Human Factors Exam 2 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Version 2025
Bottom-up processing - Answers the piecing together of systems to give rise to grander systems, thus
making the original systems sub-systems of the emergent system.
Pandemonium model - Answers Selfridge envisioned the mind as a collection of tiny demons, each of
whom responds to a name -- or something close to it -- being called out by other demons. When one
thinks it is being called, it begins to yell out to other demons. The more certain it is that it is being called,
the louder it yells, until some other demon thinks it is being called in turn. And so on.
Top-down processing - Answers is essentially the breaking down of a system to gain insight into its
compositional sub-systems. In a top-down approach an overview of the system is formulated, specifying
but not detailing any first-level subsystems.
Automatic processing - Answers refers to thinking that is nonconscious, unintentional, involuntary, and
effortless
Word superiority effect - Answers letters can be either identified directly on the basis of activity at the
level of letter representation or inferred on the basis of word identification
TallMan lettering - Answers used in medical industry to distinguish difference in drug names, the
different part of the name is in caps. Ex. acetaZOLAMIDE vs. acetoHEXAMIDE
Context-data trade-offs- - Answers ...
Shannon-Fano Principle - Answers high probability, low information messages should be short, and low
probability, high information ones should be longer
Zipf's law - Answers frequent words are shorter and ones that occur rarely tend to be longer
Role of context in object recognition- - Answers ...
Earcons - Answers a brief, distinctive sound used to represent a specific event or convey other
information (low battery)
Auditory icons - Answers meaningful sound (send email, sticky keys)
Spearcons - Answers speeded phrases
Dasher - Answers a zooming interface. You point where you want to go, and the display zooms in
wherever you point. The world into which you are zooming is painted with letters, so that any point you
zoom in on corresponds to a piece of text. The more you zoom in, the longer the piece of text you have
written. You choose what you write by choosing where to zoom.
Working memory - Answers the temporary, attention-demanding store that we use to retain new
information until we use it
Bottom-up processing - Answers the piecing together of systems to give rise to grander systems, thus
making the original systems sub-systems of the emergent system.
Pandemonium model - Answers Selfridge envisioned the mind as a collection of tiny demons, each of
whom responds to a name -- or something close to it -- being called out by other demons. When one
thinks it is being called, it begins to yell out to other demons. The more certain it is that it is being called,
the louder it yells, until some other demon thinks it is being called in turn. And so on.
Top-down processing - Answers is essentially the breaking down of a system to gain insight into its
compositional sub-systems. In a top-down approach an overview of the system is formulated, specifying
but not detailing any first-level subsystems.
Automatic processing - Answers refers to thinking that is nonconscious, unintentional, involuntary, and
effortless
Word superiority effect - Answers letters can be either identified directly on the basis of activity at the
level of letter representation or inferred on the basis of word identification
TallMan lettering - Answers used in medical industry to distinguish difference in drug names, the
different part of the name is in caps. Ex. acetaZOLAMIDE vs. acetoHEXAMIDE
Context-data trade-offs- - Answers ...
Shannon-Fano Principle - Answers high probability, low information messages should be short, and low
probability, high information ones should be longer
Zipf's law - Answers frequent words are shorter and ones that occur rarely tend to be longer
Role of context in object recognition- - Answers ...
Earcons - Answers a brief, distinctive sound used to represent a specific event or convey other
information (low battery)
Auditory icons - Answers meaningful sound (send email, sticky keys)
Spearcons - Answers speeded phrases
Dasher - Answers a zooming interface. You point where you want to go, and the display zooms in
wherever you point. The world into which you are zooming is painted with letters, so that any point you
zoom in on corresponds to a piece of text. The more you zoom in, the longer the piece of text you have
written. You choose what you write by choosing where to zoom.
Working memory - Answers the temporary, attention-demanding store that we use to retain new
information until we use it
