NGR 5149 WEEK 11 FINAL EXAM (RASMUSSEN
UNIVERSITY) ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
ACROSS THE LIFESPAN LATEST 2025-2026
UPDATE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation? - Answer-redness,
swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function
Active immunity - Answer-A protected state owing to the body's
immune response as a result of active infection or immunization.
Requires memory B cells.
Passive immunity - Answer-Involves the transfer of plasma containing
preformed antibodies against a specific antigen from a protected or
immunized person to an unprotected or non-immunized person.
Immediate but temporary protection.
Benign tumor - Answer-typical of tissue origin, few mitoses, slow
growth rate, strictly local, often encapsulated/ no metastasis, tumor
necrosis is rare, recurrence after treatment is rare, prognosis is good,
unless in critical area.
Malignant tumor - Answer-Anaplastic with abnormal cell size and
shape, many mitoses, growth rate is rapid, infiltrative/ frequent
,metastases, tumor necrosis is common, recurrence after treatment is
common, prognosis is poor if untreated.
Cachexia - Answer-Overall weight loss and generalized weakness
Anemia - Answer-deficiency in circulating red blood cells
Leukopenia - Answer-deficiency in circulating white blood cells
Thrombocytopenia - Answer-deficiency in circulating platelets
Warts - Answer-Common benign papillomas caused by DNA-
containing papillomaviruses. Exaggeration of normal skin composition;
stratum corneum irregularly thickened. Treatment by surgical removal,
topical blistering agents, immunomodulators, and intralesional
injections.
Herpes simplex virus - Answer-HSV-1 occurs above the waist; common
on the lips, face, and mouth; pain common, healing in 10-14 days;
persists in latent form.
HSV-2 is responsible for most infections in the genital area. Usually
begins with a burning or tingling sensation followed by vesicles and
erythema; crusts before healing. No cure; analgesics for pain; antivirals
to shorten duration of outbreaks.
, Herpes zoster - Answer-Shingles: acute localized inflammatory disease
of a dermatomal segment of the skin caused by varicella zoster
(chickenpox). Results from reactivation of the latent virus. Eruption of
painful vesicles with erythematous bases typically unilateral;
parasthesias. Treatment: antiviral drugs, preferably within 48 hours,
vaccine, Burrow compresses
Syphilis - Answer-Serious STD from Treponema pallidum.
Primary: single chancre on genitalia
Secondary: disseminated rash
Tertiary: permanent cardiac and CNS damage
Diagnosis: serum antibodies; pustules for spirochete. Penicillin is very
effective in eradication primary & secondary syphilis.
lupus erythematosus - Answer-Discoid lupus: scaly red plaques with
scarring that involves sun-exposed skin; slow healing under therapy
Systemic lupus: butterfly-shaped erythema involving the cheeks and
nose; affects many other organs
Psoriasis - Answer-chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy,
scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales.
Treatment: no cure; topical corticosteroids, vitamin D derivative,
ultraviolet light, tar, systemic psoralen, methotrexate, hydroxyurea, or
injectable biological agents.
UNIVERSITY) ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
ACROSS THE LIFESPAN LATEST 2025-2026
UPDATE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation? - Answer-redness,
swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function
Active immunity - Answer-A protected state owing to the body's
immune response as a result of active infection or immunization.
Requires memory B cells.
Passive immunity - Answer-Involves the transfer of plasma containing
preformed antibodies against a specific antigen from a protected or
immunized person to an unprotected or non-immunized person.
Immediate but temporary protection.
Benign tumor - Answer-typical of tissue origin, few mitoses, slow
growth rate, strictly local, often encapsulated/ no metastasis, tumor
necrosis is rare, recurrence after treatment is rare, prognosis is good,
unless in critical area.
Malignant tumor - Answer-Anaplastic with abnormal cell size and
shape, many mitoses, growth rate is rapid, infiltrative/ frequent
,metastases, tumor necrosis is common, recurrence after treatment is
common, prognosis is poor if untreated.
Cachexia - Answer-Overall weight loss and generalized weakness
Anemia - Answer-deficiency in circulating red blood cells
Leukopenia - Answer-deficiency in circulating white blood cells
Thrombocytopenia - Answer-deficiency in circulating platelets
Warts - Answer-Common benign papillomas caused by DNA-
containing papillomaviruses. Exaggeration of normal skin composition;
stratum corneum irregularly thickened. Treatment by surgical removal,
topical blistering agents, immunomodulators, and intralesional
injections.
Herpes simplex virus - Answer-HSV-1 occurs above the waist; common
on the lips, face, and mouth; pain common, healing in 10-14 days;
persists in latent form.
HSV-2 is responsible for most infections in the genital area. Usually
begins with a burning or tingling sensation followed by vesicles and
erythema; crusts before healing. No cure; analgesics for pain; antivirals
to shorten duration of outbreaks.
, Herpes zoster - Answer-Shingles: acute localized inflammatory disease
of a dermatomal segment of the skin caused by varicella zoster
(chickenpox). Results from reactivation of the latent virus. Eruption of
painful vesicles with erythematous bases typically unilateral;
parasthesias. Treatment: antiviral drugs, preferably within 48 hours,
vaccine, Burrow compresses
Syphilis - Answer-Serious STD from Treponema pallidum.
Primary: single chancre on genitalia
Secondary: disseminated rash
Tertiary: permanent cardiac and CNS damage
Diagnosis: serum antibodies; pustules for spirochete. Penicillin is very
effective in eradication primary & secondary syphilis.
lupus erythematosus - Answer-Discoid lupus: scaly red plaques with
scarring that involves sun-exposed skin; slow healing under therapy
Systemic lupus: butterfly-shaped erythema involving the cheeks and
nose; affects many other organs
Psoriasis - Answer-chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy,
scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales.
Treatment: no cure; topical corticosteroids, vitamin D derivative,
ultraviolet light, tar, systemic psoralen, methotrexate, hydroxyurea, or
injectable biological agents.
