RC 172 - Exam 1 (Intro to Respiratory Critical Care) Questions with Accurate Answers Guaranteed to Score an A ( 2025 Latest Version.

RC 172 - Exam 1 (Intro to Respiratory Critical Care) Questions with Accurate Answers Guaranteed to Score an A ( 2025 Latest Version. Medical Intensive Care Unity (MICU) generally accepts a wide variety of critically ill patients, excluding only those patients who can be managed in another available ICU setting. In smaller hospitals, where no other specialties units are available, other ICU patients are placed here. Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) An intensive care unit that primarily services critically ill post operative patients and is staffed and managed by surgeons and anesthesiologists with training and specialization in critical care Coronary Care Unit (CCU) Increased care of the patient due to a heart condition. Tends to focus on to providing care to patients following acute MI, pts with unstable angina, and those with other serious cardiac arrhythmias. Typically incorporate telemetry or other continuous cardiac monitoring system and is supported by the cardiology service of the hospital Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit (CVICU) types of pts seen in this unit vary, depending on the hospital. In hospitals with separate CCU services, this unit tends to focus on the postoperative care following cardiothoracic or vascular surgery including CABG, heart valve replacement, and heart transplants. Other similar units may see patients following cardiac arrest and/or MI, and those with cardiac dysrhythmias, or heart failure; interventional cardiology procedures may be followed by admission to this units. Special procedures, such as hypothermia post-cardiac arrest, ECMO, IABP, VADs. Respiratory Intensive Care Unity (RICU) less common in the US. this unit specializes in the care of critically ill patients with pulmonary problems. Pts with acute COPD exacerbation, ARDS, severe PNA, and pts with other chronic lung conditions suffering from acute respiratory failure Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) provides care for critically ill newborns. Disorders seen in this unit include RDS, transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), neonatal PNA, meconium aspiration, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate (PPHN), sepsis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Respiratory care provided in this unit may include provision of a neutral thermal environment, monitoring, surfactant therapy, oxygen therapy, CPAP, and ventilatory support. ECMO and inhaled nitric oxide therapy (iNO) are also sometimes provided Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) focuses on the care of critically ill children, typically ranging in age from infants to teenagers. Disease states or conditions seen in this unit include acute respiratory failure, shock, trauma, overwhelming infection, multi-organ system dysfunction, acute neurologic disease, GI disorders, liver failure, renal disease, blood disorders, and cardiac disease. PNA, RSV, bronchiolitis, epiglottitis, croup, upper airway obstruction, acute pediatric asthma, CF, sepsis, anaphylaxis, poisoning, near drowning, and neurologic or neuromuscular disorders may lead to respiratory failure in pediatric patients. Services include basic respiratory care, pt assessment and monitoring, and providing mechanical ventilatory support. Some units also provide ECMO, high-frequency ventilation, and inhaled nitric oxide therapy (iNO) Nerologic Intensive Care Unit (Neuro ICU) focuses on the care of patients with critical, life-threatening neurological disorders such as a stroke, cerebral aneurysm, head trauma, traumatic brain injury, intracranial, or subarachnoid hemorrhage, encephalitis, meningitis, and subdural hematoma. Other conditions seen in the Neuro-ICU include status epilepticus, postoperative brain surgery (i.e. tumor removal), spinal cord injury, and neuromuscular disease (i.e. Guillain-Barre syndrome) Post-anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) recovery room, receives patients immediately following surgical operations and anesthesia. Pts will generally remain in this unit for short periods of time until they are stabilized. Provides postoperative observation, monitoring of vital signs, medication administration, IV fluid administration, airway care, oxygen therapy, and extubation in pts ready for the removal of the ETT, if not removed in the OR. These nurses also provide the initial management of postoperative pain, treatment for postoperative nausea and vomiting, treatment of post-anesthetic shivering, and monitoring of surgical sites for bleeding, swelling, discharge, or other complications. Mobile Intensive Care Unit (Mobile ICU) Emergency response unit, ambulance, or transport vehicle that includes sophisticated life support and monitoring technology. Typically staffed by qualified paramedics who are linked to a medical center via telecommunications technology. In addition, critical care transport may be accomplished using a ground mobile ICU, helicopter, or fixed-wing aircraft. Critical care transport teams may include critical care nurses, critical care flight medics, respiratory therapists, and critical care physicians. Trauma Centers A specially designated hospital that is experienced in and capable of caring for patients with severe injuries Level 1 Trauma Center can manage all types of trauma by 24-hour in-house coverage by general surgeons, and the rapid availability of specialists. Serves as a comprehensive regional resource Level 5 Trauma Center provides initial evaluation, stabilization and diagnostic capabilities and prepares patients for transfer to higher levels of care NICU levels Level I - Basic Care Level II - Specialty Care Level III - Subspecialty Care Level IV - highest level of regional care Level I NICU care well newborn nursery. Care for healthy babies Level II NICU care may provide advanced newborn care (special care nursery). may provide mechanical ventilatory support until the infant improves or is transferred to a higher-level facility Level III NICU care provides comprehensive intensive care for very premature infants (i.e. 32 weeks gestation and weighing 1500 g) as well as those with other critical illnesses. Sometimes dfurther delineated as level IIIA, Level IIIB, Level IIIC, with Level IIIC