NURS 366 Exam #2 Questions with Correct
Answers 2025
PhlebitisA-AcorrectAanswers-
=AVeinAinflammation,AtheAveinAandAsurroundingAtissuesAhaveAbecomeAirritated,Ared,Awarm,
AandAtender
>ASymptoms:AerythemaA(streakAformation),Apain,Aedema,AveinAfeelsAhardAwhenApalpated
InfiltrationA-AcorrectAanswers-
=AIVAcatheterAisAdisplacedAfromAveinAandAtheAIVAfluidAleaksAintoAtheAsurroundingAtissue
>ASymptoms:Apain,Aswelling,Abruises,AskinAblanched,AskinAcoolAtoAtheAtouch,AIVAdressingAi
sAleaking,AIVApumpAbeepsAocclusionAonApatientAside
ExtravasationA-AcorrectAanswers-
=AIVAcatheterAisAdisplacedAandAvesicantAdrugAleaksAintoAsurroundingAtissueAcausingAblister
s/severeAtissueAdamage
>ASymptoms:Aredness,Aswelling,Ablanching,Apain/tenderness,AcoolAskinAtempAaroundAsite
VariousAIVAsolutionsA(Isotonic,Ahypotonic,Ahypertonic)A-AcorrectAanswers-
>AIsotonicA=AsameAosmolalityAasAbloodAserum,AcellsAremainAunchanged,AexpandsAECF,AL
R,A0.9%NS
>AHypotonicA=AlowerAosmolalityAthanAbloodAserum,AhydratesAcells,AcausesAthemAtoAexpan
d/burst,A0.45%ANS,AD5W
>AHypertonicA=AhigherAosmolalityAthanAbloodAserum,AcausesAcellsAtoAshrink,AD5WA0.45%A
NS,AD10W
WhatAshouldAtheAnurseAbeAmonitoringAduringAIVAfluidAadministration?A-AcorrectAanswers-
>AHomeostasisA:AmedAadmin,AalterationsAinAbloodAvolume,AalterationsAinAelectrolytesA(sec
ondaryApreexistingAdisease,AtraumaticAevent,Asurgery,AnutritionalAlosses)
>AFocusedAreviewAofAsystemsA-Acardiac,Avascular,Apulmonary,Aintegumentary,Arenal
-
AFluidAexcessAandAfluidAdeficitA(head/neck,Atrunk,AchestA(lungsAclearAorArales?),Aabdomen,A
extremities
>AVitalAsigns,Alabs,AI&OA(fluids/diet),Aweight,Asite
>AIsAtheAIVAtherapyAstillAneeded?ACanAtheAfluids/supplementsAbeAtakenAorallyAinstead?
>AAppropriate?A(RiskAforAinfection,ApromotionAofAself-care,Adischarge)
WhatAactionAshouldAbeAtakenAwithAanAIVAsiteAthatAisAnotAWNL?A-AcorrectAanswers-
>APhlebitisA-ADCAIVAandAapplyAaAwarmAcompress
>AInfiltrationA-ADCAIVAandAapplyAwarmAcompressAtoAencourageAabsorption
>AExtravasationA-
ADCAinfusion,AattemptAtoAaspirateAtheAdrug,AapplyAice,AresearchAmedicationA(antidoteAforAe
xtravasationAinjury?),AnotifyAhealthAcareAproviderA(ventralAvenousAdevice?)
