test bank for genetics a conceptual approach 7th edition by benjamin_a._pierce

Test Bank For Genetics A Conceptual Approach 7th Edition By: Benja
m m m m m m m m m m



min A. Pierce
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,Chapterm1:mIntroductionmtomGeneticsmfrommGenetics:mAmConceptualmApproach



1. Whichmofmthemfollowingmbestmdefinesmgenetics?
A) Themstudymofmlivingmorganisms
B) Themstudymofmgenesmandmheredity
C) Themstudymofmdiseasesmandmtheirmcauses
D) Themstudymofmcellmstructures
CorrectmAnswer:mB)mThemstudymofmgenesmandmheredity
Rationale:mGeneticsmfocusesmspecificallymonmhowmtraitsmandmcharacteristicsmareminheritedm
throughmgenes.mThismfoundationalmknowledgemismcrucialmformunderstandingmmoremcomplex
mgeneticmconcepts.mUnderstandingmgeneticsmismessentialmformnurses,masmtheymmaymdealmwith

mgeneticmconditionsmandmcounseling.

2. Whichmtermmdescribesmthemobservablemcharacteristicsmofmanmorganism?
A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Allele
D) Chromosome
CorrectmAnswer:mB)mPhenotype
Rationale:mThemphenotypemrefersmtomthemphysicalmexpressionmofmgeneticmtraits,mwhilemgen
otypemrefersmtomthemgeneticmmakeup.mNursesmmustmbemablemtomdifferentiatembetweenmthesemt
ermsmtomprovidemeffectivemeducationmandmsupportmtompatientsmregardingmgeneticmcondition
s.
3. WhatmismthemprimarymfunctionmofmDNA?
A) Tomprovidemenergymformcellularmprocesses
B) Tomstoremandmtransmitmgeneticminformation
C) Tomcatalyzembiochemicalmreactions
D) Tomservemasmamstructuralmcomponentmofmcells
CorrectmAnswer:mB)mTomstoremandmtransmitmgeneticminformation
Rationale:mDNAmholdsmtheminstructionsmformthemdevelopmentmandmfunctioningmofmlivingmorga
nisms,mwhichmismcentralmtomgeneticmstudies.mUnderstandingmthemrolemofmDNAmismvitalmformnurse
s,mespeciallymwhenmdiscussingmgeneticmtestingmandmcounseling.
4. Whichmofmthemfollowingmbestmdescribesmalleles?
A) Differentmformsmofmamgene
B) Themsamemformmofmamgene
C) Chromosomesmthatmdeterminemsex
D) Cellsmthatmcontainmgeneticmmaterial
CorrectmAnswer:mA)mDifferentmformsmofmamgene
Rationale:mAllelesmrepresentmvariationsmofmamparticularmgene,mcontributingmtomgeneticmdiv
ersity.mNursesmmustmunderstandmallelesmtomhelpmexplainminheritancempatternsmandmgeneticmd
isordersmtompatients.
5. Ifmampersonmhasmtwomidenticalmallelesmformamtrait,mtheymaremconsidered:
A) Homozygous
B) Heterozygous
C) Dominant
D) Recessive

, CorrectmAnswer:mA)mHomozygous
Rationale:mHomozygousmindividualsmhavemtwomcopiesmofmthemsamemallele,mwhilemheteroz
ygousmindividualsmhavemdifferentmalleles.mThismdistinctionmismessentialminmgenetics,masmitminf
luencesmthemexpressionmofmtraitsmandmthemriskmofmgeneticmdisorders.
6. Whatmismamgene?
A) AmsegmentmofmDNAmthatmcodesmformamprotein
B) Themphysicalmlocationmofmchromosomes
C) ThemcompletemsetmofmDNAminmanmorganism
D) Amstructuremthatmcarriesmnutrientsminmcells
CorrectmAnswer:mA)mAmsegmentmofmDNAmthatmcodesmformamprotein
Rationale:mGenesmaremthembasicmunitsmofmhereditymandmaremcrucialmformproducingmproteinsm
thatmcarrymoutmvariousmfunctionsminmthembody.mUnderstandingmgenemfunctionmismessentialmfo
rmnursesmtomassessmgeneticmrisksmandmprovidemappropriatempatientmeducation.
7. Whichmgeneticmdisordermismcausedmbymamsinglemgenemmutation?
A) Cysticmfibrosis
B) Downmsyndrome
C) Turnermsyndrome
D) Hemophilia
CorrectmAnswer:mA)mCysticmfibrosis
Rationale:mCysticmfibrosismismanmautosomalmrecessivemdisordermresultingmfrommmutationsmi
nmthemCFTRmgene,millustratingmMendelianminheritancempatterns.mRecognizingmsuchmdisorde
rsmallowsmnursesmtomprovidembettermcaremandmmanagementmstrategiesmformaffectedmindividu
als.
8. InmMendelianminheritance,mwhatmismthemexpectedmphenotypicmratiomofmammonohyb
ridmcross?
A) 1:1
B) 3:1
C) 9:3:3:1
D) 1:2:1
CorrectmAnswer:mB)m3:1
Rationale:mAmmonohybridmcrossmtypicallymresultsminmam3:1mratiomofmdominantmtomrecessive
mphenotypes.mThismknowledgemismimportantmformnursesminvolvedminmgeneticmcounseling,masm

