WGU ELO1 (Subject-Specific Pedagogy) Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

WGU ELO1 (Subject-Specific Pedagogy) Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide) Content-Based ESL - ANSWER -ELLs receive ESL instruction, taught by and ESL licensed teacher, in preparation for grade-level content instruction in English. The emphasis is still on language development, but augmented with academic subject matter vocabulary and beginning concepts. Sheltered English Instruction - ANSWER -ELLs are taught academic content in English by a content licensed teacher. However, the English language used for instruction is adapted to the proficiency level of the students. While the instruction focuses on content, sheltered English instruction also promotes English language development. Structured English Immersion - ANSWER -ELLs are taught subject matter in English by a content licensed teacher who is also licensed in ESL or bilingual education. The teacher is proficient in the first language of the student. Students may use their native language for clarification, but the teacher uses only English. NO ESL instruction is provided in this model. Civil Rights Act - ANSWER -No person based on national origin is denied the benefit of federal funded programs Elementary and Secondary Education Act - ANSWER --Various grants targeting specific populations called "titles". -Title 3 is for language instruction for LEP and immigrant students. Equal Education Opportunities Act - ANSWER -prohibits denying of equal educational opportunities based on race, color, sex, or national origin. Lau V. Nichols - ANSWER -~Equal treatment doesn't mean providing students with same facilities, textbooks, teachers and curriculums ~Equal learning opportunities means different enhanced/modified approaches, materials, learning environment to meet learners needs ~Teach in English but 1st language is allowed Castaneda V. Pickard - ANSWER -~Texas school wasn't providing "Adequate instruction", meaning ESL services based on research, evidence theory and pedagogy, services implemented by trained teachers and appropriate resources, and regular monitoring of program effectiveness with action to modify programs if found ineffective Office of Civil Rights - ANSWER -~issued specific guidelines and mandates: 1 Qualified ESL teachers and evaluations of them 2 Criteria to exit students from ESL services 3 ESL students who qualify for sped 4ESL students who qualify for gt and other specialized programs. Plyler v. Doe - ANSWER -Supreme court ruled that regardless of documentation and citizen status, all children deserve free public education NCLB - ANSWER -~Schools must provide plan and documents of researched based ESL services ~For ELL's 1 Requires annual assessment of EL's language proficiency 2 schools are expected to meet annual measurable achievement objectives as determinded by the state. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: IDEA - ANSWER -~EL's need to be assessed for abilities in the language they are most comfortable with ~Translators must be provided to inform parents and for the EL's to go through testing ~Multiple assessments must be included home language survey (HLS) - ANSWER -A survey required by the Office of Civil Rights upon a student's admission to a public school to determine the predominant language spoken in the student's home. Horne v Flores - ANSWER -The Supreme Court declared that federal equal-education laws are concerned with student outcomes, not financial inputs. Though the EEOA requires states to take "appropriate action"26 to help ELs from falling behind their non-EL peers, the Court found that individual states must determine how that obligation will be met, both financially and programmatically. FERPA (Family Education Rights and Privacy Act) - ANSWER Schools are prohibited from providing any outside agency—including the Immigration and Naturalization Service—with any information from a student's school file that would expose their 6 Chapter 1: Legal Guidelines | August 2016 undocumented status without first obtaining permission from the student's parents. The only exception is if a court order (subpoena) is served; however, parents may challenge such an order.13