StateAneededAequipmentAforAIVAinsertionA-AcorrectAanswers-
=AGloves,AAlcoholAprep,Atape,Atourniquet,AIVAcatheter,AconnectorAtubing,Agauze,AdressingA
(Tegaderm),AdripAset,AIVAfluid
IdentifyAappropriateAsitesAforAinsertionAofAanAIVA-AcorrectAanswers-
>ADigitalAveinsA(fingersAorAtoes),AmetacarpalAveinsA(topAofAhand),AdorsalAveinsA(wrist),Acep
halicAveinsA(forearm),AbasilicAveinA(upperAarm)
,>AVeinsAshouldAbeAsuperficial,Asmooth,Abouncy,AnoApulsation,AavoidAveinAbifurcation,AnotAc
loseAtoAaAjoint,AskinAisAnormal
IdentifyAreasonsAIVAinsertion/therapyAwouldAbeAneededA-AcorrectAanswers-
>APediatric/elderlyApatientsA(24g)
>AIVFsA&AAbxsAlowAflowAfluidsA(22g)
>ABloodAproducts/hypertonicAsolutionsA(20g)A
>AOR/L&D/bloodAproducts/highAflowAfluidsA(18g)
>AOR/traumaA(16g)
MacrodripAvsAmicrodripAIVAinfusionAflowAratesA-AcorrectAanswers->AMacrodripA-
AgivenAmlAandAtime
>AMicrodripA-AuseAdropAfactorAwithAmlAandAtime
IVAinfusionArateAusingAanAelectronicApumpAformulaA-AcorrectAanswers-
>AVolumeAtoAbeAgivenA(mL)A/A#AhoursAtoAinfuseA=AmL/hrs
>AIfAinfusionAtimeAisAgivenAinAminutes,AconvertAtoAhoursApriorAtoAcalculatingAtheAinfusionArat
e
>AExample:ADocAprescribedA250mLAofA0.9%ANaCLA(NS)AtoAbeAinfusedAoverA120Aminutes,A
howAmanyAmL/hrAisAthis?
-A250AmLA/A2AhoursA=A125AmL/hr
IVAinfusionArateA(lessAthanA1AhourAinAduration)AusingAelectronicApumpAformulaA-
AcorrectAanswers->AXA(mL/hrs)A=AtotalAvolumeA(mL)AxA60AminsA/AtotalAtimeA(min)
>AIfAinfusionAisAlessAthanA1-hourAtotalAtimeAinAminutesAneedAtoAbeAusedAtoAsolveAforAmL/hrs
>AExample:AAApatientAisAtoAreceiveA1AgramAofARocephinAinA50AmLAofANSAsolutionAoverA30A
mins,AhowAmanyAmL/hrAisAthis?
-A50AmLAxA60AminsA/A30AminsA=A100AmL/hr
CalculatingAdropsAperAminuteA(forAgravityAflowAdevices)A-AcorrectAanswers-
>AGtt/minA=AamountAofAfluidAxAdropAfactorA/AhoursAtoAinfuseAxA60Amins
>ARememberAtoAconvertAhoursAtoAminutes
>AMultiplyAfirst,AthenAdivide
>AExample:ACalculateAtheAgtts/minAforA200AmLAofA0.9%ANaClAtoAinfuseAoverA2Ahours.ADrop
AfactorAisA20Agtts/min.
-A(200AmL/hrAXA20Agtts/min)A/A(2AhrsAXA60Amins)A=A33Agtts/min
IVAinsertionAinAkidsA1AyearAandAyoungerA-AcorrectAanswers-
>AFocusAonAparentAeducationA(youngerAchildAisAtheAmoreAworriedAparentsAare)
>AProvideAcomfortAmeasuresA(pacifier,AoralAsucrose)A
>AEncourageAbabyAtoAholdAfavoriteAblanket/toy
IVAinsertionAinAtoddlersA1-3AyearsAoldA-AcorrectAanswers->AKeepAexplanationAsimple/short
>AMakeAsureAchildAunderstandsAbodyApartAinvolved
>ADescribeAhowAtheAstickAwillAfeel/howAbriefAitAis
>AIt'sAOKAtoAcryAbutANOAkicking
IVAinsertionAinApreschoolersA3-5AyearsAoldA-AcorrectAanswers->A"ShowAandAtellAage"A
>ATalkAtoAchild/getAinvolved
>AShowAIVAonAstuffedAanimal/letAthemAtry
>AStartAIVAASAPAafterAexplanationAtoAavoidAapprehension
>APraiseAchild,AtheyAareAbraveA:)
IVAinsertionAinAschoolAageA6-12AyearsAoldA-AcorrectAanswers->A"TheAwantAtoAknowAyears"A
>ABriefAstep-by-stepAexplanation
, >AStressAbenefits
>AAssureAweAwon'tAputAinAdominantAhandAsoAtheyAcanAuseAit
>AGiveAsenseAofAcontrolA(momAandAdadAstayAinAroom?)
