the environment. Can also develop new schemas.
Equilibration - ANSWER The attempt to strike a balance between assimilation and
accommodation. The tendency to organize schemas.
Vygotsky's Theory of Cognitive Development - ANSWER Lev Vygotsky's
sociocultural theory that emphasized the important role of social interactions in the
development of children's cognition.
