Chapter 29: How plants colonized land With Questions And Answers.
Terrestrial - -Organism that lives on land as opposed to living in water.
plants become this about 500 million years ago in the *Paleozoic era*.
How Plants colonized land - -Land plants probably evolved from protists, specifically green algae.
Adaptations that allowed plants to colonize land - -Ability to keep from dying --> cuticle to
waterproof plant
-Ability to tolerate direct, unfiltered sunlight --> Flavonoids to help absorb UV radiation.
-Ability to acquire sufficient nutrients and water from soil --> mycorrhizae to form symbiotic
relationship b/c not true roots
-Ability to support own structure
-Ability to reproduce without water environment
Evolution of plants - -First plants to colonize land were *nonvascular plants* (bryophytes)
-Then evolved plants with a vascular system *Vascular plants* Do not produce seeds--> seedless
vascular plants
Produces seeds--> seed vascular plants (gymosperms and angiosperms)
nonvascular plants - -Do not have a vascular system.
ie bryophytes
-Life cycle alternates= alternate of generations
haploid stage(n) --> gametophyte
diploid (2n) sporophyte
Haploid stage (n) - Gametophyte
-spores (haploid) dispersed
-Spores germinate in favorable env.
-grown thick filaments
Terrestrial - -Organism that lives on land as opposed to living in water.
plants become this about 500 million years ago in the *Paleozoic era*.
How Plants colonized land - -Land plants probably evolved from protists, specifically green algae.
Adaptations that allowed plants to colonize land - -Ability to keep from dying --> cuticle to
waterproof plant
-Ability to tolerate direct, unfiltered sunlight --> Flavonoids to help absorb UV radiation.
-Ability to acquire sufficient nutrients and water from soil --> mycorrhizae to form symbiotic
relationship b/c not true roots
-Ability to support own structure
-Ability to reproduce without water environment
Evolution of plants - -First plants to colonize land were *nonvascular plants* (bryophytes)
-Then evolved plants with a vascular system *Vascular plants* Do not produce seeds--> seedless
vascular plants
Produces seeds--> seed vascular plants (gymosperms and angiosperms)
nonvascular plants - -Do not have a vascular system.
ie bryophytes
-Life cycle alternates= alternate of generations
haploid stage(n) --> gametophyte
diploid (2n) sporophyte
Haploid stage (n) - Gametophyte
-spores (haploid) dispersed
-Spores germinate in favorable env.
-grown thick filaments