>ADistractionA(parents,ATV,Agames)
IdentifyAIVAsitesAappropriateAforAanAinfantAandAunderstandAimportanceAofApreparationA-
AcorrectAanswers-
>AInfantsA(9AmonthsAorAyounger)AeasiestAIVAsiteAisAtheAscalp:AeasiestAtoAsee,AbiggerAthanAh
and/feet,AnoAvalves,Adon'tAroll
>AOtherAsites:Ahands,Afoot,AlegA(theAgreaterAsaphenous)
>APrep:AexplainAtoAparentsAbecauseAtheyAgetAscared!AIVAinsertionAhereAhurtsAjustAasAbadAa
sAanywhereAelse,AheelAwarmers/warmAblanketsAtoApromoteAvasodilation!
>AChooseAtheAsmallestAgaugeAcathlonA(22AorA24)AtoAallowAhemodilutionAofAmeds/fluidsAbyA
theAbloodAasAitAflowsAaroundAcatheterA(longerAhemodilutionAlongerAveinAwillAlast)
CentralAvenousAlinesA(PICC)A-AassessingAsiteAandAdressingAchangesA-AcorrectAanswers-
>AAssessingAsite:AlookAforAinfectionA(localAandAsystemic),ACLABSIA(centralAlineAbloodstrea
mAinfection),AairAembolism,Athrombosis,AfibrinAsheath
>ANeedAforAdressingAchange:AsterileAdressingAchanges,AwithAmask,AsterileAgloves,AandAeq
uipment,AchangeAeveryA5-
7AdaysAdependingAonAhospitalApolicy/typeAofAdressing/dressingAintegrity
CentralAvenousAlinesA(PICC)AdrawingAbloodAandAflushingAcatheterA-AcorrectAanswers-
>ADrawingAblood:AflushAcatheterAandAaspirateA6AmlAofAblood,ArepeatAaspirationAandAreinfus
eAx3,AremoveAandAdiscardAusedAsyringe,AattachAaAnewAsyringe,AandAdrawAupAblood
>AFlushingAcatheter:AflushAwithA&AbeforeAeachAuseAandAroutinelyAwhenAnotAinAuse
-ABeforeAuse:AsalineAonly
-AAfterAuse:AnormallyAsalineAandAheparin
-ARoutineAflushAw/oAuse:AsalineAfollowedAbyAheparin
PeripheralAIVAsalineAflushAscenariosA-AcorrectAanswers->ASAS:Asaline,Aadminister,Asaline
>ANeedsAtoAbeAflushedA1-2AtimesAdailyAwhenAnotAinAuseAjustAforApatency,AuseA1-
3AmlA0.9%ANS/enoughAtoAclearAtubing
>AHeparinAflushAisANOTAused!
CentralAcatheterAheparinAflushAscenariosA-AcorrectAanswers->AGeneralAsalineAnotes:A5-
10AmlANSAbeforeAcontinuousAinfusion,Abefore/afterAintermittentAIVAmedications,AtoAcapAwh
enAendingAcontinuousAinfusion,AtwiceAdailyAtoAmaintainApatency
>AGeneralAheparin:A3AmlAadministeredAtoACVCs,A5AmlAtoAimplantedAportsA(largerAreservoirs
AandAneedAmoreAflushAvolume)
>ASASH:Asaline,Aadminister,Asaline,Aheparin
CentralAcatheterAlineArunningAcontinuousAfluidAorAmedication.AHeparin?A-AcorrectAanswers-
=AnoAneedAforAheparinAunlessAyouAdiscontinueAyourAcontinuousAmed/fluid,AonceAcomplete
dAflushAwithAsalineAfollowedAbyAheparin
CentralAcatheterAlineAisAHLAandAclamped.AHeparin?A-AcorrectAanswers-
=AroutinelyAflushAwithAsalineAfollowedAbyAheparinA(frequencyAdeterminedAbyAhospitalApolic
y)
CentralAcatheterAlineAadministeringAaAmedAtoAaAlineAalreadyAHLAandAclampedAandAdon'tApl
anAtoAuseAitAcontinuously.AHeparin?A-AcorrectAanswers-
=AflushAwithAsalineAbeforeAgivingAmed,AflushAwithAsalineAafterAmedAthenAheparin
Answers 2025
PhlebitisA-AcorrectAanswers-
=AVeinAinflammation,AtheAveinAandAsurroundingAtissuesAhaveAbecomeAirritated,Ared,Awarm,
AandAtender
>ASymptoms:AerythemaA(streakAformation),Apain,Aedema,AveinAfeelsAhardAwhenApalpated
InfiltrationA-AcorrectAanswers-
=AIVAcatheterAisAdisplacedAfromAveinAandAtheAIVAfluidAleaksAintoAtheAsurroundingAtissue
>ASymptoms:Apain,Aswelling,Abruises,AskinAblanched,AskinAcoolAtoAtheAtouch,AIVAdressingAi
sAleaking,AIVApumpAbeepsAocclusionAonApatientAside
ExtravasationA-AcorrectAanswers-
=AIVAcatheterAisAdisplacedAandAvesicantAdrugAleaksAintoAsurroundingAtissueAcausingAblister
s/severeAtissueAdamage
>ASymptoms:Aredness,Aswelling,Ablanching,Apain/tenderness,AcoolAskinAtempAaroundAsite
VariousAIVAsolutionsA(Isotonic,Ahypotonic,Ahypertonic)A-AcorrectAanswers-
>AIsotonicA=AsameAosmolalityAasAbloodAserum,AcellsAremainAunchanged,AexpandsAECF,AL
R,A0.9%NS
>AHypotonicA=AlowerAosmolalityAthanAbloodAserum,AhydratesAcells,AcausesAthemAtoAexpan
d/burst,A0.45%ANS,AD5W
>AHypertonicA=AhigherAosmolalityAthanAbloodAserum,AcausesAcellsAtoAshrink,AD5WA0.45%A
NS,AD10W
WhatAshouldAtheAnurseAbeAmonitoringAduringAIVAfluidAadministration?A-AcorrectAanswers-
>AHomeostasisA:AmedAadmin,AalterationsAinAbloodAvolume,AalterationsAinAelectrolytesA(sec
ondaryApreexistingAdisease,AtraumaticAevent,Asurgery,AnutritionalAlosses)
>AFocusedAreviewAofAsystemsA-Acardiac,Avascular,Apulmonary,Aintegumentary,Arenal
-
AFluidAexcessAandAfluidAdeficitA(head/neck,Atrunk,AchestA(lungsAclearAorArales?),Aabdomen,A
extremities
>AVitalAsigns,Alabs,AI&OA(fluids/diet),Aweight,Asite
>AIsAtheAIVAtherapyAstillAneeded?ACanAtheAfluids/supplementsAbeAtakenAorallyAinstead?
>AAppropriate?A(RiskAforAinfection,ApromotionAofAself-care,Adischarge)
WhatAactionAshouldAbeAtakenAwithAanAIVAsiteAthatAisAnotAWNL?A-AcorrectAanswers-
>APhlebitisA-ADCAIVAandAapplyAaAwarmAcompress
>AInfiltrationA-ADCAIVAandAapplyAwarmAcompressAtoAencourageAabsorption
>AExtravasationA-
ADCAinfusion,AattemptAtoAaspirateAtheAdrug,AapplyAice,AresearchAmedicationA(antidoteAforAe
xtravasationAinjury?),AnotifyAhealthAcareAproviderA(ventralAvenousAdevice?)