providing the highest level of care. Provide conventional ventilatory support, and may provide high-frequency ventilation, iNO, ECMO, and advanced imaging procedures Level IV NICU care highest level of complex care, serving as a regional referral center Step-down unit patients are transitioning from ICU to eventually Telemetry or Med/Surg ________ conditions have been associated with the highest proportion of ICU utilization by patients requiring hospitalization 18 Over _____ of hospitalized patients requiring ventilatory support needed ICU services 93% Common diagnoses that often require mechanical ventilation -acute respiratory failure (ARF) -COPD exacerbation -NM disease -Coma ______ conditions accounted for a large number of hospitalizations requiring ICU services Cardiac Over _____ of hospitalized patients with acute MI who survived required ICU admission 70% Other cardiac or cardiovascular conditions that often required ICU admision -cardiogenic pulmonary edema -heart failure -shock -cardiac arrhythmia -condution disorders Other Frequent causes of ICU admissions -intracranial hemorrhage -cerebral infarction -severe sepsis -toxic effects of drugs ICU physician-to-patient ratios exceeding ______ were associated with increased mortality 1:14 ICU nurse to patient ratio 1:1 or 1:2 Critical Care refers to care/management of critically ill patients who requires sophisticated support, careful and constant monitoring and complex decision making to ensure that therapy is adjusted as patients needs change. Level 1 Adult Highest level, academic/teaching facilities, comprehensive care for a variety of issues Level 2 Adult usually large community hospitals, provide comprehensive care but may no have all the resources Level 3 Adult Small community hospitals, unable to provide comprehensive care, partnered with larger hospitals Level 5Adult Provides basic ED services Interprofessional Education (IPE) Circumstances in which two or more professionals learn with, from, and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of care Interprofessional Practice (IPP) Circumstances in which multiple health workers from different professional backgrounds work together with the patients, families, careers, and communities to deliver the highest quality of care Interprofessional Teamwork (IPT) the levels of cooperation, coordination, and collaboration characterizing the relationships between professions in delivering patient-centered care Interprofessional team-based care (IPTBC) care delivered by intentionally created work groups in healthcare i.e. rapid response team, primary care team, code blue team Interprofessional Compentencies -Value and ethics -roles and responsibilities -interprofessional communication -team and teamwork "Step-Down" Units -intermediate care unit (IMC), transitional care (TCU) -provide a level of care between general floors and ICU Long-term Acute Care (LTAC) -maybe stand-alone or within medical center -usually requires 25 days of hospitalization -vent dependent patients, renal failure patients, extensive wound care Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF) a facility that provides 24-hour room, board, and skilled nursing care and treatment to at least three residents. Skilled nursing care and treatment services are those performed by or under the supervision of a registered nurse for individuals requiring 24-hour-a-day care by licensed nursing personnel and under the direction of a licensed doctor. Respiratory care can be defined as the healthcare discipline that specializes in the promotion of cardiopulmonary function patients at high risk for life-threatening health problems requiring sophisticated support and monitoring are best cared for in the intensive care unit Which of the following conditions often require ICU admission and mechanical ventilation ARDS, Shock, Sepsi Critical respiratory care includes which of the following -diagnostic and monitoring procedures -management of artificial airways -performing basic and advanced respiratory care -management of mechanical ventilation A patient who has just had a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) on their descending coronary artery would be admitted to which unit? CVICU Interprofessional education (IPE) occurs when two or more professionals learn with, from, and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of care ________________ provides comprehensive intensive care for very premature infants (i.e., 32 weeks' gestation and weighing 1500 g), as well as those with other critical illnesses Level III NICU Assessment of the respiratory care patient in the ICU should include -evaluation and monitoring of the patient's oxygenation, ventilation, and circulation -review of the medical records, history, physical exam, review of lab studies, medical imaging, results of cardiac and hemodynamic tests -monitoring and review of critical care monitoring flowsheet -physical assessment to identify the signs of respiratory distress, hypoxia, and hypercapnia Which of the following are bedside imaging studies performed in the ICU? -portable CXR -sonography -Ultrasound Which of the following procedures is sometimes performed in the ICU to assess pleural fluid? Thoracentesis Cardiac markers include Troponin I & II CK-MB Myoglobin lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) AST Symptoms associated with ventilatory disorders (e.g. altered PaCO2) can include ponopnea anxiety headache dyspnea orthopnea trepopnea Pleural fluid analysis microscopic and chemical lab analysis of the fluid obtained during thoracentesis -pH -protein -Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) -cholesterol -glucose -bacterial -cytology transudate vs. exudate Transudate does not include proteins and cells (Exudate does not exclude cells and protein) A sudden decrease in arterial oxygenation with or without carbon dioxide retention is Acute respiratory failure (ARF) 1. A sudden increase in PaCO2 with a corresponding decrease in pH is called Acute Ventilatory Failure (AVF) A technique in which saline is introduced into the bronchi via a bronchoscope and then collected for analysis as a means of diagnosing lung disease is called Bronchoalveolar lavage High-frequency sound waves are used in combination with a bronchoscope to observe tissues of the respiratory system is called Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS)