BIOD171 MICROBIOLOGY FINAL EXAM SCRIPT 2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Describe the TWO main characteristics of LYSOGENIC (temperate) bacteriophage
replication. - ✔✔(1) Exist in a non-replicative state that does not kill the host cell
(2) Integrated into the host genome but production of viral proteins is suppressed
✔✔Bacteria that have a round morphology are referred to as ______. - ✔✔Coccus
✔✔You want to observe the movement of microorganisms that are present in a sample
of cheek cells obtained on a patient. Briefly explain the technique that you would use
and how it is performed. - ✔✔A wet mount stain is indicated. A small liquid culture
(usually just a drop) containing a microorganism of interest is prepared, added to a
slide, and then covered with a glass coverslip. The coverslip is present to both protect
the objective and the specimen while also holding the microorganism in place. Wet
mounts are used to observe the motility and behavior of an organism.
✔✔What coronavirus-associated infection gave rise to quarantining and travel
restrictions in 2003? - ✔✔SARS
✔✔Also known as lysogeny broth, it is a multi-purpose media capable of growing a wide
variety of microorganisms. - ✔✔LB Agar
✔✔Red in color and is both a selective and differential media. This agar is selective for
Gram-positive bacteria and can differentiate members of the Staphylococci family. -
✔✔Mannitol Salt Agar
✔✔Pale red in color and is both selective and differential media. The presence of crystal
violet and bile salts in its formulation restricts Gram-positive bacterial growth. As such,
only Gram-negative microbes can be grown. - ✔✔MacConkey Agar
✔✔Red in color and is an enriched, selective, and differential media. It contains the
antimicrobial agents colistin and Nalidixic acid, it suppresses the growth of Gram-
negative bacteria and is, therefore, used for isolation of Gram-positive microbes. -
✔✔Columbia CNA agar
✔✔True or False. If the statement is false, change it to make it true.
Tuberculosis (TB) CANNOT be spread through shaking someone's hand, sharing a
drink, or kissing. - ✔✔true
✔✔True or False. If the statement is false, change it to make it true.
Lipids are primarily composed of hydrophilic hydrocarbons. - ✔✔Answer: False. Lipids
are primarily composed of hydrophobic hydrocarbons.
, ✔✔You are working with a patient who claims a friend "got the COVID-19 infection from
the vaccine". Explain why the viral vector vaccine used to prevent the COVID-19
infection cannot transmit the actual infection. - ✔✔The genome in the viral vector only
encodes for a spike protein and not the other components of the virus. Therefore, new
virions or virus particles cannot be made or replicated.
✔✔The simplest form of light, or optical, microscopes. Light, most often emitted from a
standard halogen bulb, enters the microscope from the base (bottom) and is reflected
via mirrors towards the sample. - ✔✔bright field
✔✔Incoming light is in the form of the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum. - ✔✔fluorescence
✔✔Can provide detailed images of live cells without staining. - ✔✔phase contrast
✔✔Use of beams of electrons (rather than light) to increase its resolution capacity to
less than 1nm—that's 200x. - ✔✔electron microscope
✔✔Combines the usefulness of fluorescence microscopy with the ability to visualize
cells in 3-D - ✔✔confocal microscope
✔✔This microscope reflects light off of the specimen at an angle rather than light
passing through the specimen. - ✔✔dark field
✔✔Which of the following reactions is an example of a hydrolase?
a. A + B → A-B
b. A-B + H2O → A-OH + B-H
c. A— + B →A + B—
d. Ab + C → A + Cb - ✔✔b
✔✔After a microbiologist obtains a quadrant streak sample, what is the next action
taken in the incubation process to obtain growth? - ✔✔Answer: Lids placed back onto
the plate, they are inverted to prevent any potential contaminants from settling onto the
surface of the agar and placed in an incubator set at 37°C for ~12-24 hours.