StateAneededAequipmentAforAIVAinsertionA-AcorrectAanswers-
=AGloves,AAlcoholAprep,Atape,Atourniquet,AIVAcatheter,AconnectorAtubing,Agauze,AdressingA
(Tegaderm),AdripAset,AIVAfluid
IdentifyAappropriateAsitesAforAinsertionAofAanAIVA-AcorrectAanswers-
>ADigitalAveinsA(fingersAorAtoes),AmetacarpalAveinsA(topAofAhand),AdorsalAveinsA(wrist),Acep
halicAveinsA(forearm),AbasilicAveinA(upperAarm)
,>AVeinsAshouldAbeAsuperficial,Asmooth,Abouncy,AnoApulsation,AavoidAveinAbifurcation,AnotAc
loseAtoAaAjoint,AskinAisAnormal
IdentifyAreasonsAIVAinsertion/therapyAwouldAbeAneededA-AcorrectAanswers-
>APediatric/elderlyApatientsA(24g)
>AIVFsA&AAbxsAlowAflowAfluidsA(22g)
>ABloodAproducts/hypertonicAsolutionsA(20g)A
>AOR/L&D/bloodAproducts/highAflowAfluidsA(18g)
>AOR/traumaA(16g)
MacrodripAvsAmicrodripAIVAinfusionAflowAratesA-AcorrectAanswers->AMacrodripA-
AgivenAmlAandAtime
>AMicrodripA-AuseAdropAfactorAwithAmlAandAtime
IVAinfusionArateAusingAanAelectronicApumpAformulaA-AcorrectAanswers-
>AVolumeAtoAbeAgivenA(mL)A/A#AhoursAtoAinfuseA=AmL/hrs
>AIfAinfusionAtimeAisAgivenAinAminutes,AconvertAtoAhoursApriorAtoAcalculatingAtheAinfusionArat
e
>AExample:ADocAprescribedA250mLAofA0.9%ANaCLA(NS)AtoAbeAinfusedAoverA120Aminutes,A
howAmanyAmL/hrAisAthis?
-A250AmLA/A2AhoursA=A125AmL/hr
IVAinfusionArateA(lessAthanA1AhourAinAduration)AusingAelectronicApumpAformulaA-
AcorrectAanswers->AXA(mL/hrs)A=AtotalAvolumeA(mL)AxA60AminsA/AtotalAtimeA(min)
>AIfAinfusionAisAlessAthanA1-hourAtotalAtimeAinAminutesAneedAtoAbeAusedAtoAsolveAforAmL/hrs
>AExample:AAApatientAisAtoAreceiveA1AgramAofARocephinAinA50AmLAofANSAsolutionAoverA30A
mins,AhowAmanyAmL/hrAisAthis?
-A50AmLAxA60AminsA/A30AminsA=A100AmL/hr
CalculatingAdropsAperAminuteA(forAgravityAflowAdevices)A-AcorrectAanswers-
>AGtt/minA=AamountAofAfluidAxAdropAfactorA/AhoursAtoAinfuseAxA60Amins
>ARememberAtoAconvertAhoursAtoAminutes
>AMultiplyAfirst,AthenAdivide
>AExample:ACalculateAtheAgtts/minAforA200AmLAofA0.9%ANaClAtoAinfuseAoverA2Ahours.ADrop
AfactorAisA20Agtts/min.
-A(200AmL/hrAXA20Agtts/min)A/A(2AhrsAXA60Amins)A=A33Agtts/min
IVAinsertionAinAkidsA1AyearAandAyoungerA-AcorrectAanswers-
>AFocusAonAparentAeducationA(youngerAchildAisAtheAmoreAworriedAparentsAare)
>AProvideAcomfortAmeasuresA(pacifier,AoralAsucrose)A
>AEncourageAbabyAtoAholdAfavoriteAblanket/toy
IVAinsertionAinAtoddlersA1-3AyearsAoldA-AcorrectAanswers->AKeepAexplanationAsimple/short
>AMakeAsureAchildAunderstandsAbodyApartAinvolved
>ADescribeAhowAtheAstickAwillAfeel/howAbriefAitAis
>AIt'sAOKAtoAcryAbutANOAkicking
IVAinsertionAinApreschoolersA3-5AyearsAoldA-AcorrectAanswers->A"ShowAandAtellAage"A
>ATalkAtoAchild/getAinvolved
>AShowAIVAonAstuffedAanimal/letAthemAtry
>AStartAIVAASAPAafterAexplanationAtoAavoidAapprehension
>APraiseAchild,AtheyAareAbraveA:)
IVAinsertionAinAschoolAageA6-12AyearsAoldA-AcorrectAanswers->A"TheAwantAtoAknowAyears"A
>ABriefAstep-by-stepAexplanation
, >AStressAbenefits
>AAssureAweAwon'tAputAinAdominantAhandAsoAtheyAcanAuseAit
>AGiveAsenseAofAcontrolA(momAandAdadAstayAinAroom?)
