Chapter 29 - Plant Diversity I <answer> How Plants
Colonized Land
1. For much of Earth's history, the land surface was largely . Some
lived on land 3.2 billion years ago, but it was only within the last 500 million
years that plants, fungi, and animals joined them ashore. Finally, by 385
million years ago, the first appeared (but with different than those of
today) <answer> Lifeless; prokaryotes; small; forest; species
2. Plants evolved from <answer> Green algae
3. Plants Evolved from Green Algae
There are more than 325,000 known species today; most live on
<answer> Plant; land
4. Plants Evolved from Green Algae
Plants supply , sources, and for many other terrestrial organisms-
<answer> Oxygen; food; habitat
5. Plants Evolved from Green Algae
Green algae ( protists) called are the closest relatives of plants
<answer> Pho- tosynthetic; charophytes
6. Evidence of Algal Ancestry
,Plants and some algae are , , photosynthetic <answer>
Multicellular; eukary- otic; autotrophs
7. Evidence of Algal Ancestry
Some algae, like plants, have in their cell walls and containing a
and b <answer> Cellulose; chloroplasts; chlorophyll
8. Evidence of Algal Ancestry - Shared Traits Between Plants and Charo-
phytes
-synthesizing membrane proteins are arranged in , rather than linear
sets <answer> Cellulose; rings
9. Evidence of Algal Ancestry - Shared Traits Between Plants and Charo-
phytes
Sequence similarities in , , and DNA <answer> Nuclear; chloroplast;
mitochon- drial
10. Evidence of Algal Ancestry - Shared Traits Between Plants and Charo-
phytes
Structure of <answer> Flagellated sperm
11. Evidence of Algal Ancestry
Recent genetic analysis indicates in the clade are the closest living
relatives of plants <answer> Charophytes; Zygnematophycaea
,12. Evidence of Algal Ancestry
Plants are not descended from charophytes, but share a with
them <answer> Modern; common ancestor
, 13. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land
Charophytes have a coating of <answer>
Sporopollenin
14. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land
Sporopollenin <answer> A polymer that prevents zygotes from drying out
15. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land Sporopollenin
is also found in plant <answer>
Spore walls
16. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land
The move to land provided benefits <answer> sunlight,
more plentiful , and
- soil <answer> Unfiltered; CO2; nutrient-rich
17. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land
Land also presented challenges <answer> a scarcity of and
lack of support against <answer> Water;
structural; gravity
18. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land
Plants as adaptations evolved that enabled them to thrive on despite
challenges <answer> Diversified; land
Colonized Land
1. For much of Earth's history, the land surface was largely . Some
lived on land 3.2 billion years ago, but it was only within the last 500 million
years that plants, fungi, and animals joined them ashore. Finally, by 385
million years ago, the first appeared (but with different than those of
today) <answer> Lifeless; prokaryotes; small; forest; species
2. Plants evolved from <answer> Green algae
3. Plants Evolved from Green Algae
There are more than 325,000 known species today; most live on
<answer> Plant; land
4. Plants Evolved from Green Algae
Plants supply , sources, and for many other terrestrial organisms-
<answer> Oxygen; food; habitat
5. Plants Evolved from Green Algae
Green algae ( protists) called are the closest relatives of plants
<answer> Pho- tosynthetic; charophytes
6. Evidence of Algal Ancestry
,Plants and some algae are , , photosynthetic <answer>
Multicellular; eukary- otic; autotrophs
7. Evidence of Algal Ancestry
Some algae, like plants, have in their cell walls and containing a
and b <answer> Cellulose; chloroplasts; chlorophyll
8. Evidence of Algal Ancestry - Shared Traits Between Plants and Charo-
phytes
-synthesizing membrane proteins are arranged in , rather than linear
sets <answer> Cellulose; rings
9. Evidence of Algal Ancestry - Shared Traits Between Plants and Charo-
phytes
Sequence similarities in , , and DNA <answer> Nuclear; chloroplast;
mitochon- drial
10. Evidence of Algal Ancestry - Shared Traits Between Plants and Charo-
phytes
Structure of <answer> Flagellated sperm
11. Evidence of Algal Ancestry
Recent genetic analysis indicates in the clade are the closest living
relatives of plants <answer> Charophytes; Zygnematophycaea
,12. Evidence of Algal Ancestry
Plants are not descended from charophytes, but share a with
them <answer> Modern; common ancestor
, 13. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land
Charophytes have a coating of <answer>
Sporopollenin
14. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land
Sporopollenin <answer> A polymer that prevents zygotes from drying out
15. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land Sporopollenin
is also found in plant <answer>
Spore walls
16. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land
The move to land provided benefits <answer> sunlight,
more plentiful , and
- soil <answer> Unfiltered; CO2; nutrient-rich
17. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land
Land also presented challenges <answer> a scarcity of and
lack of support against <answer> Water;
structural; gravity
18. Adaptations Enabling the Move to Land
Plants as adaptations evolved that enabled them to thrive on despite
challenges <answer> Diversified; land
