NUR 4768C
Adult Chronic Conditions
Midterms Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Multiple Choice
Question: A 65-year-old patient with a history of diabetes
mellitus presents with neuropathic pain in the feet. Which
pharmacological intervention is the most appropriate?
A. Acetaminophen
B. Gabapentin
C. Furosemide
D. Aspirin
ANS: B
©2025
, Rationale: Gabapentin is commonly prescribed for neuropathic
pain management, particularly in conditions like diabetic
neuropathy.
---
2. Fill-in-the-Blank
Question: The primary pathophysiological mechanism of
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involves chronic
inflammation of the ____________, resulting in airflow
obstruction.
ANS: airways
Rationale: Chronic inflammation of the airways leads to
structural remodeling, mucus production, and airflow limitation in
COPD.
---
3. True/False
Question: In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD),
anemia is primarily caused by decreased erythropoietin
production by the kidneys.
©2025
, ANS: True
Rationale: CKD impairs erythropoietin production, leading to
reduced red blood cell synthesis and anemia.
---
4. Multiple Response
Question: Which self-care strategies should a nurse
recommend to a patient with heart failure? (Select all that apply)
- A. Monitoring daily weights
- B. Consuming a high-sodium diet
- C. Reporting new or worsening edema
- D. Avoiding excessive fluid intake
ANS: A, C, D
Rationale: Monitoring weight, reporting edema, and managing
fluid intake are essential in heart failure care. High sodium intake
should be avoided.
---
5. Multiple Choice
©2025
, Question: A patient with a history of hypertension and chronic
kidney disease is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitor. What is the primary rationale for this
prescription?
A. To reduce myocardial contractility
B. To promote vasoconstriction
C. To decrease proteinuria and preserve renal function
D. To increase sodium retention
ANS: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors help reduce proteinuria and protect
the kidneys, slowing CKD progression.
---
6. Fill-in-the-Blank
Question: In patients with chronic liver disease, elevated levels
of ____________ often lead to hepatic encephalopathy.
ANS: ammonia
Rationale: Impaired liver function reduces ammonia
detoxification, causing neurological symptoms in hepatic
encephalopathy.
©2025
Adult Chronic Conditions
Midterms Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Multiple Choice
Question: A 65-year-old patient with a history of diabetes
mellitus presents with neuropathic pain in the feet. Which
pharmacological intervention is the most appropriate?
A. Acetaminophen
B. Gabapentin
C. Furosemide
D. Aspirin
ANS: B
©2025
, Rationale: Gabapentin is commonly prescribed for neuropathic
pain management, particularly in conditions like diabetic
neuropathy.
---
2. Fill-in-the-Blank
Question: The primary pathophysiological mechanism of
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involves chronic
inflammation of the ____________, resulting in airflow
obstruction.
ANS: airways
Rationale: Chronic inflammation of the airways leads to
structural remodeling, mucus production, and airflow limitation in
COPD.
---
3. True/False
Question: In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD),
anemia is primarily caused by decreased erythropoietin
production by the kidneys.
©2025
, ANS: True
Rationale: CKD impairs erythropoietin production, leading to
reduced red blood cell synthesis and anemia.
---
4. Multiple Response
Question: Which self-care strategies should a nurse
recommend to a patient with heart failure? (Select all that apply)
- A. Monitoring daily weights
- B. Consuming a high-sodium diet
- C. Reporting new or worsening edema
- D. Avoiding excessive fluid intake
ANS: A, C, D
Rationale: Monitoring weight, reporting edema, and managing
fluid intake are essential in heart failure care. High sodium intake
should be avoided.
---
5. Multiple Choice
©2025
, Question: A patient with a history of hypertension and chronic
kidney disease is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitor. What is the primary rationale for this
prescription?
A. To reduce myocardial contractility
B. To promote vasoconstriction
C. To decrease proteinuria and preserve renal function
D. To increase sodium retention
ANS: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors help reduce proteinuria and protect
the kidneys, slowing CKD progression.
---
6. Fill-in-the-Blank
Question: In patients with chronic liver disease, elevated levels
of ____________ often lead to hepatic encephalopathy.
ANS: ammonia
Rationale: Impaired liver function reduces ammonia
detoxification, causing neurological symptoms in hepatic
encephalopathy.
©2025