>ADistractionA(parents,ATV,Agames)
IdentifyAIVAsitesAappropriateAforAanAinfantAandAunderstandAimportanceAofApreparationA-
AcorrectAanswers-
>AInfantsA(9AmonthsAorAyounger)AeasiestAIVAsiteAisAtheAscalp:AeasiestAtoAsee,AbiggerAthanAh
and/feet,AnoAvalves,Adon'tAroll
>AOtherAsites:Ahands,Afoot,AlegA(theAgreaterAsaphenous)
>APrep:AexplainAtoAparentsAbecauseAtheyAgetAscared!AIVAinsertionAhereAhurtsAjustAasAbadAa
sAanywhereAelse,AheelAwarmers/warmAblanketsAtoApromoteAvasodilation!
>AChooseAtheAsmallestAgaugeAcathlonA(22AorA24)AtoAallowAhemodilutionAofAmeds/fluidsAbyA
theAbloodAasAitAflowsAaroundAcatheterA(longerAhemodilutionAlongerAveinAwillAlast)
CentralAvenousAlinesA(PICC)A-AassessingAsiteAandAdressingAchangesA-AcorrectAanswers-
>AAssessingAsite:AlookAforAinfectionA(localAandAsystemic),ACLABSIA(centralAlineAbloodstrea
mAinfection),AairAembolism,Athrombosis,AfibrinAsheath
>ANeedAforAdressingAchange:AsterileAdressingAchanges,AwithAmask,AsterileAgloves,AandAeq
uipment,AchangeAeveryA5-
7AdaysAdependingAonAhospitalApolicy/typeAofAdressing/dressingAintegrity
CentralAvenousAlinesA(PICC)AdrawingAbloodAandAflushingAcatheterA-AcorrectAanswers-
>ADrawingAblood:AflushAcatheterAandAaspirateA6AmlAofAblood,ArepeatAaspirationAandAreinfus
eAx3,AremoveAandAdiscardAusedAsyringe,AattachAaAnewAsyringe,AandAdrawAupAblood
>AFlushingAcatheter:AflushAwithA&AbeforeAeachAuseAandAroutinelyAwhenAnotAinAuse
-ABeforeAuse:AsalineAonly
-AAfterAuse:AnormallyAsalineAandAheparin
-ARoutineAflushAw/oAuse:AsalineAfollowedAbyAheparin
PeripheralAIVAsalineAflushAscenariosA-AcorrectAanswers->ASAS:Asaline,Aadminister,Asaline
>ANeedsAtoAbeAflushedA1-2AtimesAdailyAwhenAnotAinAuseAjustAforApatency,AuseA1-
3AmlA0.9%ANS/enoughAtoAclearAtubing
>AHeparinAflushAisANOTAused!
CentralAcatheterAheparinAflushAscenariosA-AcorrectAanswers->AGeneralAsalineAnotes:A5-
10AmlANSAbeforeAcontinuousAinfusion,Abefore/afterAintermittentAIVAmedications,AtoAcapAwh
enAendingAcontinuousAinfusion,AtwiceAdailyAtoAmaintainApatency
>AGeneralAheparin:A3AmlAadministeredAtoACVCs,A5AmlAtoAimplantedAportsA(largerAreservoirs
AandAneedAmoreAflushAvolume)
>ASASH:Asaline,Aadminister,Asaline,Aheparin
CentralAcatheterAlineArunningAcontinuousAfluidAorAmedication.AHeparin?A-AcorrectAanswers-
=AnoAneedAforAheparinAunlessAyouAdiscontinueAyourAcontinuousAmed/fluid,AonceAcomplete
dAflushAwithAsalineAfollowedAbyAheparin
CentralAcatheterAlineAisAHLAandAclamped.AHeparin?A-AcorrectAanswers-
=AroutinelyAflushAwithAsalineAfollowedAbyAheparinA(frequencyAdeterminedAbyAhospitalApolic
y)
CentralAcatheterAlineAadministeringAaAmedAtoAaAlineAalreadyAHLAandAclampedAandAdon'tApl
anAtoAuseAitAcontinuously.AHeparin?A-AcorrectAanswers-
=AflushAwithAsalineAbeforeAgivingAmed,AflushAwithAsalineAafterAmedAthenAheparin