✔✔Identify the following disease based upon the physical manifestation: - ✔✔lyme
disease
✔✔Which of the following is/are true of Animalia? (Select all that apply)
They are autotrophic
They can be unicellular or multicellular
They possess the ability to move
Humans are an example - ✔✔They possess the ability to move
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Describe the TWO main characteristics of LYSOGENIC (temperate) bacteriophage
replication. - ✔✔(1) Exist in a non-replicative state that does not kill the host cell
(2) Integrated into the host genome but production of viral proteins is suppressed
✔✔Bacteria that have a round morphology are referred to as ______. - ✔✔Coccus
✔✔You want to observe the movement of microorganisms that are present in a sample
of cheek cells obtained on a patient. Briefly explain the technique that you would use
and how it is performed. - ✔✔A wet mount stain is indicated. A small liquid culture
(usually just a drop) containing a microorganism of interest is prepared, added to a
slide, and then covered with a glass coverslip. The coverslip is present to both protect
the objective and the specimen while also holding the microorganism in place. Wet
mounts are used to observe the motility and behavior of an organism.
✔✔What coronavirus-associated infection gave rise to quarantining and travel
restrictions in 2003? - ✔✔SARS
✔✔Also known as lysogeny broth, it is a multi-purpose media capable of growing a wide
variety of microorganisms. - ✔✔LB Agar
✔✔Red in color and is both a selective and differential media. This agar is selective for
Gram-positive bacteria and can differentiate members of the Staphylococci family. -
✔✔Mannitol Salt Agar
✔✔Pale red in color and is both selective and differential media. The presence of crystal
violet and bile salts in its formulation restricts Gram-positive bacterial growth. As such,
only Gram-negative microbes can be grown. - ✔✔MacConkey Agar
✔✔Red in color and is an enriched, selective, and differential media. It contains the
antimicrobial agents colistin and Nalidixic acid, it suppresses the growth of Gram-
negative bacteria and is, therefore, used for isolation of Gram-positive microbes. -
✔✔Columbia CNA agar
✔✔True or False. If the statement is false, change it to make it true.
Tuberculosis (TB) CANNOT be spread through shaking someone's hand, sharing a
drink, or kissing. - ✔✔true
✔✔True or False. If the statement is false, change it to make it true.
Lipids are primarily composed of hydrophilic hydrocarbons. - ✔✔Answer: False. Lipids
are primarily composed of hydrophobic hydrocarbons.
, ✔✔You are working with a patient who claims a friend "got the COVID-19 infection from
the vaccine". Explain why the viral vector vaccine used to prevent the COVID-19
infection cannot transmit the actual infection. - ✔✔The genome in the viral vector only
encodes for a spike protein and not the other components of the virus. Therefore, new
virions or virus particles cannot be made or replicated.
✔✔The simplest form of light, or optical, microscopes. Light, most often emitted from a
standard halogen bulb, enters the microscope from the base (bottom) and is reflected
via mirrors towards the sample. - ✔✔bright field
✔✔Incoming light is in the form of the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum. - ✔✔fluorescence
✔✔Can provide detailed images of live cells without staining. - ✔✔phase contrast
✔✔Use of beams of electrons (rather than light) to increase its resolution capacity to
less than 1nm—that's 200x. - ✔✔electron microscope
✔✔Combines the usefulness of fluorescence microscopy with the ability to visualize
cells in 3-D - ✔✔confocal microscope
✔✔This microscope reflects light off of the specimen at an angle rather than light
passing through the specimen. - ✔✔dark field
✔✔Which of the following reactions is an example of a hydrolase?
a. A + B → A-B
b. A-B + H2O → A-OH + B-H
c. A— + B →A + B—
d. Ab + C → A + Cb - ✔✔b
✔✔After a microbiologist obtains a quadrant streak sample, what is the next action
taken in the incubation process to obtain growth? - ✔✔Answer: Lids placed back onto
the plate, they are inverted to prevent any potential contaminants from settling onto the
surface of the agar and placed in an incubator set at 37°C for ~12-24 hours.
✔✔Identify the following disease based upon the physical manifestation: - ✔✔lyme
disease
✔✔Which of the following is/are true of Animalia? (Select all that apply)
They are autotrophic
They can be unicellular or multicellular
They possess the ability to move
Humans are an example - ✔✔They possess the ability to move
