Straighterline Micro
Straighter line microbiology final exam
2025
In the nitrogen cycle, which of the following steps involves removal of nitrogen from the
atmosphere by bacteria? - Correct Ans-Nitrogen Fixation
If enough H+ ions are added to pure water to raise the H+ concentration of the solution
to ten times higher than the original concentration, what is the resulting OH-
concentration of the solution? - Correct Ans-10-8 M
Fungi are able to reproduce asexually by creating conidiospores and sporangiospores.
Which of the following is an accurate explanation for why it is advantageous that they
are also capable of sexual reproduction? - Correct Ans-Offspring from two parents may
have variations in form and function that contribute to survival of the species.
In a laboratory bacterial cell culture that has been infected by a virus, plaques are areas
in which... - Correct Ans-the virus has spread and left behind the remains of dead cells.
The sun's energy is delivered as discrete packets that travel as waves and are called -
Correct Ans-Photons
What is a characteristic of aerobic respiration? - Correct Ans-The process includes
glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
In completing protein synthesis in a prokaryote, what basic message is carried by a
specialized codon that has no corresponding tRNA? - Correct Ans-"Terminate here."
Microbial drug resistance can be caused by mutations or by introduction of new genes
into a population. Which of the following can only be caused by the introduction of new
genes into a population? - Correct Ans-new enzymes that inactivate the drug are
synthesized
Why do the hands, feet, and breasts have more lymphatic vessels for host defense than
other areas of the human body? - Correct Ans-They have a high risk for infection due to
frequent contact.
Penicillin functions as an antimicrobial agent by inhibiting bacterial... - Correct Ans-cell
wall synthesis.
Which class of eukaryotic microorganisms can be subdivided into groups such as
Mastigophora, Sarcodina, Ciliophora, and Apicomplexa? - Correct Ans-Protozoa
Genetic material can be excised from one chromosome and directly integrated into
another via... - Correct Ans-transposons
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, Straighterline Micro
What immune cell secretes numerous cytokines that help to coordinate the response of
other immune cells? - Correct Ans-TH cell
What enzymes are used to amplify DNA during PCR? - Correct Ans-DNA polymerase
Which of the following is a scientific name? - Correct Ans-Streptococcus pyogenes
Eosin-methylene blue agar, or EMB, is a commonly used bacteriological medium for
growing gram-negative bacteria from complex environments. It contains two dyes, eosin
and methylene blue, as well as the sugar lactose. Eosin is a pH indicator that changes
color when the medium is acidic, while methylene blue inhibits the growth of most gram-
positive bacteria. If an organism consumes lactose, acid will be produced, causing the
bacterial colonies to change color.
Based upon this description, this medium is ______ - Correct Ans-differential and
selective
A diagram of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) proceeding from the Last
Universal Common Ancestor would show Archaea - Correct Ans-branching off the
Domain Eukarya.
In the cell cytoplasm, molecules of ATP are a - Correct Ans-solute
The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses. -
Correct Ans-nosepiece
Characteristics shared by all cells include - Correct Ans-the presence of cellular fluid,
the possession of genetic information, and a membrane serving as a cell boundary.
Anything that occupies space and mass is called... - Correct Ans-matter
Trees of life illustrate the phylogenetic relationships of all organisms were traditionally
based on _____; newer methods for determining phylogeny rely on _____. - Correct
Ans-Morphology; nucleic acid sequences
Covalent bonds - Correct Ans-result from sharing electrons
One nucleotide contains one - Correct Ans-phosphate, pentose sugar, nitrogen base
Among the types of microorganisms, the ___. are noncellullar - Correct Ans-viruses
Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of ____
- Correct Ans-Bioremediation
C6H12O6+C6H12O6---> C12H22O11+H2O - Correct Ans-a dehydration synthesis
2|Page
Straighter line microbiology final exam
2025
In the nitrogen cycle, which of the following steps involves removal of nitrogen from the
atmosphere by bacteria? - Correct Ans-Nitrogen Fixation
If enough H+ ions are added to pure water to raise the H+ concentration of the solution
to ten times higher than the original concentration, what is the resulting OH-
concentration of the solution? - Correct Ans-10-8 M
Fungi are able to reproduce asexually by creating conidiospores and sporangiospores.
Which of the following is an accurate explanation for why it is advantageous that they
are also capable of sexual reproduction? - Correct Ans-Offspring from two parents may
have variations in form and function that contribute to survival of the species.
In a laboratory bacterial cell culture that has been infected by a virus, plaques are areas
in which... - Correct Ans-the virus has spread and left behind the remains of dead cells.
The sun's energy is delivered as discrete packets that travel as waves and are called -
Correct Ans-Photons
What is a characteristic of aerobic respiration? - Correct Ans-The process includes
glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
In completing protein synthesis in a prokaryote, what basic message is carried by a
specialized codon that has no corresponding tRNA? - Correct Ans-"Terminate here."
Microbial drug resistance can be caused by mutations or by introduction of new genes
into a population. Which of the following can only be caused by the introduction of new
genes into a population? - Correct Ans-new enzymes that inactivate the drug are
synthesized
Why do the hands, feet, and breasts have more lymphatic vessels for host defense than
other areas of the human body? - Correct Ans-They have a high risk for infection due to
frequent contact.
Penicillin functions as an antimicrobial agent by inhibiting bacterial... - Correct Ans-cell
wall synthesis.
Which class of eukaryotic microorganisms can be subdivided into groups such as
Mastigophora, Sarcodina, Ciliophora, and Apicomplexa? - Correct Ans-Protozoa
Genetic material can be excised from one chromosome and directly integrated into
another via... - Correct Ans-transposons
1|Page
, Straighterline Micro
What immune cell secretes numerous cytokines that help to coordinate the response of
other immune cells? - Correct Ans-TH cell
What enzymes are used to amplify DNA during PCR? - Correct Ans-DNA polymerase
Which of the following is a scientific name? - Correct Ans-Streptococcus pyogenes
Eosin-methylene blue agar, or EMB, is a commonly used bacteriological medium for
growing gram-negative bacteria from complex environments. It contains two dyes, eosin
and methylene blue, as well as the sugar lactose. Eosin is a pH indicator that changes
color when the medium is acidic, while methylene blue inhibits the growth of most gram-
positive bacteria. If an organism consumes lactose, acid will be produced, causing the
bacterial colonies to change color.
Based upon this description, this medium is ______ - Correct Ans-differential and
selective
A diagram of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) proceeding from the Last
Universal Common Ancestor would show Archaea - Correct Ans-branching off the
Domain Eukarya.
In the cell cytoplasm, molecules of ATP are a - Correct Ans-solute
The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses. -
Correct Ans-nosepiece
Characteristics shared by all cells include - Correct Ans-the presence of cellular fluid,
the possession of genetic information, and a membrane serving as a cell boundary.
Anything that occupies space and mass is called... - Correct Ans-matter
Trees of life illustrate the phylogenetic relationships of all organisms were traditionally
based on _____; newer methods for determining phylogeny rely on _____. - Correct
Ans-Morphology; nucleic acid sequences
Covalent bonds - Correct Ans-result from sharing electrons
One nucleotide contains one - Correct Ans-phosphate, pentose sugar, nitrogen base
Among the types of microorganisms, the ___. are noncellullar - Correct Ans-viruses
Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of ____
- Correct Ans-Bioremediation
C6H12O6+C6H12O6---> C12H22O11+H2O - Correct Ans-a dehydration synthesis
2|Page