itmhelpsmexplainminheritancempatternsmtomfamilies.
9. Whichmofmthemfollowingmrepresentsmamcarriermformamrecessivemgeneticmdisorder?
A) AA
B) Aa
C) aa
D) Nonemofmthemabove
CorrectmAnswer:mB)mAa
Rationale:mAmcarriermhasmonemdominantmandmonemrecessivemallele,mshowingmnomsymptomsm
ofmthemdisordermbutmcapablemofmpassingmthemrecessivemallelemtomoffspring.mUnderstandingmc
arriersmismvitalminmgeneticmcounselingmandmassessingmfamilymrisks.
10. Whatmismthemsignificancemofmthemhumanmgenomemproject?
A) Tomclonemhumanmgenes
B) Tommapmthementiremhumanmgenome
C) Tomidentifymgeneticmdisordersmonly
D) Tomenhancemagriculturalmcrops

, CorrectmAnswer:mB)mTommapmthementiremhumanmgenome
Rationale:mThemHumanmGenomemProjectmaimedmtomsequencemandmunderstandmallmthemgene
smofmthemhumanmspecies,mwhichmhasmvastmimplicationsmformmedicinemandmgenetics.mNursesm
shouldmbemawaremofmthismprojectmasmitminformsmgeneticmtestingmandmtreatmentmoptions.
11. Whichmofmthemfollowingmismanmexamplemofmamdominantmtrait?
A) Bluemeyes
B) BloodmtypemO
C) Hitchhiker'smthumb
D) Cysticmfibrosis
CorrectmAnswer:mC)mHitchhiker'smthumb
Rationale:mHitchhiker'smthumbmismamdominantmtrait;mthemothersmaremeithermrecessivemormblo
odmtypesmdeterminedmbymcodominance.mUnderstandingmdominantmtraitsmismcrucialmformnurs
esmwhenmdiscussingmgeneticminheritancemwithmpatients.
12. Inmampedigreemchart,mamfilledmsymbolmtypicallymrepresentsmwhichmofmthemfollowing?
A) Carrier
B) Affectedmindividual
C) Male
D) Female
CorrectmAnswer:mB)mAffectedmindividual
Rationale:mFilledmsymbolsminmampedigreemindicatemindividualsmexpressingmamparticularmtrai
tmormconditionmbeingmstudied.mKnowledgemofmpedigreemchartsmismessentialmformnursesmassess
ingmfamilymhistoriesmandmgeneticmrisks.
13. Whichmofmthemfollowingmismtruemregardingmsex-linkedmtraits?
A) Theymareminheritedmequallymbymmalesmandmfemales.
B) Theymaremalwaysmexpressedminmmales.
C) TheymaremonlymfoundmonmthemYmchromosome.
D) Theymaremtypicallymmoremcommonminmmalesmthanmfemales.
CorrectmAnswer:mD)mTheymaremtypicallymmoremcommonminmmalesmthanmfemales.mRation
ale:mSex-
linkedmtraitsmaremoftenmcarriedmonmthemXmchromosome,mleadingmtomhighermexpressionminm
males,mwhomhavemonlymonemXmchromosome.mNursesmshouldmunderstandmsex-
mlinkedminheritancempatternsmformeffectivem geneticmcounseling.

14. WhatmismthemrolemofmmessengermRNAm(mRNA)minmproteinmsynthesis?
A) Itmcatalyzesmthemformationmofmproteins.
B) ItmcarriesmgeneticminformationmfrommDNAmtomribosomes.
C) ItmhelpsminmDNAmreplication.
D) ItmprotectsmDNAmfrommdegradation.
CorrectmAnswer:mB)mItmcarriesmgeneticminformationmfrommDNAmtomribosomes.
Rationale:mmRNAmismcrucialmformtranslatingmgeneticminformationmintomproteins,mfunctioni
ngmasmamtemplatemformproteinmsynthesis.mUnderstandingmmRNA'smrolemaidsmnursesminmdiscu
ssingmgeneticmtherapiesmandmtreatments.
15. Whichmtermmdescribesmanmorganism'smgeneticmmakeup?
A) Phenotype
B) Genotype
C) Allele
D) Trait
CorrectmAnswer:mB)mGenotype